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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 649 records · Page 36
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Broadband laser output by application of stimulated rotational Raman scattering during high-intensity propagation of laser pulses with modified spectral profiles

Research at the Naval Research Laboratory pursues advanced laser technologies that can mitigate laser plasma instabilities (LPI) in applications such as inertial confinement fusion. Increased laser bandwidth is currently being developed as a strategy to suppress LPI. In particular, stimulated rotational Raman scattering (SRRS) has been demonstrated using the Nike krypton fluoride (KrF) laser facility as a viable method for enhancing bandwidth. The technique is applicable to other large laser facilities. Through a combination of high-intensity propagation and optimization of the laser spectrum in the low-energy stages of the laser, the output spectrum of Nike has been broadened with SRRS from its standard operating value of 1 THz full width at half-maximum (FWHM) bandwidth to span a range greater than 4.5 THz. This amount of bandwidth has been shown in simulations to be effective for mitigation of slow-growth laser plasma instabilities, such as cross-beam energy transport (CBET).

Optics↗
DOE OSTI2023

Single-pixel reconstructive mid-infrared micro-spectrometer

Miniaturized spectrometers in the mid-infrared (MIR) are critical in developing next-generation portable electronics for advanced sensing and analysis. The bulky gratings or detector/filter arrays in conventional micro-spectrometers set a physical limitation to their miniaturization. In this work, we demonstrate a single-pixel MIR micro-spectrometer that reconstructs the sample transmission spectrum by a spectrally dispersed light source instead of spatially grated light beams. The spectrally tunable MIR light source is realized based on the thermal emissivity engineered via the metal-insulator phase transition of vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ). We validate the performance by showing that the transmission spectrum of a magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ) sample can be computationally reconstructed from sensor responses at varied light source temperatures. With potentially minimum footprint due to the array-free design, our work opens the possibility where compact MIR spectrometers are integrated into portable electronic systems for versatile applications.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Room temperature plasma-etching and surface passivation of far-ultraviolet Al mirrors using electron beam generated plasmas

The development of optical systems operating in the far ultraviolet range (FUV, λ=100-200 nm) is limited by the efficiency of passivated aluminum (Al) mirrors. Although it is presently possible to obtain high-reflectivity FUV mirrors through physical vapor deposition, the process involves deposition with substrates at high temperatures, which is technically challenging for large optical elements. A novel passivation procedure for bare Al mirrors is reported. The treatment consisted of using a low-temperature electron-beam generated plasma produced in a gas mixture of Ar and SF6 to etch away the native oxide layer from the Al film, while simultaneously promoting the generation of a thin aluminum tri-fluoride (AlF3) layer on the Al surface. In the first section we analyze the effect of varying both ion energy and SF6 concentration on the FUV reflectance, thickness, composition, and surface morphology of the resulting AlF3 protective layers. In the second section, the reflectivity of samples is optimized at selected important FUV wavelengths for astronomical observations. Notably, samples attained state-of-the-art reflectances of 75% at 108.5 nm (He Lyman γ), 91% at 121.6 nm (H Lyman α), 90% at 130.4 nm (OI), and of 95% at 155.0 nm (C IV). The stability over time of these passivated mirrors is also investigated.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Wetting behaviors of fluoroterpolymer fiber films

Various aspects of electrospun fibers prepared from terpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), and vinylidene fluoride (VDF) (THV)/acetone solutions at two applied voltages, THV/acetone solutions having Texas montmorillonite with two ratios, and THV/ethyl acetate solutions using two needle sizes are described. Fibers from THV/acetone and THV/ethyl acetate solutions showed shallow indentations and pores, respectively. The clay, functioning as electrospinning agent, did not influence the fiber morphology, but yielded narrower fiber diameter distribution and the thinnest fibers. Heterogeneous fiber diameter distribution and increase in the fiber diameters were observed by lowering the voltage for fibers of THV/acetone solutions. Fibers from THV/ethyl acetate solutions had the largest diameter and the broadest diameter distribution. Electrospun THV fibers having both hydrophobic characteristics with nearly 140° water contact angles and oleophilic properties with oil contact angles less than 45° might have applications in areas such as water/oil separation.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2026

Anion Data for the East River Watershed, Colorado (2014-2025)

The anion data for the East River Watershed, Colorado, consist of fluoride, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate concentrations collected at multiple, long-term monitoring sites that include stream, groundwater, and spring sampling locations. These locations represent important and/or unique end-member locations for which solute concentrations can be diagnostic of the connection between terrestrial and aquatic systems. Such locations include drainages underlined entirely or largely by shale bedrock, land covered dominated by conifers, aspens, or meadows, and drainages impacted by historic mining activity and the presence of naturally mineralized rock. Developing a long-term record of solute concentrations from a diversity of environments is a critical component of quantifying the impacts of both climate change and discrete climate perturbations, such as drought, forest mortality, and wildfire, on the riverine export of multiple anionic species. Such data may be combined with stream gauging stations co-located at each monitoring site to directly quantify the seasonal and annual mass flux of these anionic species out of the watershed. This data package contains (1) a zip file (anion_data_2014_2025.zip) containing a total of 386 files: 387 data files of anion data from across the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) which is reported in .csv files per location and a locations.csv (1 file) with latitude and longitude for each location; (2) a file-level metadata (v7_20260901_flmd.csv) file that lists each file contained in the dataset with associated metadata; (3) a data dictionary (v7_20260901_dd.csv) file that contains terms/column_headers used throughout the files along with a definition, units, and data type; and (4) a anion MDL fact sheet (anion_MDLs_202608 in PDF and docx formats). Missing values within the anion data files are noted as either "-9999" or "0.0" for not detectable (N.D.) data. There are a total of 47 locations containing anion data. Update on 2022-06-10: versioned updates to this dataset was made along with these changes: (1) updated anion data for all locations up to 2021-12-31, (2) removal of units from column headers in datafiles, (3) added row underneath headers to contain units of variables, (4) restructure of units to comply with CSV reporting format requirements, and (5) the addition of the file-level metadata (flmd.csv) and data dictionary (dd.csv) were added to comply with the File-Level Metadata Reporting Format. Update on 2022-09-09: Updates were made to reporting format specific files (file-level metadata and data dictionary) to correct swapped file names, add additional details on metadata descriptions on both files, add a header_row column to enable parsing, and add version number and date to file names (v2_20220909_flmd.csv and v2_20220909_dd.csv). Update on 2022-12-20: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. Conversion issues affecting ER-PLM locations for anion data was resolved for the data files. Additionally, the flmd and dd files were updated to reflect the updated versions of these files. Available data was added up until 2022-03-14. Update on 2023-08-08: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until 2023-05-19. The file level metadata and data dictionary files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2024-03-11: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until 2023-09-11. Further, revisions to the data files were made to remove incorrect data points (from 1970 and 2001). The reporting format specific files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2025-05-15: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until the end of WY2024 (September 30, 2024). International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSNs), when registered, were added to the data files. The reporting format specific files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2026-09-01: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until the end of WY2025 (September 30, 2025). An anion MDL document was included in this update.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Solute chemistry for streams draining geomorphic features and varying land cover gradients in the East River watershed, Colorado

This dataset contains solute chemistry data and GPS coordinates for surface water samples collected in the East River watershed in the Elk and West Elk Ranges of Colorado from August 3rd through August 11th, 2022. Samples were collected from streams and groundwater seeps as part of a comprehensive analysis within the watershed of how different geomorphic features (such as landslides and rock glaciers) along with variations in land cover (such as the presence of vegetation) affect stream water quality in this Rocky Mountain headwater environment. This dataset includes concentrations of the following in a single csv file: fluoride, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, silicon, and total organic carbon (TOC). All concentrations are reported in mg/L. The sulfate data in this version have been updated to account for an earlier ion chromatograph instrument method error whereby sulfate and bromide peaks overlapped in calibration solution samples, biasing calculated sulfate concentrations low by 30-50%. Sulfate data reported herein are from a re-run of the samples performed in December 2024 using a corrected instrument method. All samples were stored under refrigerated conditions and filtered on initial collection.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Denudation, solute export, landscape evolution modeling, and geographic information system data for the East River watershed, Colorado, USA (2020-2024)

This data package contains geographic information system (GIS) layers and tabular datasets associated with the study of lithologic controls on denudation, solute export, carbon-scaling relationships, and transient landscape evolution in the East River watershed near Crested Butte, Colorado, USA. The package includes GIS layers used to produce the Figure 2 map, including drainage, hillshade, lithology, sample locations, and basin polygons, together with comma-separated value (CSV) tables and matching CSV data dictionaries. One group of tables reports sample-level and catchment-level information for river-sediment samples analyzed for in situ-produced cosmogenic beryllium-10 (10Be), including sample names, outlet elevations, geographic coordinates, upstream drainage area, rock-type classes, production-rate scaling scheme, analyzed nuclide, catchment-averaged denudation rates, and associated lower and upper analytical uncertainties. Sample and catchment attributes provide the basis for comparing denudation rates across intrusive, shale, sedimentary, and mixed-lithology settings. A second group of tables reports supporting information for landscape-evolution modeling and the mapped geologic framework of the study area. Included files list parameter values and definitions for the two-phase landscape-evolution simulations, summarize full-domain model erosion fluxes and topographic metrics for different simulation configurations, provide a fixed-area carbon-model scaling table, and summarize mapped geologic units within the East River study domain, including geologic code, formation name, lithologic description, mapped area, and lithologic class grouping. Model outputs and geologic summaries support interpretation of transient landscape behavior and its relation to the mapped distribution of shale, intrusive, sedimentary, and surficial units. A third group of tables reports hydrologic and hydrochemical information used to quantify dissolved export from the watershed. Included files provide site-level values for drainage area, mean annual solute export, standard error of annual export, area-normalized solute yield, and equivalent weathering rate for five East River monitoring sites, along with metadata describing the number, sampling cadence, and date range of discharge records and partial and full total dissolved solids observations used in the solute-yield analyses. The package also contains a supplementary daily ion-load time series with daily mean discharge, discharge observation counts, dissolved concentrations, and daily loads for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, fluoride, dissolved silica, charge-balance bicarbonate, and total dissolved solids. The package contains GIS files, comma-separated value files (.csv), CSV data dictionaries, a file-level metadata table, a package-tree text file, and a readme text file.

10Be↗
DOE OSTI2020

Fused filament fabrication of polymer composites for extreme environments

Vast improvements have been made to the capabilities of advanced manufacturing (AM), yet there are still limitations on which materials can effectively be used in the technology. To this end, parts created using AM would benefit from the ability to be developed from feedstock materials incorporating additional functionality. A common three-dimensional (3D) printing polymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, was combined with bismuth and polyvinylidene fluoride via a solvent treatment to fabricate multifunctional composite materials for AM. Composites of varying weight percent loadings were extruded into filaments, which were subsequently 3D printed into blocks via fused filament fabrication. Investigating the material properties demonstrated that in addition to the printed blocks successfully performing as radiation shields, the chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties are suitable for AM. Thus, this work demonstrates that it is possible to enhance AM components with augmented capabilities while not significantly altering the material properties which make AM possible.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SOF2 by Materials Project

SOF2 is Ammonia-derived structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight thionyl fluoride molecules. S4+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one O2- and two F1- atoms. The S–O bond length is 1.44 Å. Both S–F bond lengths are 1.63 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S4+ atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S4+ atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on ClF by Materials Project

ClF is alpha carbon monoxide-like structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four chlorine fluoride molecules. Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one F atom. The Cl–F bond length is 1.69 Å. F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SClO2F by Materials Project

SO2ClF crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pca2_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight sulfuryl chloride fluoride molecules. S6+ is bonded in a distorted tetrahedral geometry to two O2-, one Cl1-, and one F1- atom. There is one shorter (1.42 Å) and one longer (1.43 Å) S–O bond length. The S–Cl bond length is 2.00 Å. The S–F bond length is 1.59 Å. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S6+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S6+ atom. Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S6+ atom. F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S6+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CSNO2F3 by Materials Project

CF3SO2N crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of twelve formyl fluoride molecules and twelve NS(O)F2 clusters. In four of the NS(O)F2 clusters, N5+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. The N–S bond length is 1.50 Å. S2- is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to one N5+, one O2-, and two F1- atoms. The S–O bond length is 1.41 Å. Both S–F bond lengths are 1.57 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In eight of the NS(O)F2 clusters, N5+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. The N–S bond length is 1.50 Å. S2- is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to one N5+, one O2-, and two F1- atoms. The S–O bond length is 1.41 Å. There is one shorter (1.57 Å) and one longer (1.58 Å) S–F bond length. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SiH12N2(O2F3)2 by Materials Project

H2SiF2(NH2OF)2(H3OF)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four difluorosilane molecules, four hydrogen molecules, eight water-hydrogen fluoride molecules, and eight NH2OF clusters. In each NH2OF cluster, N1- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two H1+ and one O2- atom. There is one shorter (1.06 Å) and one longer (1.52 Å) N–H bond length. The N–O bond length is 1.21 Å. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one N1- and one F1- atom. The H–F bond length is 1.03 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N1- atom. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N1- atom. F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one H1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on S(OF)2 by Materials Project

SO2F2 is Iron carbide-derived structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal P4_12_12 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four sulfuryl fluoride molecules. S6+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to two equivalent O2- and two equivalent F1- atoms. Both S–O bond lengths are 1.42 Å. Both S–F bond lengths are 1.57 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S6+ atom. F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S6+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CdSn3F6 by Materials Project

Cd(SnF2)3 is Cyanogen Chloride-like structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one cadmium molecule and three tin(ii) fluoride molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cr3HgF6 by Materials Project

Hg(CrF2)3 is Cyanogen Chloride-like structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of three chromium(ii) fluoride molecules and one mercury molecule.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Be(NF2)2 by Materials Project

BeF2(NF)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four beryllium fluoride molecules and eight monofluoroamine molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Fe(NF2)3 by Materials Project

FeF3(NF)3 is alpha bismuth trifluoride structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one ferric fluoride molecule and three monofluoroamine molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗