ARCS White Beam Vanadium Normalization Data for SNS Cycle 2022B (May 15 - Jun., 14, 2022)
A data set used to normalize the detector response of the ARCS instrument see ARCS_226797.md in the data set for more details.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “Instrumentation and Detectors”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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ARCS White Beam Vanadium Normalization Data for SNS Cycle 2024B
A data set used to normalize the detector response of the ARCS instrument see ARCS_269548.md in the data set for more details.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
ARCS White Beam Vanadium Normalization Data for SNS Cycle 2025B
A data set used to normalize the detector response of the ARCS instrument see ARCS_322552.md in the data set for more details.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
High Intensity Gamma Ray Source Scintillation Attenuation Spectrometer and Filter Stack Monoenergetic Calibration
The Laser-Based X-ray Radiographic Imaging team at Los Alamos National Lab is looking for a monoenergetic MeV X-ray source to both verify our Monte Carlo N-particle simulations of detector performance and calibrate the instruments for future measurements. Funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program, our overall goal is to improve the radiographic quality and reliability of laser-based X-ray sources for deployment at both dynamic and static radiography facilities. Laser-based X-ray sources have demonstrated smaller spot sizes to current electron accelerator based sources. The smaller laser spot size leads to significantly improved resolution.
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
Superconducting magnetic spectrometer for cosmic ray nuclei.
This paper describes the design, calibration, and operation of a magnetic spectrometer for particle astronomy. The spectrometer consists of a superconducting magnet, optical spark chambers, scintillation detectors, and associated electronics. The instrument has been flown in a balloon gondola to 4.8 g/sq cm residual atmosphere, where it was used to analyze the charge and differential rigidity spectra of primary nuclei from 5 to 100 GeV/c.
Smith, L. H.↗
Results of the asteroid-meteoroid particle experiment on Pioneer 11
The Asteroid-Meteoroid Detector, an electro-optical instrument that detects and measures particles in space by sensing the sunlight reflected from them, is part of the payload of both the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft. The Pioneer 11 instrument is essentially identical to that on Pioneer 10, with some minor modifications. Reduction of the Pioneer 11 data was complicated by the failure of one of the four sensor channels at about 1.1 AU from the sun. Detailed analysis yielded 51 events between 1.0 and 3.5 AU, which were used to determine the particle concentration distribution in that region of space. Weighted curve-fitting of the results shows agreement with the concentrations derived from Pioneer 10 to within about a factor of two. As with the Pioneer 10 results, the exponent of the size dependency varies from about -1.7 for 100-micron radius particles to about -3.2 for 10-cm bodies. The instrument, its operation, and the method of data analysis are reviewed.
Soberman, R. K.↗
Frequency domain measurement systems
Stable frequency sources and signal processing blocks were characterized by their noise spectra, both discrete and random, in the frequency domain. Conventional measures are outlined, and systems for performing the measurements are described. Broad coverage of system configurations which were found useful is given. Their functioning and areas of application are discussed briefly. Particular attention is given to some of the potential error sources in the measurement procedures, system configurations, double-balanced-mixer-phase-detectors, and application of measuring instruments.
Eischer, M. C.↗
Impact of Saturn ring particles on Pioneer 11
The detection of particles near the rings of Saturn by the meteoroid detection instrument on board Pioneer 11 is discussed. The instrument consists of 234 penetration detectors, distributed between two independent data channels each of which is designed to become inhibited for a period of 77 min after the registration of a penetration event in that channel. At least four particles penetrated the detectors in the 4.5 h period around Saturn periapsis at radial distances between 1.36 and 3.1 Saturn radii, a radial distribution inconsistent with the gravitational focusing of meteoroids. The detection of particles which may have been part of the E ring before the crossing of the ring plane suggests that this ring may be 1800 km thick, with an optical thickness greater than 10 to the -8th.
Humes, D. H.↗
A wide-field soft X-ray camera
A wide-field soft X-ray camera (WFSXC) sensitive in the 50 to 250 eV band is described. The camera features Wolter-Schwarzschild optics with an 8 degree field of view and 300 cu cu collecting area. The focal plane instrument is a microchannel plate detector. Broad-band energy discrimination is provided by thin-film filters mounted immediately in front of the focal plane. The WFSXC is capable of detecting sources with intensities greater than 5 percent of HZ 43 during typical sounding rocket exposures, and it would approach the same sensitivity range as EUVE during a typical exposure from the Shuttle.
Petre, R.↗
The HEAO-3 high resolution gamma-ray spectrometer
Features and results produced by the HEAO 3 spacecraft gamma ray spectrometer are outlined. The instrument had high resolution germanium detectors, each 55 mm diam and 45 mm long, surrounded by a cesium iodide anticoincidence shield with four quadrants of well-crystal and a collimayor crystal. The crystals had a total effective area of 70 sq cm at 100 keV and 26.4 sq cm at .511 MeV with a spectral resolution at launch of .23 percent at 1.33 MeV. The spacecraft travels a circular orbit of 500 km altitude with an inclination of 43.6 deg. Solid methane and ammonia cryogenic fluids refrigerated the crystals for 8.5 mos, after which the shield crystals functioned as isotropic detectors for solar flare events and gamma ray bursts until mission termination in May 1981. A total of 37 solar flare type events were observed, with gamma ray events occurring with flares of class X1 or stronger.
Jacobson, A. S.↗
Honeywell multispectral linear array (MLA) instrument design A system overview
In support of NASA's Experimental Land Observing System, a simple, reliable and relatively inexpensive multispectral linear array (MLA) instrument concept has been developed. The design satisfies requirements for multichannel radiometry and wide field imaging. A reflective off-axis anastigmat telescope is mounted in a highly strength-to-weight efficient truss structure, coupled to a solid beamsplitter assembly. Attention is given to the optical design of the MLA instrument, the telescope structure, the detector arrays, detector cooling, on-orbit calibration, signal processing electronics, the spacecraft interfaces, the modulation transfer function, the signal-to-noise ratio, radiometric accuracy, and spatial registration.
Eyring, D.↗
Far Infrared Spectroscopy of (O III) in M82
Emission lines at 52 and 88 micron from O III in the galaxy M82 were observed with the cooled grating spectrometer aboard the Kuiper Airborne Observatory. Raw spectra were corrected for telluric water vapor absorption, instrument response function, and relative detector response by ratioing to a spectrum of Saturn or Mars taken on the same flight. An average electron density Pn regions where oxygen is doubly ionized was derived. The electron density calculated for M 82 is significantly lower than those found in the galaxy using the same method. Results suggest that observations of the galaxy made from a great distance would yield a higher electron density than observed in M82.
Duffy, P.↗
An intermediate-sensitivity survey at high Galactic latitude with HEAO A-1
A 314 square degree region of sky at high galactic latitude was mapped in 0.5-20 keV X-rays using summed data from the HEAO A-1 experiment. 21 sources are detected above a 5 sigma threshold corresponding to a limiting flux of about 0.2 UFU. This limit is at a decade intermediate to those achieved in the full-sky surveys, Uhuru, Ariel 5, and the HEAO A-2 experiment, and to those achieved in the Einstein partial-sky surveys. The HEAO A-1 detectors also complement these other instruments in terms of spectral response characteristics. A table of source intensities and positional error boxes for the 21 source detections is presented. A graphical representation of the positional error boxes is also presented. Identifications for 14 sources are proposed. A number-flux curve representing all high galactic latitude X-ray sources detected with HEAO A-1 has been constructed. The number-flux curve appears to be consistent with d log N/d log S = -1.5.
Shrader, C. R.↗
Stratospheric limb radiance simulations for the HCl channel of CLAES
The earthlimb radiance of the HCl detector array of the CLAES instrument is simulated in order to specify and optimize the free spectral range for the etalon used in this spectral region and to select sampling positions which facilitate the recovery of HCl profiles. Considerations entering into the limb radiance computation of each contributing species are discussed. Simulations are then presented for tangent heights of 15 to 5 km for daytime and nighttime conditions, and their significance for HCl retrievals is addressed. The simulation results indicate that the HCl (P2) feature should be observable in the earth limb emission spectrum, and that an etalon with an FSR of 12.6/cm optimally avoids interference from OH emission lines blended with the HCl feature by adjacent transmission peaks.
Mergenthaler, J. L.↗
Development of a motorized cryovalve for the control of superfluid liquid helium
Recent advances in the technology of infrared detectors have made possible a wide range of scientific measurements and investigations. One of the requirements for the use of sensitive IR detectors is that the entire instrument be cooled to temperatures approaching absolute zero. The cryogenic cooling system for these instruments is commonly designed as a large dewar containing liquid helium which completely surrounds the apparatus. Thus, there is a need for a remotely controlled, motorized cryovalve that is simple, reliable, and compact and can operate over extended periods of time in cryo-vac conditions. The design, development, and test of a motorized cryovalve with application to a variety of cryogenic systems currently under development is described.
Lorell, K. R.↗
Compact imaging spectrometer for induced emissions
On the basis of spectral measurements made from the Space Shuttle and on models of the possible Space Station external environment, it appears likely that, even at the planned altitudes of Space Station, photon emissions will be induced. These emissions will occur to some degree throughout the ultraviolet-visible-infrared spectrum. The emissions arise from a combination of processes including gas phase collisions between relatively energetic ambient and surface emitted or re-emitted atoms or molecules, where the surface raises some species to excited energy states. At the present time it is not possible to model these processes or the anticipated intensity levels with any accuracy, as a number of fundamental parameters needed for such calculations are still poorly known or unknown. However, it is possible that certain spectral line and band features will exceed the desired goal that concomitant emissions not exceed the natural zodiacal background. Also, in the near infrared and infrared, it appears that this level will be exceeded to a significant degree. Therefore it will be necessary to monitor emission levels in the vicinity of Space Station, both in order to establish the levels and to better model the environment. A small spectrometer is briefly described which is suitable for monitoring the spectrum from 1200 A to less than or equal to 12,000 A. The instrument uses focal plane array detectors to image this full spectral range simultaneously. The spectral resolution is 4 to 12 A, depending on the portion of the wavelength range.
Torr, Douglas G.↗
Infrared measurements in the spring 1987 ozone hole
Solar spectra were recorded from Arrival Heights (McMurdo), Antartica, with a FTIR system during the austral spring of 1987. Spectra were recorded on 22 days from September 13 through October 28. The instrument was setup with 2 detectors for simultaneous operation in 2 wavelength regions. Several stratospheric gases have measurable absorptions in these regions including HCl, HNO3, O3, ClONO2, and NO2. The system is equipped with an automatic solar tracking system and records data on tape cartridges. A portable personal computer allows Fourier transforming and initial processing of some of the data. The HNO3 gas column amount shows large variations, but no apparent correlation with stratospheric temperature. The HCl column shows a steady increase from 0.9 x 10 to the 15th power molecules/sq.cm. on September 13 to 1.5 x 10 to the 15th power on October 6. McMurdo moved out of the polar vortex for a few days, and the HCl column jumped to 2.9 x 10 to the 15th power by October 11. Although McMurdo moved back under the vortex, the HCl continued to increase, reaching 3.4 x 10 to the 15th power at the end of the period.
Murcray, F. J.↗
A compact imaging spectrometer for studies of space vehicle induced environment emissions
On the basis of spectral measurements made from the Space Shuttle and on models of the possible Space Station external environment, it appears likely that, even at the planned altitudes of Space Station, photon emissions will be induced. These emissions will occur to some degree throughout the UV-visible-IR spectrum. The emissions arise from a combination of processes including gas phase collisions between relatively energetic ambient and surface emitted or re-emitted atoms or molecules, where the surface raises some species to excited energy states. At present it is not possible to model these processes or the anticipated intensity levels with accuracy, as a number of fundamental parameters needed for such calculations are still poorly known or unknown. However, it is possible that certain spectral line and band features will exceed the desired goal that contaminant emissions not exceed the natural zodiacal background. However, in the near infrared and infrared, it appears that this level will be exceeded to a significant degree. Therefore it will be necessary to monitor emission levels in the vicinity of Space Station, both in order to establish the levels and to better model the environment. In this note, we briefly describe a small spectrometer that is suitable for monitoring the spectrum from 1200A to less than or approximately 12,000A. This instrument uses focal plane array detectors to image this full spectral range simultaneously. The spectral resolution is 4 to 12A, depending on the portion of the wavelength range.
Torr, Marsha R.↗