Results for “generalized predictive control” — Page 35

DOE OSTI2021

Crystal phases of charged interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures

Throughout the years, strongly correlated coherent states of excitons have been the subject of intense theoretical and experimental studies. This topic has recently boomed due to new emerging quantum materials such as van der Waals (vdW) bound atomically thin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). We analyze the collective properties of charged interlayer excitons observed recently in bilayer TMD heterostructures. We predict strongly correlated phases—crystal and Wigner crystal—that can be selectively realized with TMD bilayers of properly chosen electron-hole effective masses by just varying their interlayer separation distance. Our results can be used for nonlinear coherent control, charge transport and spinoptronics application development with quantum vdW heterostuctures.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2024

Controlling laser-dressed resonance line shape using attosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulse with a spectral minimum

High-harmonic generation from a gas target exhibits sharp spectral features and rapid phase variation near the Cooper minimum. By applying spectral filtering, shaped isolated attosecond pulses can be generated where the pulse is split into two in the time domain. Using such shaped extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses, we theoretically study attosecond transient absorption (ATA) spectra of helium 2s2p autoionizing state which is resonantly coupled to the 2s 2 dark state by a time-delayed infrared laser. Our simulations show that the asymmetric 2s2p Fano line shape can be readily tuned into symmetric Lorentzian within the time delay of a few tens of attoseconds. Such efficient control is due to the destructive interference in the generation of the 2s2p state when it is excited by a strongly shaped XUV pulse. This is to be compared to prior experiments where tuning the line shape of a Fano resonance would take tens of femtoseconds. We also show that the predicted ATA spectral line shape can be observed experimentally after propagation in a gas medium. Our results suggest that strongly shaped attosecond XUV pulses offer the opportunity for controlling and probing fine features of narrow resonances on the few-ten attoseconds timescale.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

NASA NTRS2007

Modeling of Compressible Flow with Friction and Heat Transfer Using the Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP)

The present paper describes the verification and validation of a quasi one-dimensional pressure based finite volume algorithm, implemented in Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP), for predicting compressible flow with friction, heat transfer and area change. The numerical predictions were compared with two classical solutions of compressible flow, i.e. Fanno and Rayleigh flow. Fanno flow provides an analytical solution of compressible flow in a long slender pipe where incoming subsonic flow can be choked due to friction. On the other hand, Raleigh flow provides analytical solution of frictionless compressible flow with heat transfer where incoming subsonic flow can be choked at the outlet boundary with heat addition to the control volume. Nonuniform grid distribution improves the accuracy of numerical prediction. A benchmark numerical solution of compressible flow in a converging-diverging nozzle with friction and heat transfer has been developed to verify GFSSP's numerical predictions. The numerical predictions compare favorably in all cases.

Bandyopadhyay, Alak↗

NASA NTRS1993

TOPEX Microwave Radiometer Thermal Control: Post-System-Test Modifications and On-Orbit Performance

The Topex Microwave Radiometer has had an excellent thermal performance since launch. The instrument, however, went through a hardware modification right before launch to correct for athermal design inadequacy that was uncovered during the spacecraft thermal vacuum test. This paper reports on how the initially obscure problem was tracked down, and how the thermal models were revised, validated, and utilized to investigate the solution options and guide the hardware modification decisions. Details related to test data interpretation, analytical uncertainties, and model-prediction vs. test-data correlation, are documented. Instrument/spacecraft interface issues, where the problem originated and where in general pitfalls abound, are dealt with specifically. Finally, on-orbit thermal performance data are presented, which exhibit good agreement with flight predictions, and lessons learned are discussed.

Lin, Edward I.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Topex Microwave Radiometer thermal control - Post-system-test modifications and on-orbit performance

The Topex Microwave Radiometer has had an excellent thermal performance since launch. The instrument, however, went through a hardware modification right before launch to correct for a thermal design inadequacy that was uncovered during the spacecraft thermal vacuum test. This paper reports on how the initially obscure problem was tracked down, and how the thermal models were revised, validated, and utilized to investigate the solution options and guide the hardware modification decisions. Details related to test data interpretation, analytical uncertainties, and model-prediction vs. test-data correlation, are documented. Instrument/spacecraft interface issues, where the problem originated and where in general pitfalls abound, are dealt with specifically. Finally, on-orbit thermal performance data are presented, which exhibit good agreement with flight predictions, and lessons learned are discussed.

Lin, Edward I.↗

NASA NTRS1979

Quiet short-haul research aircraft familiarization document

The design features and general characteristics of the NASA Quiet Short-Haul Research Aircraft are described. Aerodynamic characteristics and performance are discussed based on predictions and early flight-test data. Principle airplane systems, including the airborne data-acquisition system, are also described. The aircraft was designed and built to fulfill the need for a national research facility to explore the use of upper surface-blowing propulsive-lift technology in providing short takeoff and landing capability, and perform advanced experiments in various technical disciplines such as aerodynamics, propulsion, stability and control, handling qualities, avionics and flight-control systems, trailing-vortex phenomena, acoustics, structure and loads, operating systems, human factors, and airworthiness/certification criteria. An unusually austere approach using experimental shop practices resulted in a low cost and high research capability.

Mccracken, R. C.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Ratchetting behavior in viscoplasticity - A technical note

Viscoplastic models that use the Armstrong and Frederick (1966) kinematic hardening relationship are known to generally overpredict the observed accumulation of ratchet strains. The reason for this behavior is a consequence of the mathematics used to describe Hooke's law and the evolution equations for plastic strain and back stress. Conditions for ratchetting exist whenever there is a cycle-averaged mean stress present over a cyclic loading path. Two types of controlled loading paths are often studied: cyclic relaxation is the ratchet mechanism associated with displacement (strain) control, while cyclic creep is the ratchet mechanism associated with load (stress) control. Overcoming the possible adverse trends in predicted ratchetting behavior is a difficult task, and how one ought to go about doing this is not yet completely clear. We therefore choose to discuss the mathematical cause of ratchetting and how it has been dealt with to date, but make no attempt to correct this flaw.

Freed, Alan D.↗

NASA NTRS1940

Spin Tests of a Low-lying Monoplane in Flight and in the Free-spinning Wind Tunnel

Comparative full-scale and model spin tests were made with a low-lying monoplane in order to extend the available information as to the utility of the free-spinning wind tunnel as an aid in predicting full-scale spin characteristics. For a given control disposition the model indicated steeper spins than were actually obtained with the airplane, the difference being most pronounced for spins with elevators up. Recovery characteristics for the model, on the whole, agreed with those for the airplane, but a disagreement was noted for the case of recovery with elevators held full up. Free-spinning wind-tunnel tests are a useful aid in estimating spin characteristics of airplanes, but it must be appreciated that model results can give only general indications of full-scale behavior.

Seidman, Oscar↗

DOE OSTI2025

Predictive turbulence-driven flux model of scrape-off layer widths across confinement regimes in tokamaks

Reliable scrape-off layer (SOL) profile decay lengths predictions are needed to design and operate future tokamaks. The present manuscript describes a new model based on turbulent transport that is able to predict SOL widths for both L-mode and H-mode plasmas. The model is based upon the sheared-spectral filament paradigm (Peret et al (WEST Team) 2022 Phys. Plasmas 29 072306), however, incorporating the effects of thermal transport in order to calculate the parallel heat fluxes. The effects of magnetic shear and ExB shear on the cross-field transport are crucial to explain the shorter SOL decay lengths found in H-mode. The model is validated against a database of thousands of DIII-D L-mode and H-mode SOL profiles. We also calculate SOL decay length predictions in terms of plasma and engineer control parameters, which are in agreement with the multi-machine empirical H-mode scaling (Eich et al (ASDEX Upgrade Team and JET EFDA Contributors) 2013 Nucl. Fusion 53 093031), however, with an additional device geometry dependence. ITER SOL width predictions by the model are 3 times higher than the empirical scaling.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2020

Polymorphic Metastability in Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Metastable polymorphs of inorganic solids often possess material properties not present in the corresponding thermodynamic polymorphs, making them targets for the development of new functional materials. In contrast with isolating metastable bulk materials, syntheses of metastable polymorphs on the nanoscale are aided by fast non-equilibrium reaction kinetics and the favorable thermodynamic influence of surface energies, giving rise to greater ease of access to metastable high-temperature polymorphs and, in some cases, new polymorphs that do not exist in the bulk. The syntheses of metastable semiconductor nanocrystals are of interest for their potentially unique optoelectronic and physicochemical properties. However, in many material systems, synthesizing nanocrystalline products away from thermodynamic equilibrium in a predictable manner remains an outstanding challenge. This review outlines direct synthetic methodologies that have been developed to enable control over the nucleation and growth of metastable polymorphs of semiconductor nanocrystals by tailoring reaction conditions, precursor kinetics, ligand and surface effects, and other synthetic levers. The case studies reviewed herein expound on the direct syntheses of metastable ZnSe, Cu 2 SnSe 3 , CuInSe 2 , Ag 2 Se, and AgInSe 2 nanocrystals, and although there remain numerous examples of metastable nanocrystal syntheses outside of these metal chalcogenide systems, the concepts discussed are of general utility to the field of metastable nanocrystal syntheses as a whole. Explicit examples in which new functional properties are afforded by metastable polymorphs of the aforementioned material systems are presented within the context of applications for solar cells, photonics, and optical sensing. Finally, the factors that affect the kinetic persistence of metastable nanocrystalline polymorphs are discussed at length for these material systems.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

NASA NTRS1976

Viking telecommunication effects of GEOS satellite interference based on testing at the Madrid deep space station

In support of the ongoing NASA-European Space Agency (ESA) effort to understand and control possible interference between missions, testing was conducted at the Madrid Deep Space Station from July 1975 to February 1976 to characterize the effect on Viking 1975 telecommunication link performance of Geodetic Earth-Orbiting Satellite (GEOS) downlink signals. The prime use of the data was to develop a capability to predict GEOS interference effects for evaluation of Viking 1975 mission impacts and possible temporary GEOS shutdown. Also, the data would serve as a basis for assessment of the GEOS impact on missions other than Viking as well as for more general interference applications. Performances of the reference receiver, telemetry, and planetary ranging were measured in the presence of various types of GEOS-related interference, including an unmodulated GEOS carrier and simulation of the actual spectrum by an ESA-supplied GEOS suitcase model.

Stuhr, F. V.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Estimation of aerodynamic parameters from flight data of a high incidence research model

A procedure for the determination of an aerodynamic model structure and aerodynamic parameters is applied to flight data from a high-incidence research model (HIRM) within an angle of attack range of 18 to 40 degrees. The HIRM is a three-surface unpowered model with a swept wing, an all-moving canard and stabilator, and a vertical tail with rudder. The motion of the HIRM was excited first by its release from the helicopter and then by the activation of control surfaces. This paper briefly describes the model, flight and wind tunnel data available, equations of motion and techniques for data analysis. The results presented contain an example of a measured data compatibility and the variation of some important stability derivatives with the angle of attack and canard setting. The derivatives were obtained from various maneuvers and subsets of joined data from several maneuvers by using a stepwise-regression technique. These derivatives agreed, in general, with the results of wind-tunnel measurements. The resulting lateral aerodynamic model equations could predict the motion of the HIRM reasonably well.

Klein, V.↗

NASA NTRS2007

Flight Test Results from the NF-15B Intelligent Flight Control System (IFCS) Project with Adaptation to a Simulated Stabilator Failure

Adaptive flight control systems have the potential to be more resilient to extreme changes in airplane behavior. Extreme changes could be a result of a system failure or of damage to the airplane. A direct adaptive neural-network-based flight control system was developed for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration NF-15B Intelligent Flight Control System airplane and subjected to an inflight simulation of a failed (frozen) (unmovable) stabilator. Formation flight handling qualities evaluations were performed with and without neural network adaptation. The results of these flight tests are presented. Comparison with simulation predictions and analysis of the performance of the adaptation system are discussed. The performance of the adaptation system is assessed in terms of its ability to decouple the roll and pitch response and reestablish good onboard model tracking. Flight evaluation with the simulated stabilator failure and adaptation engaged showed that there was generally improvement in the pitch response; however, a tendency for roll pilot-induced oscillation was experienced. A detailed discussion of the cause of the mixed results is presented.

Bosworth, John T.↗

NASA NTRS2007

Flight Test Results from the NF-15B Intelligent Flight Control System (IFCS) Project with Adaptation to a Simulated Stabilator Failure

Adaptive flight control systems have the potential to be more resilient to extreme changes in airplane behavior. Extreme changes could be a result of a system failure or of damage to the airplane. A direct adaptive neural-network-based flight control system was developed for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration NF-15B Intelligent Flight Control System airplane and subjected to an inflight simulation of a failed (frozen) (unmovable) stabilator. Formation flight handling qualities evaluations were performed with and without neural network adaptation. The results of these flight tests are presented. Comparison with simulation predictions and analysis of the performance of the adaptation system are discussed. The performance of the adaptation system is assessed in terms of its ability to decouple the roll and pitch response and reestablish good onboard model tracking. Flight evaluation with the simulated stabilator failure and adaptation engaged showed that there was generally improvement in the pitch response; however, a tendency for roll pilot-induced oscillation was experienced. A detailed discussion of the cause of the mixed results is presented.

Bosworth, John T.↗

NASA NTRS2010

Flight Test Results from the NF-15B Intelligent Flight Control System (IFCS) Project with Adaptation to a Simulated Stabilator Failure

Adaptive flight control systems have the potential to be more resilient to extreme changes in airplane behavior. Extreme changes could be a result of a system failure or of damage to the airplane. A direct adaptive neural-network-based flight control system was developed for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration NF-15B Intelligent Flight Control System airplane and subjected to an inflight simulation of a failed (frozen) (unmovable) stabilator. Formation flight handling qualities evaluations were performed with and without neural network adaptation. The results of these flight tests are presented. Comparison with simulation predictions and analysis of the performance of the adaptation system are discussed. The performance of the adaptation system is assessed in terms of its ability to decouple the roll and pitch response and reestablish good onboard model tracking. Flight evaluation with the simulated stabilator failure and adaptation engaged showed that there was generally improvement in the pitch response; however, a tendency for roll pilot-induced oscillation was experienced. A detailed discussion of the cause of the mixed results is presented.

Bosworth, John T.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

COBRA-DDP: Trajectory Generation and Collision Avoidance Augmentations for eVTOL Vehicles

This paper presents a receding horizon model predictive control variation of the combined Bernstein polynomial optimal reciprocal collision avoidance (ORCA) differential dynamic programming (COBRA-DDP) algorithm for AAM vehicles. Collision avoidance in combination with effective trajectory replanning are expected to be core components of AAM vehicles operating within a crowded airspace. This environment necessitates the use of real-time trajectory planning algorithms that are capable of planning around large amounts of stationary and moving obstacles. Previous work on COBRA-DDP demonstrated the capability of the algorithm to produce dynamically feasible trajectories for AAM vehicles and general collision avoidance. This paper improves upon the previous work by increasing the number of stationary and moving obstacles, implementing a variation of COBRA-DDP that lends itself to real-time application. These advancements are demonstrated on a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicle simulation with highly nonlinear vehicle dynamics.

COBRA-DDP↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

COBRA-DDP: Trajectory Generation and Collision Avoidance Augmentations for eVTOL Vehicles

This paper presents a receding horizon model predictive control variation of the combined Bernstein polynomial optimal reciprocal collision avoidance (ORCA) differential dynamic programming (COBRA-DDP) algorithm for AAM vehicles. Collision avoidance in combination with effective trajectory replanning are expected to be core components of AAM vehicles operating within a crowded airspace. This environment necessitates the use of real-time trajectory planning algorithms that are capable of planning around large amounts of stationary and moving obstacles. Previous work on COBRA-DDP demonstrated the capability of the algorithm to produce dynamically feasible trajectories for AAM vehicles and general collision avoidance. This paper improves upon the previous work by increasing the number of stationary and moving obstacles, implementing a variation of COBRA-DDP that lends itself to real-time application. These advancements are demonstrated on a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicle simulation with highly nonlinear vehicle dynamics.

COBRA-DDP↗

DOE OSTI2024

Reversible Phasonic Control of a Quantum Phase Transition in a Quasicrystal

Periodic driving can tune the quasistatic properties of quantum matter. A well-known example is the dynamical modification of tunneling by an oscillating electric field. Here we show experimentally that driving the phasonic degree of freedom of a cold-atom quasicrystal can continuously tune the effective quasidisorder strength, reversibly toggling a localization-delocalization quantum phase transition. Measurements agree with fit-parameter-free theoretical predictions, and illuminate a fundamental connection between Aubry-André localization in one dimension and dynamic localization in the associated two-dimensional Harper-Hofstadter model. These results open up new experimental possibilities for dynamical coherent control of quantum phase transitions.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗