Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “computer programming integrity”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 631 records · Page 35
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

BISON Capabilities for LWR Fuel Behavior Analysis During Accident and High-burnup Conditions

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program aims to develop predictive capabilities using computational methods for the analysis and design of advanced reactor and fuel cycle systems. This program has been supporting the development of BISON which is a high-fidelity and high-resolution fuel performance tool at the engineering scale. Increasing recent interest in applications at extended burnups motivated this study to incorporate more physically based models in BISON. This document details integration of newly implemented modeling capabilities into BISON, which includes (1) new thermal conductivity models that are valid up to 100 GWd/t, (2) models for the formation of the high-burnup structure (HBS), (3) two porosity correction methods beingapplied on the thermal conductivity due to the conducting pores during the HBS formation. BISON's results are verified and validated to test the new modeling capabilities

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2018

OpenMP 4.5 Validation and Verification Suite for Device Offload

OpenMP has been widely adopted for shared memory systems for over a decade. With the heterogeneity trend in architectures rapidly growing, the programming model needed to evolve such that applications could not only be ported to traditional CPUs but also to accelerators often acting as discrete or integrated devices to CPUs. To that end, OpenMP started to provide support for heterogeneous systems since 2013 when the version 4.0 of the specification was ratified. OpenMP 4.5 is being enhanced to cover major requirements of Exascale Computing Project (ECP) applications. As a result it is time-critical to ensure that the implementations of the 4.5 features are correct and conforming to the specification. This paper focuses on building a Validation and Verification testsuite that will test and present results for several offloading features implemented in compilers such as Clang, IBM XL C/C++, CCE, and GCC. We have results for our testsuite on TITAN, Summitdev and Summit at the Oak Ridge National Lab. We will highlight some of the ambiguities we encountered in the process of validating and verifying feature implementations. We also make the testsuite available for anyone to use and will walk the readers through the infrastructure and the workflow of the testsuite. A website has been built to capture our efforts narrated in this paper https://crpl.cis.udel.edu/ompvvsollve.

Monsalve Diaz, Jose↗
DOE OSTI2012

Fusion Simulation Program Definition (Final report)

We have completed our contributions to the Fusion Simulation Program Definition Project. Our contributions were in the overall planning with concentration in the definition of the area of Software Integration and Support. We contributed to the planning of multiple meetings, and we contributed to multiple planning documents.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2012

Prioritization Risk Integration Simulation Model (PRISM) For Environmental Remediation and Waste Management - 12097

The PRISM (Prioritization Risk Integration Simulation Model), a computer model was developed to support the Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) in its mission to clean up the environmental legacy from the Nation's nuclear weapons materials production complex. PRISM provides a comprehensive, fully integrated planning tool that can tie together DOE-EM's projects. It is designed to help DOE managers develop sound, risk-informed business practices and defend program decisions. It provides a better ability to understand and manage programmatic risks. The underlying concept for PRISM is that DOE-EM 'owns' a portfolio of environmental legacy obligations (ELOs), and that its mission is to transform the ELOs from their current conditions to acceptable conditions, in the most effective way possible. There are many types of ELOs - - contaminated soils and groundwater plumes, disused facilities awaiting D and D, and various types of wastes waiting for processing or disposal. For a given suite of planned activities, PRISM simulates the outcomes as they play out over time, allowing for all key identified uncertainties and risk factors. Each contaminated building, land area and waste stream is tracked from cradle to grave, and all of the linkages affecting different waste streams are captured. The progression of the activities is fully dynamic, reflecting DOE-EM's prioritization approaches, precedence requirements, available funding, and the consequences of risks and uncertainties. The top level of PRISM is the end-user interface that allows rapid evaluation of alternative scenarios and viewing the results in a variety of useful ways. PRISM is a fully probabilistic model, allowing the user to specify uncertainties in input data (such as the magnitude of an existing groundwater plume, or the total cost to complete a planned activity) as well as specific risk events that might occur. PRISM is based on the GoldSim software that is widely used for risk and performance assessment calculations. PRISM can be run in a deterministic mode, which quickly provides an estimate of the most likely results of a given plan. Alternatively, the model can be run probabilistically in a Monte Carlo mode, exploring the risks and uncertainties in the system and producing probability distributions for the different performance measures. The PRISM model demonstrates how EM can evaluate a portfolio of ELOs, and transform the ELOs from their current conditions to acceptable conditions, utilizing different strategic approaches. There are many types of ELOs - contaminated soils and groundwater plumes, disused facilities awaiting D and D, and various types of wastes waiting for processing or disposal. This scope of work for the PRISM process and the development of a dynamic simulation model are a logical extension of the GoldSim simulation software used by the OCRWM to assess the long-term performance for the Yucca Mountain Project and by NNSA to assess project risk at its sites. Systems integration modeling will promote better understanding of all project risks, technical and nontechnical, and more defensible decision-making for complex projects with significant uncertainties. It can provide effective visual communication and rapid adaptation during interactions with stakeholders (Administration, Congress, State, Local, and NGO). It will also allow rapid assessment of alternative management approaches. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2022

ORNL Neutron Cross Section Measurements of 90 Zr NCSP ND-1 Task [Slides]

Luiz Leal's idea to integrate the experimental uncertainties, covariances, and sensitivities in this workflow and centralize the process at one location led to the creation of a cohesive tool for data testing. It has been practiced for more than two decades by the NCS and ND groups at ORNL. The development and use of the ORNL codes TSUNAMI and TSURFER within SCALE made it possible. Today, it has been extended to SAMINT which enables the coupling of differential and integral data evaluation in a continuous-energy framework.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

MOOSE-based Tritium Migration Analysis Program, Version 8 (TMAP8) for advanced open-source tritium transport and fuel cycle modeling

Tritium management is critical for the safety, sustainability, and economics of fusion energy systems, and advanced and reliable modeling tools help accelerate the development of tritium technologies. This paper presents the Tritium Migration Analysis Program, Version 8 (TMAP8), an open-source, MOOSE-based application developed to provide state-of-the-art tritium transport and fuel cycle modeling capabilities. TMAP8 aims to expand the capabilities of previous versions (i.e., TMAP4 and TMAP7) by leveraging modern computational techniques, ensuring high software quality assurance standards (key to building trust), and enabling multispecies, multiscale, and multiphysics simulations for integrated tritium transport modeling in complex geometries. This paper outlines TMAP8’s scope and rigorous development practices, emphasizing its transparency, accessibility, modularity, and reliability. We present the current suite of verification and validation cases based on those from TMAP4, demonstrating TMAP8’s accuracy and reliability against analytical solutions and experimental data. Additionally, the paper showcases TMAP8’s integrated fuel cycle modeling capabilities, highlighting its applicability at various scales and levels. The TMAP8 code and documentation are openly available, promoting collaborative development and widespread adoption within the fusion community. Future work will soon expand TMAP8’s verification and validation suite to include those from TMAP7 and other recent experimental studies for validation.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Surrogate Modeling for Capacity Planning of Charging Station Equipped With Photovoltaic Panel and Hydropneumatic Energy Storage

Due to the promising potential for environmental sustainability, there has been a significant increase of electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) in the market. To support this increasing demand for EVs and PHEVs, challenges related to capacity planning and investment costs of public charging infrastructure must be addressed. Hence, in this paper, a capacity planning problem for charging stations is developed and aims to balance the current capital investment costs and future operational revenue. The charging station is assumed to be equipped with the solar photovoltaic (PV) panel and an energy storage system, which could be electric battery or recently invented hydropneumatic energy storage (ground-level integrated diverse energy storage (GLIDES)) system. A co-optimization model that minimizes investment and operation cost is established to determine optimal solution while considering capacity planning and following operations. EV mobility is modeled as an Erlang-loss system. Meanwhile, stochastic programming is adopted to capture uncertainties from solar radiation and charging demand of EV fleet. To provide a more general and computationally efficient model, main configuration parameters are sampled in design space and then fixed in solving the co-optimization model. Sampled parameters include EV charging slots number, PV area, capacity of energy storage system, and daily mean EV arrival number. Based on the sampled parameter combinations and its responses, black-box mappings are then constructed using surrogate models, which could provide insights for charging station placement in different practical situations. The effectiveness of the proposed surrogate modeling approach is demonstrated in numerical experiments. Here, the results indicate better profit advantage of GLIDES over battery system with the increased power capacity

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2014

RELAP-7 Software Verification and Validation Plan

This INL plan comprehensively describes the software for RELAP-7 and documents the software, interface, and software design requirements for the application. The plan also describes the testing-based software verification and validation (SV&V) process—a set of specially designed software models used to test RELAP-7. The RELAP-7 (Reactor Excursion and Leak Analysis Program) code is a nuclear reactor system safety analysis code being developed at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The code is based on the INL’s modern scientific software development framework – MOOSE (Multi-Physics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment). The overall design goal of RELAP-7 is to take advantage of the previous thirty years of advancements in computer architecture, software design, numerical integration methods, and physical models. The end result will be a reactor systems analysis capability that retains and improves upon RELAP5’s capability and extends the analysis capability for all reactor system simulation scenarios.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2017

New hardware and software platform for experiments on a HUBER-5042 X-ray diffractometer with a DISPLEX DE-202 helium cryostat in the temperature range of 20–300 K

Huber-5042 diffractometer with a closed-cycle Displex DE-202 helium cryostat is a unique scientific instrument for carrying out X-ray diffraction experiments when studying the single crystal structure in the temperature range of 20–300 K. To make the service life longer and develop new experimental techniques, the diffractometer control is transferred to a new hardware and software platform. To this end, a modern computer; a new detector reader unit; and new control interfaces for stepper motors, temperature controller, and cryostat vacuum pumping system are used. The system for cooling the X-ray tube, the high-voltage generator, and the helium compressor and pump for maintaining the desired vacuum in the cryostat are replaced. The system for controlling the primary beam shutter is upgraded. A biological shielding is installed. The new program tools, which use the Linux Ubuntu operating system and SPEC constructor, include a set of drivers for control units through the aforementioned interfaces. A program for searching reflections from a sample using fast continuous scanning and a priori information about crystal is written. Thus, the software package for carrying out the complete cycle of precise diffraction experiment (from determining the crystal unit cell to calculating the integral reflection intensities) is upgraded. High quality of the experimental data obtained on this equipment is confirmed in a number of studies in the temperature range from 20 to 300 K.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

Internet-of-Things Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Architecture for Providing Frequency Regulation With Demand Response

Following recent advances in network infrastructure, cloud computing, and embedded systems, fascinating work is underway exploring the utility of demand response in increasing grid stability while permitting high penetration of intermittent renewable distributed generation resources. Although works have demonstrated diverse theoretical advantages of demand response programs, little real-world data are available and utilities generally remain reticent in moving forward with large-scale implementation due to risks inherent to any modification of the power system. Deciding that the next pertinent step in bringing demand response from theory to technology is developing an Internet-of-things hardware-in-the-loop simulation power system integrated device capable of empirically testing the theoretical mechanisms, this work presents an architecture testbed for providing demand response (telemetric monitoring and actuation of loads), which is real node in a power system simulation where virtual node's parameters derive real node data. Finally, we test a demand response algorithm, which provides frequency regulation services.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2018

The Ongoing Evolution of OpenMP

Here, this paper presents an overview of the past, present and future of the OpenMP application programming interface (API). While the API originally specified a small set of directives that guided shared memory fork-join parallelization of loops and program sections, OpenMP now provides a richer set of directives that capture a wide range of parallelization strategies that are not strictly limited to shared memory. As we look toward the future of OpenMP, we immediately see further evolution of the support for that range of parallelization strategies and the addition of direct support for debugging and performance analysis tools. Looking beyond the next major release of the specification of the OpenMP API, we expect the specification eventually to include support for more parallelization strategies and to embrace closer integration into its Fortran, C and, in particular, C++ base languages, which will likely require the API to adopt additional programming abstractions.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

California Energy Systems for the 21st Century (CES-21) Annual Report - 2018

The California Energy Systems for the 21st Century (CES-21) Program is a public-private collaborative research and development (R&D) program between the California Joint Utilities1 and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The purpose of this annual report is to provide the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC or Commission) with a summary of the 2018 progress of the CES-21 Program2. The CES-21 Program is designed to research solutions for the medium- and far-term challenges of a fastevolving energy marketplace. The program is comprised of two projects: Cybersecurity Project and Grid Integration - Flexibility Metrics Project. This report provides information on the operations of the CES-21 program, including projects funded, results of research, efforts made to involve third parties, and intellectual property that results from the research.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2012

MicrobesFlux: a web platform for drafting metabolic models from the KEGG database

Concurrent with the efforts currently underway in mapping microbial genomes using high-throughput sequencing methods, systems biologists are building metabolic models to characterize and predict cell metabolisms. One of the key steps in building a metabolic model is using multiple databases to collect and assemble essential information about genome-annotations and the architecture of the metabolic network for a specific organism. To speed up metabolic model development for a large number of microorganisms, we need a user-friendly platform to construct metabolic networks and to perform constraint-based flux balance analysis based on genome databases and experimental results. We have developed a semi-automatic, web-based platform (MicrobesFlux) for generating and reconstructing metabolic models for annotated microorganisms. MicrobesFlux is able to automatically download the metabolic network (including enzymatic reactions and metabolites) of ~1,200 species from the KEGG database (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and then convert it to a metabolic model draft. The platform also provides diverse customized tools, such as gene knockouts and the introduction of heterologous pathways, for users to reconstruct the model network. The reconstructed metabolic network can be formulated to a constraint-based flux model to predict and analyze the carbon fluxes in microbial metabolisms. The simulation results can be exported in the SBML format (The Systems Biology Markup Language). Furthermore, we also demonstrated the platform functionalities by developing an FBA model (including 229 reactions) for a recent annotated bioethanol producer, Thermoanaerobacter sp. strain X514, to predict its biomass growth and ethanol production. MicrobesFlux is an installation-free and open-source platform that enables biologists without prior programming knowledge to develop metabolic models for annotated microorganisms in the KEGG database. Our system facilitates users to reconstruct metabolic networks of organisms based on experimental information. Through human-computer interaction, MicrobesFlux provides users with reasonable predictions of microbial metabolism via flux balance analysis. This prototype platform can be a springboard for advanced and broad-scope modeling of complex biological systems by integrating other “omics” data or 13 C- metabolic flux analysis results.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2014

Computation Of The Residual Radionuclide Activity Within Three Natural Waterways At The Savannah River Site

In 2010 a Composite Analysis (CA) of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Savannah River Site (SRS) was completed. This investigation evaluated the dose impact of the anticipated SRS End State residual sources of radionuclides to offsite members of the public. Doses were assessed at the locations where SRS site streams discharge into the Savannah River at the perimeter of the SRS. Although the model developed to perform this computation indicated that the dose constraint of 0.3 mSv/yr (30 mrem/yr), associated with CA, was not approached at the Points of Assessment (POAs), a significant contribution to the total computed dose was derived from the radionuclides (primarily Cs-137) bound-up in the soil and sediment of the drainage corridors of several SRS streams. DOE’s Low Level Waste Federal Review Group (LFRG) reviewed the 2010 CA and identified several items to be addressed in the SRS Maintenance Program. One of the items recognized Cs-137 in the Lower Three Runs (LTR) Integrator Operable Unit (IOU), as a significant CA dose driver. The item made the recommendation that SRS update the estimated radionuclide inventory, including Cs-137, in the LTR IOU. That initial work has been completed and its radionuclide inventory refined. There are five additional streams at SRS and the next phase of the response to the LFRG concern was to obtain a more accurate inventory and distribution of radionuclides in three of those streams, Fourmile Branch (FMB), Pen Branch (PB) and Steel Creek (SC). Each of these streams is designated as an IOU, which are defined for the purpose of this investigation as the surface water bodies and associated wetlands, including the channel sediment, floodplain sed/soil, and related biota. If present, radionuclides associated with IOUs are adsorbed to the streambed sediment and soils of the shallow floodplains that lie immediately adjacent to stream channels. The scope of this effort included the evaluation of any previous sampling and analysis data that had been collected for various SRS investigations, as well as the additional streambed and floodplain sampling and analysis data acquired more recently as part of the ongoing SRS IOU program, and associated specifically with the FMB, PB, and SC IOUs. Samples have been acquired along the waterways, within the stream channels themselves and in the adjacent floodplain zones. While Cs-137 is the most significant and abundant radionuclide associated with the SRS waterways, it is not the only radionuclide, hence work was conducted to evaluate all radionuclides present.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Updates and Validation for the n+ 63,65 Cu Cross Sections [Slides]

The RRR and URR parameters for 63,65 Cu have been optimized to transmission and capture data. Several data sets have been newly incorporated in this evaluation. The angular distribution parameters have been adopted from differential measurements, as was done in ENDF/B-V. The performance of this evaluation in the integral benchmark calculations is favorable, and the validation is ongoing.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

A change language for ontologies and knowledge graphs

Ontologies and knowledge graphs (KGs) are general-purpose computable representations of some domain, such as human anatomy, and are frequently a crucial part of modern information systems. Most of these structures change over time, incorporating new knowledge or information that was previously missing. Managing these changes is a challenge, both in terms of communicating changes to users and providing mechanisms to make it easier for multiple stakeholders to contribute. To fill that need, we have created KGCL, the Knowledge Graph Change Language (https://github.com/INCATools/kgcl), a standard data model for describing changes to KGs and ontologies at a high level, and an accompanying human-readable Controlled Natural Language (CNL). This language serves two purposes: a curator can use it to request desired changes, and it can also be used to describe changes that have already happened, corresponding to the concepts of “apply patch” and “diff” commonly used for managing changes in text documents and computer programs. Another key feature of KGCL is that descriptions are at a high enough level to be useful and understood by a variety of stakeholders—e.g. ontology edits can be specified by commands like “add synonym ‘arm’ to ‘forelimb’” or “move ‘Parkinson disease’ under ‘neurodegenerative disease’.” We have also built a suite of tools for managing ontology changes. These include an automated agent that integrates with and monitors GitHub ontology repositories and applies any requested changes and a new component in the BioPortal ontology resource that allows users to make change requests directly from within the BioPortal user interface. Overall, the KGCL data model, its CNL, and associated tooling allow for easier management and processing of changes associated with the development of ontologies and KGs.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Evaluating the Performance of Integer Sum Reduction on an Intel GPU

Sum reduction is a primitive operation in parallel computing while SYCL is a promising heterogeneous programming language. In this paper, we describe the SYCL implementations of integer sum reduction using atomic functions, shared local memory, vectorized memory accesses, and parameterized workload sizes. Evaluating the reduction kernels shows that we can achieve 1.4X speedup over the open-source implementations of sum reduction for a sufficiently large number of integers on an Intel integrated GPU.

Jin, Zheming↗