Recommended Practice for Energy Storage Management Systems in Grid Applications.
Abstract not provided.
Schoenwald, David↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “energy grid”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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PV Inverter Systems Enabled by Monolithically Integrated SiC based Four Quadrant Power Switch (4-QPS) [BiDFET]
The purpose of this project was to develop a new breed of Power Conversion Systems (PCS) for PV integration that is enabled by the newly developed 4-Quadrant Single Die SiC Power Semiconductor Switches (4-QPS) or also referred to as “Bidirectional FET (BIDFET)”. This work includes semiconductor die development, advanced packaging, converter design, development, and testing of 4-QPS enabled hardware prototypes at 1 kW (for single phase residential application) and 10 kW (for three phase commercial application). The BiDirectional Field-Effect Transistor (BiDFET) can enable circuit topologies requiring four-quadrant switches, that were earlier designed using discrete combinations of MOSFETs, IGBTs, GaN HEMTs, and PiN diodes. The monolithic nature of the BiDFET allows lower device count, smaller switch volume, lower inductance, and simpler packaging, and hence more reliable and commercially viable implementation in power electronics converters. The matrix converter topologies, now feasible using BiDFETs, can eliminate the bulky and unreliable dc link capacitors or inductors required for conventional voltage-source or current-source converters in ac–ac and ac–dc applications. The 1.2 kV BiDFET has the potential to disrupt all the applications utilizing 1.2 kV switches, including electric vehicle (EV) drivetrain, bidirectional EV chargers, industrial motor drives, solid-state transformers, datacenter power supplies, elevator drives, dc microgrids, energy storage grid integration, solid-state breakers, etc.
24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
Reliability of the Future Smart Grid and the Role of Energy Storage
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Byrne, Raymond H.↗
Adoption of AI in the Utility T&D Sector: Use Cases, Consequence, Assessment and Benefits
Digital transformation and utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in the electric grid are fundamentally changing the industry’s approach to common problems and enabling a broader paradigm shift in grid planning and operations. The change in approach is circularly both enabling and driving modernization, with load growth and reliable management of data center and AI infrastructure shifting away from planning approaches with relatively predictable behaviors and toward a mix of consumer and industrial choices that surpass human cognitive abilities to process. This movement has potential to condition humans to not understand the system on which the AI depends, while requiring it for development of the necessary infrastructure. Approaches which would address most likely grid conditions and events, such as faults, aging of equipment, and weather, now must also account for large loads which shift not based upon weather or time of day, but the computational load. Quantifying computational load is independent of the traditional grid forecasting variables, where a data center’s aggregate load is determined by user and AI system behavior and decoupled from normal grid planning and operations. AI is both the cause and solution for these challenges, with new grid planning tools integrating massive amounts of decisions into frameworks.
24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
Floating Solar at Lima's Twin Lakes Reservoir
The City of Lima, Ohio is developing a floating photovoltaic (FPV) facility on the surface of Twin Lake Reservoir, adjacent to the City’s water treatment plant. The FPV array is designed with a capacity of 2 megawatts (MW) and will consist of approximately 3,500 solar panels spanning more than four acres of water surface. Based on regional solar conditions, the system will generate 2,000 megawatt-hours (MWh) of electricity annually. While the FPV system will interconnect to the electrical infrastructure serving the water treatment plant, power produced by the system will be net-metered through the utility grid, with energy credits applied to offset the plant’s overall electrical demand rather than directly supplying all plant loads in real time.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
Renewable Energy and Efficiency Technologies in Scenarios of U.S. Decarbonization in Two Types of Models: Comparison of GCAM Modeling and Sector-Specific Modeling
Energy system projections from analytic models inform actions ranging from short-term and local decisions, such as technology and infrastructure deployment, to global and long-term negotiations and targets. Computational limits require the designers of these models to trade off between coverage and resolution. Some models, such as the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM), represent all energy sources and uses but at a relatively coarse level of resolution. GCAM balances global supply and demand of all energy carriers by endogenously projecting prices for energy sources and costs of greenhouse gas mitigation while capturing interlinkages between the energy system, water, agriculture and land use, the economy, and the climate. This global model was used to frame the Long-Term Strategy released by the White House in 2021 and has been used to inform national and global economy-wide decarbonization discussions and strategy development for decades. Other models instead focus on a portion of the energy sector with greater detail and resolution. The Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) electricity-sector model, for example, projects capacity expansion with an emphasis on integration of variable renewable energy into the grid of the future. The Transportation Energy and Mobility Pathway Options (TEMPO) transportation-sector model enables analysis of household choices in adoption, charging, and use of electric vehicles. The Scout buildings-sector model supports detailed consideration of the policies and markets that can accelerate the adoption of energy conservation measures in buildings. Such sector-specific models are instrumental in informing technology research, sectoral planning strategies, and sector-specific aspects of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation strategies in the United States. These global and sector-specific modeling approaches can complement each other. The global approach ensures consistent, endogenous energy pricing and resource allocation, which can substantially diverge from current conditions in transformative scenarios, while the sector-specific approach facilitates representation of granular details across spatial, temporal, technological, and market dimensions that enable exploration of particular interactions and trade-offs. This report presents the results of recent work to explore the differences and tradeoffs between these approaches by comparing GCAM with the sector-specific ReEDS, TEMPO, and Scout models. The report compares both model structures and results, and discusses their potential relevance and applications.
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
Examples of State and Utility Actions on Proactive Planning and Investments
As states across the U.S. confront rising electricity demand, clean energy deployment, grid modernization imperatives, and the integration of large new loads, some regulators and utilities are shifting away from reactive, “just-in-time” investment approaches toward more proactive planning and investment frameworks. This report compiles examples of jurisdictional and utility actions that reshape planning processes, cost recovery mechanisms, and performance oversight to anticipate—rather than simply respond to—future grid needs. Several themes emerge from state actions examined in this report. First, legislatures and commissions are increasingly directing utilities to proactively upgrade their distribution and transmission systems, reflecting a shift toward a forward-looking system that aligns planning with state policy goals. Second, states are establishing long-term, iterative planning frameworks that often feature multi-year horizons, biannual or annual compliance reporting, structured opportunities for stakeholder engagement, and emphasis on collaboration among utilities, regulators, and stakeholders. Third, states are actively investigating innovative cost recovery mechanisms designed to support accelerated electrification and grid modernization, while balancing consumer advocates’ concerns regarding the ratepayer financial risks of premature investments. Fourth, performance metrics and reporting requirements are being developed to ensure transparency and accountability for proactive investments. Fifth, methodological improvements in planning—such as aligning load forecasting assumptions, incorporating sensitivities, and considering load management potential across building, vehicles, storage, and demand response—are recurring areas of stakeholder focus across jurisdictions. Overall, these developments signify a growing recognition among state regulators, utilities, and stakeholders that proactive planning—supported by clear definitions, consistent and transparent methodologies, robust performance metrics, and innovative cost recovery mechanisms—is a tool that can be used to address the scale and urgency of contemporary grid needs.
electricity market↗
PNNL DSSE Docker Image
This is the docker image for Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's DSSE (distribution system state estimator) used for the demo of OEDI-SI platform. To support the operation of modern distribution systems, operators require real-time visibility into system states. Due to a lack of measurements and unbalanced operation, the state estimation in distribution systems is challenging. This submission is related to an OEDI-SI use case which demonstrates the application of an extended Kalman filter-based state estimator on an IEEE-123 bus system. The state estimator uses the measurements to generate voltage estimates for the system.
Array↗
Linearized Distribution Optimal Power Flow for OEDI SI
This research is to meant to demonstrate the OEDI SI use case for distributed optimal power flow (DOPF). The goal was to formulate the optimal power flow problem in the distribution system for active and reactive power setpoints of PV systems using topology information and voltage measurements. The co-simulation runs every 15 minutes as outlined within the scenario file for the given feeder configuration. The linked GitHub repository includes five federates to achieve DOPF for the small, medium, large, and IEEE 123 feeder scenarios. We are using the OEDI SI framework, as well as the example feeder, sensor, recorder, and estimator federates provided in the example repository for OEDI SI. We also provide a runner script for switching between scenarios.
algorithm↗
Energy and AI: Evaluating Future Grid and Water Stress Due to Data Centers
Projections of the need for new data centers to support Artificial Intelligence (AI) are large but highly uncertain. Recent projections indicate up to a 15% annual growth rate in data center electricity demand within the next 5-10 years. Given that most electric utilities are required to have a reserve margin of roughly the same magnitude as the projected growth in demand, these new data center loads could soon threaten resource adequacy and reliability unless data centers build their own generation, interruptible loads are negotiated, commensurate new capacity and/or transmission is built, or some combination of these options. Similarly, depending on the cooling technology and geographic location of new data centers, they could threaten water adequacy in water scarce regions. This presentation highlights the grid and water implications of new data centers to support AI.
Mongird, Kendall (ORCID:0000000328077088)↗
PVWatts Calculator [Slides]
This slide deck is an introduction to PV Watts and how users can employ it. NREL's PVWatts® Calculator estimates the energy production of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) energy systems.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
Experimental measurements of grid-injection turbulent flows
Energy decay and spectra measurements of grid-injection turbulent flows
Liu, J. C. H.↗
A survey of NASTRAN improvements since level 15.5
Several improvements and capabilities were developed and installed in intermediate levels and are being analyzed and evaluated. A survey of current improvements to the program is presented which includes static analysis with differential stiffness rigid format, normal modes with differential stiffness rigid format, the TRIAAX and TRAPAX elements, the CNGRNT feature, fully stressed design, element strain energy and grid point force balance, and complex modal displacement plots.
Mcdonough, J. R.↗
Near-term Brayton Module Status
The integration of subsystem components and the testing of a Parabolic Dish Module (PDM) to convert solar energy to grid compatible electric power is examined. System components are selected on a basis of current and projected performance efficiencies, technology readiness, future production probabilities and prices, current cost and availability. Potential for a near-term, 8 kW derivative of the PDM is adjudged to be superior to that of a 20 kW system. The PDM is suited to both grid connected and standalone applications, and it may be fired by solar, fossil, or solar/fossil hydrid means.
Davis, S. B.↗
The design/analysis of flows through turbomachinery: A viscous/inviscid approach
The development of a design/analysis flow solver at NASA Lewis Research Center is discussed. The solver is axisymmetric and can be run inviscidly with assumed or calculated blockages, or with the viscous terms computed. The blade forces for each blade row are computed from blade-to-blade solutions, correlated data or force model, or from a full three dimensional solution. Codes currently under development can be separated into three distinct elements: the turbomachinery interactive grid generator energy distribution restart code (TIGGERC), the interactive blade element geometry generator (IBEGG), and the viscous/inviscid multi-blade-row average passage flow solver (VIADAC). Several experimental test cases were run to validate the VIADAC code. The tests, representative of typical axial turbomachinery duct axisymmetric wind tunnel body problems, were conducted on an SR7 Spinner axisymmetric body, a NASA Rotor 67 Fan test bed, and a transonic boatail body. The results show the computations to be in good agreement with test data.
Miller, D. P.↗
Methodology Report of Cost Benefit Analysis of Space Based Solar Power
Space-based solar power (SBSP) is the concept of gathering power in space and transmitting it wirelessly to users on Earth or elsewhere in space. SBSP has seen renewed interest from governments, businesses, and universities for reasons including persistent operations in space, achieving carbon neutrality targets, and more. Several major government agencies in Europe, Asia, and the Americas have renewed their SBSP investigations, and hundreds of millions of dollars have been donated to universities to advance the technical state of the art. Given the renewed interest, this study will identify and update some key system parameters to current performance levels. This paper presents the methodology and approach to identify the fiscal and environmental costs and benefits of SBSP when compared to other sustainable and grid-scale energy sources. From these divergent angles the models evaluate fiscal and environmental impacts, identify the state of the most sensitive parameters of the designs, and seek to provide context to leadership on the relative value of pursuing SBSP related technologies.
Space-based solar power↗
Multigrid Algorithms with Projection and Prolongation over Elements of the Phase Space for K-Eigenvalue Transport Problems
This paper describes new multilevel acceleration methods for solving the multigroup neu- tron transport eigenvalue problems. These multilevel algorithms use different projection and prolongation operators in the phase space. The Nonlinear Diffusion Acceleration (NDA) method with multiple grids in energy is formulated with the prolongation oper- ator based on multiplication iterative correction and linear-in-energy mapping. Another multilevel NDA method uses the projection operator with coarsening in energy between the high-order transport and low-order NDA equations. The third algorithm is formu- lated with the partial-current based CMFD low-order equations and applies projection operators in space and energy. The numerical results are presented.
Cornejo, Luke↗
Licensing, Regulations and Developing Guidance for Nuclear Technology Deployment for Embarking countries in Africa
The African region is witnessing an increased number of countries at different stages of implementing or considering the introduction of peaceful nuclear power programs to meet the demand of their rapidly growing economies as well as clean energy needs. Grid size, cost, licensing, and regulations will be some of the challenges to deploying larger power reactors. A key element of the regulatory framework will be the inclusion of nuclear security information and assurance that security is integrated into the license review process.As each country continue to implement and consider different reactor designs from several vendors, the significance of customer knowledge of licensing, Regulations, and guidance document to facilitate the deployment and operational needs for nuclear technology cannot be over-emphasized. This special session will bring together a selected panel of key stakeholders and policymakers from embarking countries in Africa to participate in a panel discussion to share their experience in the licensing, regulations, and development of guidance for power plant deployment. The session will also consider and identify potential gaps that may affect the licensing and regulatory applications for the future nuclear infrastructure. As well, the panel will promote regional networking and communication to increase capacities in readiness for the potential deployment of additional technology, such as Small Modular Reactors.
Dahunsi, Stephen↗