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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Preferred classification of calderas and volcano- tectonic depressions based on relative amounts of lava and proclastic ejecta
Airborne filter wedge spectrometer recording of earth spectral radient emittance of desert terrain and lava in 8 to 16 microns range
Volcanic gas from lava lake, noting carbon and sulfur gases depletion during cooling and solidification
Photoelectric polarimetry of samples of lunar maria, terra, lavas and chemicals for wavelength dependence of polarization, comparing to Mercury, Mars and asteroids
Earth magnetic field transition recorded in basaltic lavas in southeastern Oregon
Lunar dimple /drainage/ craters formation mechanisms, considering analogous earth drainage craters associated with lava tubes
Cretaceous rock paleomagnetism from Israel lava fields, determining original magnetization directions
Apollo 11 fines gas evolution and physical changes via heat treatment, discussing Ar 40 anomaly, lava structure origin and oxidation rate
Tycho crater northeast rim scale relief model including lava lakes in outer walls
Multiphase eruptions associated with lunar craters Tycho and Aristarchus - lava flow charts
Lava flow characteristics in Hadley Rille valley of lunar mountains
Central Colorado basaltic lava flows tertiary paleomagnetic transition zone data, illustrating whole rock K-Ar dating difficulties
Seismic wave velocity measurements in pahoehoe basalt flows in lava beds, comparing with laboratory dilatational velocities
Driblet spires in Snake River Plain, Idaho, discussing basalt lava features and remnants in lunar areas
Mapping of the Ethiopian rift and Afar margins revealed the existence of Tertiary dike swarms. The structural relations of these swarms and the fed lava pile to monoclinal warping of the margins partly reflect a style of continental margin tectonics found in other parts of the world. In Ethiopia, however, conjugate dike trends appear to be unusually strongly developed. Relation of dikes to subsequent margin faulting is ambiguous, and there are instances where the two phenomena are spatially separate and of differing trends. There is no evidence for lateral migration with time of dike injection toward the rift zone. No separate impingement of Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and African rift system stress fields on the Ethiopian region can be demonstrated from the Tertiary dike swarms. Rather, a single, regional paleostress field existed, suggestive of a focus beneath the central Ethiopian plateau. This stress field was dominated by tension: there is no cogent evidence for shearing along the rift margins. A gentle compression along the rift floor is indicated. A peculiar sympathy of dike hade directions at given localities is evident.
Three rock types are described that produce dark cross-polarized images on Ka-band imagery: lava flows dating from Pleistocene and Holocene, some Tertiary volcanics, and certain massive sandstones. Their planar surfaces are large with respect to the wavelength of the Ka-band system, yet are small in comparison to the resolution. It is found that only outcrops with proper faceted surface orientations produce significant radar returns showing the dominance of specular reflectors. The omnidirectional attitude of the facets and their wide distribution on the outcrops explains the independence of look-direction that the flat-lying anomalous outcrops exhibit in production of darker cross-polarized images.
Field studies of selected basalt flows in the Snake River Plain, Idaho, were made for comparative lunar and Mars geological investigations. Studies of basalt lava tubes were also initiated in Washington, Oregon, Hawaii, and northern California. The main effort in the stellar evolution research is toward the development of a computer code to calculate hydrodynamic flow coupled with radiative energy transport. Estimates of the rotation effects on a collapsing cloud indicate that the total angular momentum is the critical parameter. The study of Paschen and Balmer alpha lines of positronium atoms in the center of a galaxy is mentioned.
The Lunar Crater volcanic field in east-central Nevada includes cinder cones, maars, and basalt flows of probably Quaternary age that individually and as a group resemble some features on the moon. Three episodes of volcanism are separated by intervals of relative dormancy and erosion. Changes in morphology of cinder cones, degree of weathering, and superposition of associated basalt flows provide a basis for determining the relative ages of the cones. A method has been devised whereby cone heights, base radii, and angles of slope are used to determine semiquantitatively the age relationships of some cinder cones. Structural studies show that cone and crater chains and their associated lava flows developed along fissures and normal faults produced by tensional stress. The petrography of the basalts and pyroclastics suggests magmatic differentiation at depth which produced interbedded subalkaline basalts, alkali-olivine basalts, and basanitoids. The youngest flows in the field are basanitoids.