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FLASH: FPGA-Accelerated Smart Switches with GCN Case Study
Some communication switches, e.g., the Mellanox SHArP and those in the IBM BlueGene clusters, are augmented to process packets at the application level with fixed-function collectives. This approach, however, lacks flexibility, which limits their applicability in diverse and dynamic workloads. Recently, a new type of programmable packet processor, which uses high-level languages, e.g., P4, has emerged as possible candidates. P4-based switches, however, fall short in certain applications, including machine learning, where capabilities not currently supported by P4 are needed. These include more complex calculation, such as sparse computation and fused multiply-accumulate, data-intensive floating point operations, data reuse, and significant memory. The problem addressed here is that such a switch augmentation needs to support: a large amount of state, significant flexible compute capability, and ease of programming, all while maintaining full functionality, including ensuring high throughput, and demonstrating utility. In this work, we propose a programmable look-aside-type accelerator that can be embedded into, or attached to, existing communication switch pipelines and that is capable of processing packets at line-rate. The proposed in-switch accelerator is based on mixing an ISA (subset of RISC-V instructions) with dataflow graphs (found in CGRAs). To augment performance, vector instructions are also supported. To facilitate usability, we have developed a complete toolchain to compile user-provided C/C++ codes to appropriate back-end instructions for configuring the accelerator. While this approach is flexible enough to support various workloads, in this paper, we consider Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) as a case study. Experimental results show that this approach considerably improves the performance of distributed GCN applications.
Flash sintering: A new frontier in defect physics and materials science
Not provided.
Physics Flash Spring 2020
Published by the Physical Sciences Directorate at LANL, the Spring 2020 issue of this newsletter contains an update from the division leader, Tanja Pietraß, Physics Division news roundaup, welcome to new hires, snapshots of Physics managers' work-from-home offices, and service celebrations.
Physics Flash Winter 2021 [Newsletter]
The Winter 2021 quarterly newsletter highlights articles titled "Putting down new markers for Los Alamos neutrino research", Direct measurements of nuclear reactions on radionuclides", Novel thermal neutron detector safeguards aircraft, HPC semiconductor electronics", along with the usual standard sections.
Computational models for fluid-to-solid transitions in yield stress fluids (flash version).
Abstract not provided.
Time-resolved Flash X-ray Diffraction of Aluminized High Explosives [Slides]
Al HE generally has lower performance in Detonation Driving Zone but higher overall blast effects than non-aluminized HE. Objective is to develop benchtop system for dynamic x-ray diffraction (XRD) of aluminized HE.
APT Flash Lamps for a New Laser at LLNL Memo
Each flashlamp is supported coaxially within a pyrex water-jacket tube by two identical connector assemblies, one at each end. These connector assemblies not only support the flashlamp mechanically, but also provide source and return pathways for flashlamp DI cooling water and for electrical current. At each end of the flashlamp, the (presumably) tungsten feed-through rod that supports the electrode is attached to a connector assembly through a Multilam fitting. O rings seated on the outside of each connector assembly form a water-tight seal between the connector assembly and the inside of the pyrex water-jacket tube. During operation, DI cooling water enters the tube located at the end of one of the connectors, flows over that connector’s Multilam fitting, flows through a ring of holes in the connector assembly and then flows into the 1-mm gap between the flashlamp and the pyrex water-jacket tube. After passing over the length of the flashlamp, the water flows through the connector assembly at the opposite end of the flashlamp and exits through that connector assembly’s end tube. Electrical pulses are delivered to the flashlamp through the tubes coming out of the connector assemblies.
Flash X-ray Radiography for Measuring Density Profiles of Plasma Plumes Created by Intense Relativistic Electron Beams
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Physics Flash: Summer 2024
Each year, the Lab’s Partnerships and Pipeline Office's Postdoc Program honors outstanding efforts made by postdocs and mentors that have led to a positive impact on the Lab and its missions. For such contributions, Applied and Fundamental Physics (P-2) researchers David Rivera and Sowjanya Gollapinni have been recognized by the program.
ChatGPT: Job-Killer, Flash in the Pan, or a Statistician’s Best Friend?
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A Comparison of Light Curves Computed using GLM and MTG-LI Observations for a Flash in Central Brazil on Nov 30, 2024 [Slides]
Abstract not provided.
Reference Materials for Laser and Xenon Flash Thermal Diffusivity Systems
This report presents the status of current standard reference materials for thermal diffusivity testing. In most thermal properties testing systems, it is common to use standard reference materials to show the reproducibility of the tests and certify the instrument is producing results within expected uncertainty range. The definition of reference materials or standards vary depending on the quality control protocols of the project. For thermal diffusivity, although there were standards available by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) 40 years ago, there has been no recent NIST standard reference material (SRM). There are only a few sources that produce and provide traceable reference standards for thermal diffusivity. The certificate typically expires in 5 years and only applies to the specific lot of materials. Other reference materials are provided by the testing systems manufacturers. They are mostly well-known reference materials or materials used by the equipment manufacturers with historic data. However, most these reference materials no longer carry valid certificates. Various reference materials will be discussed along with the industry practice when only secondary standards are available.