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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 631 records · Page 35
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Magnetic and charge ordering in nanosized manganites

Perovskite manganites exhibit a wide range of functional properties, such as colossal magneto-resistance, magnetocaloric effect, multiferroic property, and some interesting physical phenomena including spin, charge, and orbital ordering. Recent advances in science and technology associated with perovskite oxides have resulted in the feature sizes of microelectronic devices down-scaling into nanoscale dimensions. The nanoscale perovskite manganites display novel magnetic and electronic properties that are different from their bulk and film counterparts. Understanding the size effects of perovskite manganites at the nanoscale is of importance not only for the fundamental scientific research but also for developing next generation of electronic and magnetic nanodevices. In this paper, the current understanding and the fundamental issues related to the size effects on the magnetic properties and charge ordering in manganites are reviewed, which covers lattice structure, magnetic and electronic properties in both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic based manganites. In addition to review the literatures, this article identifies the promising avenues for the future research in this area.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2014

Photo-response of a P3HT:PCBM blend in metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors

Metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors are investigated, in which the insulator is cross-linked polyvinylphenol and the active layer a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, and the electron acceptor [6,6]-phenyl-C{sub 61}-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Admittance spectra and capacitance-voltage measurements obtained in the dark both display similar behaviour to those previously observed in P3HT-only devices. However, the photo-capacitance response is significantly enhanced in the P3HT:PCBM case, where exciton dissociation leads to electron transfer into the PCBM component. The results are consistent with a network of PCBM aggregates that is continuous through the film but with no lateral interconnection between the aggregates at or near the blend/insulator interface.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS1969

Improved perceptual-motor performance measurement system

Battery of tests determines the primary dimensions of perceptual-motor performance. Eighteen basic measures range from simple tests to sophisticated electronic devices. Improved system has one unit for the subject containing test display and response elements, and one for the experimenter where test setups, programming, and scoring are accomplished.

Parker, J. F., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Elastic light-scattering modulator: A concept

Simple structure can be used as electrically-controlled light valve, to scatter both transmitted and reflected beams. Its operation is based on physical phenomenon called frosting. Device may be of interest to manufacturers of page composers, alphanumeric displays, flat-panel displays, large-screen televisions, and optical input terminals for computers.

Vilkomerson, D. H. R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Field-sequential stereo television

System includes viewing devices that provide low interference to normal vision. It provides stereo display observable from broader area. Left and right video cameras are focused on object. Output signals from cameras are time provided by each camera. Multiplexed signal, fed to standard television monitor, displays left and right images of object.

Perry, W. E.↗
NASA NTRS1975

The development of an engineering computer graphics laboratory

Hardware and software systems developed to further research and education in interactive computer graphics were described, as well as several of the ongoing application-oriented projects, educational graphics programs, and graduate research projects. The software system consists of a FORTRAN 4 subroutine package, in conjunction with a PDP 11/40 minicomputer as the primary computation processor and the Imlac PDS-1 as an intelligent display processor. The package comprises a comprehensive set of graphics routines for dynamic, structured two-dimensional display manipulation, and numerous routines to handle a variety of input devices at the Imlac.

Anderson, D. C.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Goldstone R/D High Speed Data Acquisition System

A digital data acquisition system that meets the requirements of several users (initially the planetary radar program) is planned for general use at Deep Space Station 14 (DSS 14). The system, now partially complete, is controlled by VAX 11/780 computer that is programmed in high level languages. A DEC Data Controller is included for moderate-speed data acquisition, low speed data display, and for a digital interface to special user-provided devices. The high-speed data acquisition is performed in devices that are being designed and built at JPL. Analog IF signals are converted to a digitized 50 MHz real signal. This signal is filtered and mixed digitally to baseband after which its phase code (a PN sequence in the case of planetary radar) is removed. It may then be accumulated (or averaged) and fed into the VAX through an FPS 5210 array processor. Further data processing before entering the VAX is thus possible (computation and accumulation of the power spectra, for example). The system is to be located in the research and development pedestal at DSS 14 for easy access by researchers in radio astronomy as well as telemetry processing and antenna arraying.

Deutsch, L. J.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Optical Recognition And Tracking Of Objects

Separate objects moving independently tracked simultaneously. System uses coherent optical techniques to obtain correlation between each object and reference image. Moving objects monitored by charge-coupled-device television camera, output fed to liquid-crystal television (LCTV) display. Acting as spatial light modulator, LCTV impresses images of moving objects on collimated laser beam. Beam spatially low-pass filtered to remove high-spatial-frequency television grid pattern.

Chao, Tien-Hsin↗
NASA NTRS1993

Virtual environment architecture for rapid application development

We describe the MITRE Virtual Environment Architecture (VEA), a product of nearly two years of investigations and prototypes of virtual environment technology. This paper discusses the requirements for rapid prototyping, and an architecture we are developing to support virtual environment construction. VEA supports rapid application development by providing a variety of pre-built modules that can be reconfigured for each application session. The modules supply interfaces for several types of interactive I/O devices, in addition to large-screen or head-mounted displays.

Grinstein, Georges G.↗
NASA NTRS2002

EZStream: Distributing Live ISS Experiment Telemetry via Internet

This paper will present the high-level architecture and components of the current version of EZStream as well as the product direction & enhancements to be incorporated through a Phase II grant. Security will be addressed such as data encryption and user login. Remote user devices will be discussed including web browsers on PC's and displays on PDA's and smart cell phones. The interaction between EZStream and TReK will be covered as well as the eventuality of EZStream to receive and parse binary data streams directly. This makes EZStream beneficial to both the International Partners and non-NASA applications. The options of developing client-side display web pages will be addressed and the development of new tools to allow creation of display web pages by non-programmers.

Myers, Gerry↗
NASA NTRS2000

Getters for Reliable Hermetic Packages

A variety of sealed-off devices such as cathode ray tubes (CRT's) electron tubes, plasma displays, particle accelarators and colliders vacuum thermal insulation, ultra-high vacuum (UHV), extreme high vacuum (XHV) systems for semiconductor processing, X-ray tubes, lamps, field-emission displays (FEDs) flat panel displays (FPDs), some microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and science instruments for space applications, nuclear systems require a vacuum for their successful operation.

getters hermetic packaging electronic↗
NASA NTRS1979

Blood Pressure Checker

An estimated 30 million people in the United States have high blood pressure, or hypertension. But a great many of them are unaware of it because hypertension, in its initial stages, displays no symptoms. Thus, the simply-operated blood pressure checking devices now widely located in public places are useful health aids. The one pictured above, called -Medimax 30, is a direct spinoff from NASA technology developed to monitor astronauts in space. For manned space flights, NASA wanted a compact, highly-reliable, extremely accurate method of checking astronauts' blood pressure without the need for a physician's interpretive skill. NASA's Johnson Space Center and Technology, Inc., a contractor, developed an electronic sound processor that automatically analyzes blood flow sounds to get both systolic (contracting arteries) and diastolic (expanding arteries) blood pressure measurements. NASA granted a patent license for this technology to Advanced Life Sciences, Inc., New York City, manufacturers of Medimax 30.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2003

"Virtual Cockpit Window" for a Windowless Aerospacecraft

A software system processes navigational and sensory information in real time to generate a three-dimensional-appearing image of the external environment for viewing by crewmembers of a windowless aerospacecraft. The design of the particular aerospacecraft (the X-38) is such that the addition of a real transparent cockpit window to the airframe would have resulted in unacceptably large increases in weight and cost. When exerting manual control, an aircrew needs to see terrain, obstructions, and other features around the aircraft in order to land safely. The X-38 is capable of automated landing, but even when this capability is utilized, the crew still needs to view the external environment: From the very beginning of the United States space program, crews have expressed profound dislike for windowless vehicles. The wellbeing of an aircrew is considerably promoted by a three-dimensional view of terrain and obstructions. The present software system was developed to satisfy the need for such a view. In conjunction with a computer and display equipment that weigh less than would a real transparent window, this software system thus provides a virtual cockpit window. The key problem in the development of this software system was to create a realistic three-dimensional perspective view that is updated in real time. The problem was solved by building upon a pre-existing commercial program LandForm C3 that combines the speed of flight-simulator software with the power of geographic-information-system software to generate real-time, three-dimensional-appearing displays of terrain and other features of flight environments. In the development of the present software, the pre-existing program was modified to enable it to utilize real-time information on the position and attitude of the aerospacecraft to generate a view of the external world as it would appear to a person looking out through a window in the aerospacecraft. The development included innovations in realistic horizon-limit modeling, three-dimensional stereographic display, and interfaces for utilization of data from inertial-navigation devices, Global Positioning System receivers, and laser rangefinders.

Abernathy, Michael F.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Systems and methods for monitoring traffic on industrial control and building automation system networks

Technologies relating to monitoring communications traffic to detect potential attacks on industrial control system networks and building automation system networks are described herein. In an embodiment, a monitoring device receives a plurality of communications from a control network. The monitoring device transmits the communications to a computing device. Based on the communications, the computing device generates a listing of devices that communicated by way of the control network over a period of time, and computes a volume of traffic between each pair of devices in the listing of devices. The computing device then outputs a graphical user interface (GUI) by way of display, the GUI comprising data indicative of the computed volumes of traffic, which may be indicative of a potential attack on the control network.

Jenkins, Chris↗
DOE OSTI2015

Best practices mobile application for D and D KM-IT - 15712

The Deactivation and Decommissioning Knowledge Management Information Tool (D and D KM-IT) is the repository of useful information built specifically for D and D community. The knowledge provided by the D and D KM-IT is the experience and expertise gained by people within the field and fellow employees of the Department of Energy (DOE). This information has been the result of gathering, analyzing, storing, and sharing knowledge to help reduce time spent on discovering previously found data. In order to help in organizing all the data from all the professional contributors, the D and D KM-IT has been divided into 12 different modules. Each individual module pertains to a different area of information for users, such as vendor and technology information, collaboration tools, and even a hotline that contains problems posted by the users. Purpose: - Design and develop the module for the Best Practices on D and D KM-IT mobile platform deployed at https://m.dndkm.org; - The Best Practices mobile module should integrate with existing modules seamlessly; - Use the D and D KM-IT existing database to consume information for the mobile system. jQuery Mobile framework was used to develop Best Practices module for mobile devices. jQuery Mobile framework provides support for responsive web design (RWD). RWD allows adaptation of the layout and user interface of web sites and web apps to different device resolutions, screen densities, and views. UI design was implemented with three fundamental elements: CSS media queries, An adaptable grid, Flexible images and media. Advantages/benefits: - A responsive web design adapts to any-sized screen / resolution and orientation view; - ASP.NET compatible which allows the D and D KM-IT database to support all platforms accessing the system; - Navigating pages is more bandwidth efficient by refreshing data in small section with Ajax instead of reloading the entire page; - Multiple parts of a page can perform different tasks resulting in improved user's experience. Results: - Mobile system is accessible on compatible devices running Android, Apple, Blackberry, Palm, and Windows devices; - Best Practices searches through Characterization, Decontamination, Dismantlement, Material Disposition, and Worker Safety; - Keyword search is enabled for the best practices that are available on both the desktop and mobile systems - Documents are formatted into a PDF file format to ensure compatibility on any device. Conclusion: - Fully integrated with the desktop Best Practices module and displays documents that are uploaded on web platform; - Fast-loading with D and D KM-IT mobile system and downloadable documents; - Responsive design which gives the same user experience when either viewed on smart phone or tablet.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2018

Sensitive and Selective NH3 Monitoring at Room Temperature Using ZnO Ceramic Nanofibers Decorated with Poly(styrene sulfonate)

Ammonia (NH3) gas is a prominent air pollutant that is frequently found in industrial and livestock production environments. Due to the importance in controlling pollution and protecting public health, the development of new platforms for sensing NH3 at room temperature has attracted great attention. In this study, a sensitive NH3 gas device with enhanced selectivity is developed based on zinc oxide nanofibers (ZnO NFs) decorated with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and operated at room temperature. ZnO NFs were prepared by electrospinning followed by calcination at 500 °C for 3 h. The electrospun ZnO NFs are characterized to evaluate the properties of the as-prepared sensing materials. The loading of PSS to prepare ZnO NFs/PSS composite is also optimized based on the best sensing performance. Under the optimal composition, ZnO NFs/PSS displays rapid, reversible, and sensitive response upon NH3 exposure at room temperature. The device shows a dynamic linear range up to 100 ppm and a limit of detection of 3.22 ppm and enhanced selectivity toward NH3 in synthetic air, against NO2 and CO, compared to pure ZnO NFs. Additionally, a sensing mechanism is proposed to illustrate the sensing performance using ZnO NFs/PSS composite. Therefore, this study provides a simple methodology to design a sensitive platform for NH3 monitoring at room temperature.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS1984

A Method for Measuring the Effective Throughput Time Delay in Simulated Displays Involving Manual Control

The advent and widespread use of the computer-generated image (CGI) device to simulate visual cues has a mixed impact on the realism and fidelity of flight simulators. On the plus side, CGIs provide greater flexibility in scene content than terrain boards and closed circuit television based visual systems, and they have the potential for a greater field of view. However, on the minus side, CGIs introduce into the visual simulation relatively long time delays. In many CGIs, this delay is as much as 200 ms, which is comparable to the inherent delay time of the pilot. Because most GCIs use multiloop processing and smoothing algorithms and are linked to a multiloop host computer, it is seldom possible to identify a unique throughput time delay, and it is therefore difficult to quantify the performance of the closed loop pilot simulator system relative to the real world task. A method to address these issues using the critical task tester is described. Some empirical results from applying the method are presented, and a novel technique for improving the performance of GCIs is discussed.

Jewell, W. F.↗