Results for “Sandia” — Page 36

DOE OSTI2026

FY25 Electric Grid Security Annual Report

Sandia’s Electric Grid Security program advances a national vision of energy dominance and accessibility, while applying our national security -emphasis on ensuring of a secure, resilient, and affordable electric system for all users. Our achievements reflect a strategic approach combining technology development; modeling, simulation, and data analytics; and partnered demonstrations and outreach to further the adoption of advanced grid and storage technologies. Our FY25 efforts leverage the strengths of our partnerships—spanning Sandia’s core science and technology competencies as well as external technology leaders—to develop the solutions today which enable the grid of tomorrow. Key accomplishments in this report that support our strategy span our technical program areas and include: • New open-source analytical tools for systems -level planning and optimization, including significant advances to the QuESt analytical environment; • Further advancement of artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhanced grid operations and planning as we rise to the challenge of new large loads; • Development of solid-state power conversion technologies and a new medium-voltage research lab; • New technologies to assess wildfire vulnerabilities and mitigate potential impacts; • Advanced applications of new cybersecurity technologies with industry partners; • Contributions to understanding the impacts of electromagnetic pulses and geomagnetic disturbances on grid components; and • Digital twin development for hybrid microgrids with multiple generators, storage, and loads. This report indicates key areas of research and engagement and summarizes the impact of Sandia’s contributions through notable accomplishments, journal publications, patents, and technical conferences and presentations. It is provided with the hope that readers discover ways we can further team to create our modern grid and apply the outcomes of our efforts. The bulk of work described herein is funded by several offices within the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE), including the Office of Electricity (OE); Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER); former offices such as the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), the Grid Deployment Office (GDO), the Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations (OCED), and other key programs at USDOE. As we continue to state in these annual reports, the contributors to our successes are too numerous to name here, though our team wishes to express our deep gratitude to the numerous program and project sponsors at the US Department of Energy, who often function equally as technical collaborators; our many partners in industry, academia, utilities, and other national labs; and fellow researchers and business partners at Sandia whose leadership and creativity have enabled the accomplishments described herein.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

DOE OSTI2026

or-topas: Operations Research Toolkit for Pyomo Alternative Solutions

SAND2026-16702O OR-TOPAS: Operations Research Toolkit for Pyomo Alternative Solutions is a tool that enhances optimization applications defined by the Pyomo modeling library. It offers functions to generate optimal or near-optimal solutions, operating independently of Pyomo’s solver interface. Users can configure these functions with specific solver names and options, resulting in a custom solution object that returns a list of solutions. The OR-TOPAS library includes methods tailored to the properties of the model, such as binary integer programs versus linear programs, and specific solver interfaces like Gurobi. It does not provide models for specific applications, but it is applicable to a wide range of Pyomo optimization models. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

Siirola, John [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Live↗

DOE OSTI2025

Proactively Addressing Employee Well-Being to Foster Workplace Safety in a U.S. National Laboratory

The daily conduct of high-risk, high-consequence work, by its very nature, can be mentally demanding. Research demonstrates that failure to manage or mitigate these demands can degrade psychological well-being and mental health. Degradations in employee well-being impact individual performance, jeopardizing safety and mission success in the workplace. This Commentary describes efforts taken at Sandia National Laboratories over the past eight years to evaluate, understand, learn from, and mitigate factors such as stress, burnout, work-life imbalances, and disengagement in the workplace that can degrade employee well-being. After evaluating these four facets of employee well-being, Sandia National Laboratories initiated several programs to address observations and outcomes, including the Thrive program, the Take 10 Initiative, work-life balance resources, employee resource groups such as the Sandia Parents Group, and Workplace Improvement Networks. Collectively, the intent of these programs is to ensure employee mental readiness to conduct hazardous high-risk work effectively and safely. Preliminary data suggest that these programs are succeeding. In conclusion, other national laboratories and organizations, regardless of size, may wish to apply similar approaches to improve employee well-being and thereby increase the likelihood of mission success.

Absorption↗

DOE OSTI2020

Gemma

Gemma is a linear electromagnetic code developed at Sandia National Laboratories based on the method of moments in the frequency domain, with the objective of supporting next-generation high-performance computing (HPC) platforms. Gemma provides full-wave computational electromagnetic modeling. As an example, Gemma models electromagnetic radiation (EMR) environments, including those resulting from radar (both hostile and friendly) and high-power-electromagnetic (HPEM) sources. Gemma refers to a suite of source code and scripts that aid in compiling, running, and testing the primary Gemma executable, which can be compiled for diverse platforms including CPUs, GPUs, and MICs by leveraging Sandia's Kokkos library.SAND2019-15221 M Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

Zinser, Brian↗

DOE OSTI2020

Research three-dimensional hierarchical graphite architectures for anodes for fast charging

With current lithium ion batteries optimized for performance under relatively low charge rate conditions, implementation of XFC has been hindered by drawbacks including Li plating, kinetic polarization, and heat dissipation. This project will utilize model-informed design of 3-D hierarchical electrodes to tune key XFCrelated variables like 1) bulk porosity/tortuosity 2) vertical pore diameter, spacing, and lattice 3) crystallographic orientation of graphite particles relative to exposed surfaces 4) interfacial chemistry of the graphite surfaces through "artificial sEr' formation using ALD 5) current collector surface roughness (aspect ratio, roughness factor, etc.). A key aspect of implementing novel electrodes is characterizing them in relevant settings. For this project, ultimately led out of University of Michigan by Neil Dasgupta, that includes both coin cell and 2+ Ah pouch cell testing, as well as comparison testing against baselines. Sandia National Labs will be conducting detailed cell characterization on iterative versions/improvements of the model-based hierarchical electrodes, as well as COTS cells for baseline comparisons. Key metrics include performance under fast charge conditions, as well as the absence or degree of lithium plating. Sandia will use their unique high precision cycling and rapid EIS capabilities to accurately characterize performance and any lithium plating during 6C charging and beyond, coupling electrochemical observations with cell teardown. Sandia will also design custom fixturing to cool cells during rapid charge, to decouple any kinetic effects brought about by cell heating and allow comparisons between different cells and charge rates. Using these techniques, Sandia will assess HOH electrodes from the University of Michigan, as well as aiding in iterative model and electrode design.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Nonproliferation Legacy Technology and Artifact Collection: NASA Space Shuttle Tiles

The NASA Space Shuttle Tiles were used by Sandia in the process of developing the Laser Dynamic Range Imager (LDRI) in support of NASA's Return to Flight following the 2003 Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. The heat shield tiles, provided to Sandia by NASA, are identical to those that were located on the underbelly of the Space Shuttle Columbia's orbiter. Sandia used the tiles to test the efficacy of the LDRI's imaging capabilities. The LDRI was utilized during every space shuttle mission between 2005 and 2011. The tiles are currently located in Building 891 and need to be moved to free up space for operational use. Given their technical significance, Sandia would like to archive them as historically significant items in long-term storage until such time as they can be appropriately displayed or employed as a demonstration artifact. This document provides basic information about the provenance of this artifact.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2020

Handheld Biosensor for COVID-19 Screening

We have made significant progress toward the development of an integrated nucleic acid amplification system for Autonomous Medical Devices Incorporated (AMDIs) Optikus handheld diagnostic device. In this effort, we developed a set of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primers for SARS-CoV-2 and then demonstrate amplification directly on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor. We built associated hardware and developed a C-code to control the amplification process. The goal of this project was to develop a nucleic amplification assay that is compatible with SAW sensors to enable both nucleic and serological testing in a single handheld diagnostic device. Toward this goal, AMDI is collaborating Sandia National Laboratories to develop a rapid, portable diagnostic screening device that utilizes Sandias unique surface acoustic wave biosensor (SAW) for COVID-19 detection. Previously, the SANDIA- AMDI SAW sensor has successfully detected multiple high-profile bacteria viruses, including Ebola, HIV, Sin Nombre, and Anthrax. Over the last two years, AMDI and SANDIA have significantly improved the sensitivity and detection capability of the SAW biosensor and have also developed a modular hand-held, portable platform called the Optikus, which uses CD microfluidics and handheld instrumentation to automate all sample preparation, reagent introduction, sample delivery, and measurement for a number of different assay targets. We propose to use this platform for the development of a rapid (%3C30 minutes), point-of-care diagnostic test for detection of COVID-19 from nasal swab samples.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

DOE OSTI2020

Mixed Waste Landfill Annual Long-Term Monitoring & Maintenance Report (Apr 2015-Mar 2016)

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is a multi-purpose engineering and science laboratory owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)/National Nuclear Security Administration. SNL is managed and operated by Sandia Corporation (Sandia), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation. Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico (SNL/NM) is located within the boundaries of Kirtland Air Force Base (KAFB), southeast of the City of Albuquerque in Bernalillo County, New Mexico. The Mixed Waste Landfill (MWL) is located 4 miles south of SNL/NM central facilities and 5 miles southeast of Albuquerque International Sunport, in the north-central portion of Technical Area (TA)-III. The MWL disposal area comprises 2.6 acres. During operations, the MWL accepted containerized and other low-level radioactive waste and minor amounts of mixed waste from SNL/NM research facilities and off-site DOE and U.S. Department of Defense generators from March 1959 to December 1988. More specific information regarding the MWL inventory and past disposal practices is presented in the MWL Phase 2 RCRA Facility Investigation Report (Peace et al. September 2002) and the extensive MWL Administrative Record.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2021

Sodium Fire Collaborative Study Progress -- CNWG Fiscal Year 2020

This report discusses the progress on the collaboration between Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) on the sodium fire research in fiscal year 2020. First, the current sodium pool fire model in MELCOR, which is adapted from CONTAIN-LMR code, is discussed. The associated sodium fire input requirements are also presented. These input requirements are flexible enough to permit further model development via control functions to enhance the current model without modifying the source code. The theoretical pool fire model improvement developed at Sandia is discussed. A control function model has been developed from this improvement. Then, the validation study of the sodium pool fire model in MELCOR carried out by both Sandia and JAEA’s staff is described. To validate this pool fire model with the enhancement, a JAEA sodium pool fire experiment (F7-1 test) is used. The results of the calculation are discussed as well as suggestions for further model improvement. Finally, recommendations are made for new MELCOR simulations for next fiscal year, 2021.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2021

EHS Health Assessment & Health Action Plan Report (CY 2020)

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Employee Health Services (EHS) program believes that good health is essential to getting the most out of life, which is why we offer a variety of worksite wellness programs that put employees in control of their own health. These programs are based on current research and strategies that are proven to minimize risk and decrease the impact of illness through early detection and treatment. Services includes Health Assessments, the Virgin Pulse (VP) online wellness platform, and Health Action Plans (HAP) which include one-on-one education, organizational health initiatives, a video library, an events calendar, onsite fitness facilities, and group fitness classes. Participation in these programs help employees and their spouses earn funding for their Health Reimbursement Accounts (HRAs). The EHS Health Action Plan (HAP) initiative targets the key health risks identified through the 8-15-80 model by engaging employees to change their own healthcare story. EHS identified the most prevalent of the health risks amongst our population through Health Risk Assessment (HRA) and used that data to build Health Action Plans (HAPs). The 2020 Health Action Plans addressed improving upon inadequate sleep, lack of energy, stress, weight, physical inactivity, cardiometabolic issues (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes), low back pain, allergies, asthma, digestive health, tobacco use, and living well to maintaining low risk for those individuals who do not have a chronic condition to manage. These plans connect employees with our onsite registered dietitians, fitness professionals, health coaches, physical therapists, and physicians as appropriate. In addition to addressing the physical aspects of health, the plans also emphasized pre/post-assessments to encourage building behavioral and emotional skills that promote health and facilitate lifestyle changes over a minimum of three months. Just one risk reduction or behavior change can make an impact on the health of the participant’s Division as well as Sandia’s overall risk levels and ultimately its healthcare costs. Sandia employees achieved an Overall Wellness Score of 69 based on the WellSource Health Assessment (the same as last year). A score of 70-100 is considered “Doing Well”, and a score of 40-69 is in the “Caution” category. Overall in CY 2019, Sandia saw a 34% participation rate in Health Action Plan (HAP) programs (up from 33% in CY 2019) with an 89% completion rate (4% lower than CY 2019). Overall, 5,039 (347 more than CY 2019) individuals participated in 8,329 HAPs, which is 1,005 more than the last calendar year (7,324).

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2022

Health Management Clinic Report FY18

The Health Management Clinic (HMC) is a worksite specialty clinic designed to provide an exceptional level of health care for Sandia employees with diabetes, cholesterol and blood pressure disorders, and for those employees that need help with smoking cessation, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, or weight management. With a unified commitment to the best care practices available, the HMC is Sandia’s interface to workplace healthcare and health plan services. The HMC provides Sandia employees access to onsite screenings, health care exams, preventative health education, disease management education, care management, periodic laboratory testing, immunizations, podiatry services, and behavioral, fitness, and nutrition counseling/education. Our multidisciplinary team of health professionals consists of physicians, nurses, medical assistants, certified diabetes educators, dietitians, health educators, and exercise specialists. Services offered by the Health Management clinic have been designed to reduce further complications from disease states and promote healthy behavior changes for Sandia employees.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2023

Impact Report: Quantum Systems Accelerator

The Quantum Systems Accelerator (QSA) is a U.S. National Quantum Information Science Research Center established in August 2020 and funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. QSA is composed of 15 partner institutions— universities and national laboratories—bringing together pioneers of many of today’s unique quantum information science (QIS) and engineering capabilities. Led by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), with Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia Labs) as the lead partner, 250+ QSA researchers are catalyzing U.S. leadership in a fast-growing field that seeks solutions to the Nation’s and the world’s most pressing problems by harnessing the laws of quantum mechanics.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2023

Pioneer WEC concept design report

The "Pioneer WEC" project is targeted at developing a wave energy generator for the Coastal Surface Mooring (CSM) system within the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) Pioneer Array. The CSM utilizes solar photovoltaic and wind generation systems, along with rechargeable batteries, to power multiple sensors on the buoy and along the mooring line. This approach provides continuous power for essential controller functions and a subset of instruments, and meets the full power demand roughly 70% of the time. Sandia has been tasked with designing a wave energy system to provide additional electrical power and bring the CSM up-time for satisfying the full-power demand to 100%. This project is a collaboration between Sandia and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), along with Evergreen Innovations, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Eastern Carolina University (ECU), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This report captures Phase I of an expected two phase project and presents project scoping and concept design results.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗

DOE OSTI2023

July 2023 Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report

The Sandia National Laboratories, in California (Sandia/CA) is a research and development facility, owned by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration agency (DOE/NNSA). The laboratory is located in the City of Livermore (the City) and is comprised of approximately 410 acres. The Sandia/CA facility is operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS) under a contract with the DOE/NNSA. The DOE/ NNSA’s Sandia Field Office (SFO) oversees the operations of the site. North of the Sandia/CA facility is the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), in which Sandia/CA’s sewer system combines with before discharging to the City’s Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) for final treatment and processing. The City’s POTW authorizes the wastewater discharge from Sandia/CA via the assigned Wastewater Discharge Permit #1251 (the Permit), which is issued to the DOE/NNSA’s main office for Sandia National Laboratories, located in New Mexico (Sandia/NM). The Permit requires the submittal of this Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report to the City by the twenty-fifth day of each month.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

DOE OSTI2023

Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report for June 2023

The Sandia National Laboratories, in California (Sandia/CA) is a research and development facility, owned by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration agency (DOE/NNSA). The laboratory is located in the City of Livermore (the City) and is comprised of approximately 410 acres. The Sandia/CA facility is operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS) under a contract with the DOE/NNSA. The DOE/ NNSA’s Sandia Field Office (SFO) oversees the operations of the site. North of the Sandia/CA facility is the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), in which Sandia/CA’s sewer system combines with before discharging to the City’s Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) for final treatment and processing. The City’s POTW authorizes the wastewater discharge from Sandia/CA via the assigned Wastewater Discharge Permit #1251 (the Permit), which is issued to the DOE/NNSA’s main office for Sandia National Laboratories, located in New Mexico (Sandia/NM). The Permit requires the submittal of this Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report to the City by the twenty-fifth day of each month.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2023

Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report for March 2023

The Sandia National Laboratories, in California (Sandia/CA) is a research and development facility, owned by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration agency (DOE/NNSA). The laboratory is located in the City of Livermore (the City) and is comprised of approximately 410 acres. The Sandia/CA facility is operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS) under a contract with the DOE/NNSA. The DOE/ NNSA’s Sandia Field Office (SFO) oversees the operations of the site. North of the Sandia/CA facility is the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), in which Sandia/CA’s sewer system combines with before discharging to the City’s Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) for final treatment and processing. The City’s POTW authorizes the wastewater discharge from Sandia/CA via the assigned Wastewater Discharge Permit #1251 (the Permit), which is issued to the DOE/NNSA’s main office for Sandia National Laboratories, located in New Mexico (Sandia/NM). The Permit requires the submittal of this Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report to the City by the twenty-fifth day of each month.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2023

29 th International Training Course on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials and Nuclear Facilities (Project Summary)

Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) has hosted the International Training Course on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials and Nuclear Facilities since 1978. This course is the flagship training course of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). On behalf of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Sandia manages, develops, and coordinates all course materials, and works closely with the IAEA to arrange all logistical details for the course ITC-29 incorporated some updates to the facility models, based on feedback received in ITC-28 and the ITC-29 dry run. In addition, all the graphics were refreshed after ITC-28 and implemented in the posters, data handbooks, etc. As in ITC-28, the ITC-29 staff worked closely with the IAEA on course materials, including a peer review process to ensure all course materials were aligned with Nuclear Security Series No. 13 and other relevant international guidance documentation from the IAEA. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, ITC-29 was postponed twice and eventually took place in the late summer/early fall of 2022. Due to ongoing COVID-19 restrictions and safety requirements, the number of participants was reduced by about 31 percent from 59 participants in ITC-28 to 41 in ITC-29. As a result, the number of subgroups also decreased from eight in ITC-28 to six for ITC-29. This enabled the Sandia team to implement more opportunities for social distancing, particularly in the large classrooms. Despite the challenges, ITC-29 still passed a significant milestone, with the one-thousandth participant of the international training course attending during this event. Finally, the ITC staff continued the use of its improved method of evaluation to capture participants’ satisfaction with the updated course and to gather feedback concerning future improvements. This document provides a brief description of ITC-29, including a summary of lessons learned and key recommendations for future development efforts.

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗

DOE OSTI2024

Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report for February 2023

The Sandia National Laboratories, in California (Sandia/CA) is a research and development facility, owned by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration agency (DOE/NNSA). The laboratory is located in the City of Livermore (the City) and is comprised of approximately 410 acres. The Sandia/CA facility is operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS) under a contract with the DOE/NNSA. The DOE/ NNSA’s Sandia Field Office (SFO) oversees the operations of the site. North of the Sandia/CA facility is the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), in which Sandia/CA’s sewer system combines with before discharging to the City’s Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) for final treatment and processing. The City’s POTW authorizes the wastewater discharge from Sandia/CA via the assigned Wastewater Discharge Permit #1251 (the Permit), which is issued to the DOE/NNSA’s main office for Sandia National Laboratories, located in New Mexico (Sandia/NM). The Permit requires the submittal of this Monthly Sewer Monitoring Report to the City by the twenty-fifth day of each month.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗