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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

VUV light collection enhancement with metasurface lenses

Vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) light has applications in many areas of fundamental research and technology, including high-energy physics (HEP) experiments and especially those based on scintillation of noble elements (xenon and argon).There are persistent challenges associated with the detection of the VUV photons in particle detectors, e.g. strong absorption by structural materials and low detection efficiency of the photosensors.Metasurfaces are relatively novel nano-fabricated devices which offer unprecedented control of light with a wide field of view and diffraction-limited focusing.This contribution will present the first linear metasurface lens operating in the VUV spectral range with the measured diffraction efficiencies above 50%.The design and fabrication processes will be described in detail, as well as the characterization measurements, and possible applications in the HEP experiments will be discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2025

Exploiting Synergies Between Lensing and BAO Surveys for Improved Cosmological Constraints

Pinning down the nature of dark energy is one of the most pressing questions in modern physics and is one of the five key science drivers identified in the P5 report [P514]. Dark energy is thought to be either a cosmological constant with an equation of state w = P/ρ = −1 which remains constant at all times, a new type of fluid with an equation of state that varies with time (w ̸= constant), or dark energy might indicate a breakdown of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (GR). It is of critical importance to distinguish between these three scenarios. This can only be accomplished by ambitious and demanding measurements of both the expansion rate of the universe (to track the time evolution of dark energy) together with measurements of the rate at which cosmic structures, such as galaxies and clusters of galaxies, grow with time (the “growth rate”). Because of the challenging nature of such observations, and because no single probe simultaneously measures both expansion and growth, the Dark Energy Task Force [A+06] emphasized the importance of using multiple distinct methods to characterize dark energy.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2024

New Light on Dark Extended Lenses with the Roman Space Telescope

Abstract The Roman Space Telescope’s Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey will constitute the most sensitive microlensing survey of the Galactic bulge to date, opening up new opportunities to search for dark matter (DM). Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the formation of extended DM substructures, such as DM subhalos, boson/axion stars, and halo-dressed primordial black holes. We demonstrate that for such targets, Roman will be sensitive to a broad parameter space up to 4 orders of magnitude below existing constraints. Our analysis can be readily applied to other extended DM configurations as well.

Astronomy & Astrophysics↗