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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 613 records · Page 34
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1976

Orbiter description document for Jupiter Orbiter Probe 1981/1982 Mission

The Jupiter Orbiter as it is presently understood is documented. Because the Jupiter Orbiter Probe 1981/1982 (JOP 81/82) Project will be severely cost constrained, the Orbiter design and capabilities described herein are not subject to major change or modification as a result of instrument selection. The JOP science payload should conform to this defined capability and the specified interfaces. A description and discussion of any science instrument complement is excluded, except the imaging science subsystem and the radio science capability which are provided by the project as Orbiter facilities. The environmental design requirements and the mission operations description are studied. This document has been prepared specifically for the JOP Announcement of Opportunity proposal preparation package and describes the Jupiter Orbiter in sufficient detail to allow the science community to propose scientific instrumentation consistent with its capabilities and limitations.

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NASA NTRS1976

Studies of the inner shelf and coastal sedimentation environment of the Beaufort Sea from ERTS-A

The author has identified the following significant results. Shearing periodically occurs between the westward moving pack ice (3 to 10 km/d) within the Pacific Gyre and the fast ice along the coast, forming major grounded shear and pressure ridges between the 10 to 40 m isobaths. Ridges occur in patterns conforming to known shoals. The zone of grounded ridges, called stamukhi zone, protects the inner shelf and coast from marine energy and pack ice forces. Relatively undeformed fast ice grows inshore of the stamukhi zone. The boundary is explained in terms of pack ice drift and major promontories and shoals. Intense ice gaging, highly disrupted sediments, and landward migration of shoals suggest that much of the available marine energy is expended on the sea floor within the stamukhi zone. Naleds (products of river icings) on the North Slope are more abundant east than west of the Colville River. Their location, growth, and decay were studied from LANDSAT imagery.

Reimnitz, E.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Design concepts for a composite door frame system for general automotive applications

Conceptual design, manufacturing process, and costs are explored to determine the feasibility of replacing present steel parts in automotive door structures with various composite materials. The problems of conforming to present anti-intrusion specifications with advanced materials are examined and discussed. Modest weight reductions, at competitive costs, were identified for the utilization of specific composite materials in automotive door structures.

Tauber, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

The global reference atmospheric model, mod 2 (with two scale perturbation model)

The Global Reference Atmospheric Model was improved to produce more realistic simulations of vertical profiles of atmospheric parameters. A revised two scale random perturbation model using perturbation magnitudes which are adjusted to conform to constraints imposed by the perfect gas law and the hydrostatic condition is described. The two scale perturbation model produces appropriately correlated (horizontally and vertically) small scale and large scale perturbations. These stochastically simulated perturbations are representative of the magnitudes and wavelengths of perturbations produced by tides and planetary scale waves (large scale) and turbulence and gravity waves (small scale). Other new features of the model are: (1) a second order geostrophic wind relation for use at low latitudes which does not "blow up" at low latitudes as the ordinary geostrophic relation does; and (2) revised quasi-biennial amplitudes and phases and revised stationary perturbations, based on data through 1972.

Justus, C. G.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Numerical calculation of the transonic flow past a swept wing

A numerical method is presented for analyzing the transonic potential flow past a lifting, swept wing. A finite difference approximation to the full potential equation is solved in a coordinate system which is nearly conformally mapped from the physical space in planes parallel to the symmetry plane, and reduces the wing surface to a portion of one boundary of the computational grid. A coordinate invariant, rotated difference scheme is used, and the difference equations are solved by relaxation. The method is capable of treating wings of arbitrary planform and dihedral, although approximations in treating the tips and vortex sheet make its accuracy suspect for wings of small aspect ratio. Comparisons of calculated results with experimental data are shown for examples of both conventional and supercritical transport wings. Agreement is good for both types, but it was found necessary to account for the displacement effect of the boundary layer for the supercritical wing, presumably because of its greater sensitivity to changes in effective geometry.

Jameson, A.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Design of high lift airfoils with a Stratford distribution by the Eppler method

Airfoils having a Stratford pressure distribution, which has zero skin friction in the pressure recovery area, were investigated in an effort to develop high lift airfoils. The Eppler program, an inverse conformal mapping technique where the x and y coordinates of the airfoil are developed from a given velocity distribution, was used.

Thomson, W. G.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Atmospheric, Magnetospheric and Plasmas in space (AMPS) spacelab payload definition study. Volume 4. Part 1, AMPS program specification

The AMPS Program Specification delineates the AMPS Program requirements consistent with the resources defined in the AMPS Project Plan. All subsidiary specifications and requirements shall conform to the requirements presented. The requirements hierarchy for the AMPS program is illustrated. A brief description of each of the requirements documents and their intended use is provided.

Keeley, J. T.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Two-body coordinate system generation using body-fitted coordinate system and complex variable transformation

Attempts are made to generate acceptable coordinate systems for two-body configurations. The first method to be tried was to use the body-fitted coordinate system technique to obtain the best system. This technique alone did not produce very good results, so another approach was investigated. This new approach involved using a combination of the body fitted coordinate system procedure and a complex variable transformation method that was used successfully in conformal mapping.

Long, W. S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Lightweight reflector assembly

An inexpensive, lightweight reflective assembly member having good optical quality and particularly adaptable to accommodating temperature variations without providing destructive thermal stresses and reflective slope errors is described. The reflective assembly consists of a thin sheet of glass with appropriate reflective coating and a cellular glass block substrate bonded together. The method of fabrication includes abrading the cellular substrate with an abrasive master die to form an appropriate concave surface. An adhesive is applied to the abraded surface and a lamina reflective surface is placed under a uniform pressure to conform the reflective surface onto the desired abraded surface of the substrate.

Argoud, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS1976

A Landsat Digital Image Rectification System

DIRS is a Digital Image Rectification System for the geometric correction of Landsat Multispectral Scanner digital image data. DIRS removes spatial distortions from the data and brings it into conformance with the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection. Scene data in the form of landmarks or Ground Control Points (GCPs) are used to drive the geometric correction algorithms. The system offers extensive capabilities for 'shade printing' to aid in the determination of GCPs. Affine, two dimensional least squares polynominal and spacecraft attitude modeling techniques for geometric mapping are provided. Entire scenes or selected quadralaterals may be rectified. Resampling through nearest neighbor or cubic convolution at user designated intervals is available. The output products are in the form of digital tape in band interleaved, single band or CCT format in a rotated UTM projection. The system was designed and implemented on large scale IBM 360 computers with at least 300-500K bytes of memory for user application programs and five nine track tapes plus direct access storage.

Van Wie, P.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Galilean satellites - Anomalous temperatures disputed

Anomalous averaged infrared brightness temperatures of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter reported by Gross (1975) are rejected as falsely conceived and lacking physical reality. It is argued that the calculations of equilibrium temperatures should be corrected, whereupon predictions would be in satisfactory agreement with observations, in conformity with the radiometric method of determining the diameters of asteroids and satellites. The IR irradiance and the related disk-averaged brightness temperature for the spectral band are recommended as more relevant. Attention is drawn to some interesting discrepancies between calculated and observed temperatures of the Jovian satellites which merit further investigation.

Morrison, D.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Microwave holographic imaging of aircraft with spaceborne illuminating source

The conceptual development of a method for the high angular resolution and accurate angular position estimates for the surveillance and traffic control of aircraft is considered. A target volume several hundred kilometers in diameter is illuminated by a CW microwave source located on a satellite in geosynchronous orbit. Signals are received by a large array of random, conformally located receiving elements. Each element receives the direct signal from the satellite plus signals reflected from aircraft in the illuminated volume. Coherent combination of the signals received from the individual elements permits the equivalent of holographic imaging or multiple beam formation from which the useful target data can be obtained.

Berkowitz, R. S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Variation in stable carbon isotopes in organic matter from the Gunflint Iron Formation

Results are presented for an isotopic analysis of the kerogen separated from 15 samples of the Gunflint Iron Formation, Ontario, and the conformably overlying Rove Formation. Reasons for which the Gunflint Iron Formation is suitable for such a study of a single Precambrian formation are identified. The general geology of the formation is outlined along with sample selection, description, and preparation. Major conclusions are that the basal Gunflint algal chert and shale facies are depleted in C-13 relative to the chert-carbonate and taconite facies, that differences in the delta C-13 values between Gunflint facies correlate with marked differences in their biological source materials as evidenced by their respective microbiotas, that the anthraxolites are anomalously depleted in C-13 relative to the kerogen of their encompassing cherts and shales, and that the effects of igneous intrusion and concomitant thermal alteration are shown by a marked loss of C-12 at the contact. The demonstration that not all kerogens are isotopically alike stresses the importance of facies data to the interpretation of C-13/C-12 ratios of ancient organic matter.

Barghoorn, E. S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Ground truth management system to support multispectral scanner /MSS/ digital analysis

A computerized geographic information system for management of ground truth has been designed and implemented to relate MSS classification results to in situ observations. The ground truth system transforms, generalizes and rectifies ground observations to conform to the pixel size and shape of high resolution MSS aircraft data. These observations can then be aggregated for comparison to lower resolution sensor data. Construction of a digital ground truth array allows direct pixel by pixel comparison between classification results of MSS data and ground truth. By making comparisons, analysts can identify spatial distribution of error within the MSS data as well as usual figures of merit for the classifications. Use of the ground truth system permits investigators to compare a variety of environmental or anthropogenic data, such as soil color or tillage patterns, with classification results and allows direct inclusion of such data into classification operations. To illustrate the system, examples from classification of simulated Thematic Mapper data for agricultural test sites in North Dakota and Kansas are provided.

Coiner, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Variational electric fields at low latitudes and their relation to spread-F and plasma irregularities

In situ measurements of variational electric fields at low latitudes, taken by OGO 6 satellite instruments, are analyzed. The observations are compared with other data on F region and spread-F structures. Conformity of the electric field fluctuations with the overall picture of low-latitude irregularities is examined empirically and theoretically, and candidate processes for generation of the observed irregularities are considered. Three distinct types of irregularities are delineated and compared.

Holtet, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Light element geochemistry of the Apollo 15 site

Abundances of C, N, S, and He and contents of CH4 and metallic Fe at Hadley-Apennine are typical of a mixed mare and highland environment. Isotopic compositions of C, N, and S similarly conform in most cases to patterns observed elsewhere on the moon. Systematic relationships between S abundance and total Fe content are apparent for crystalline rocks from most landing sites but their full significance is not yet understood.

Kaplan, I. R.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Lift enhancement by an externally trapped vortex

A theoretical study is made of the performance capabilities of a lift concept that utilizes a spanwise vortex over the upper surface of the wing. The vortex is generated by a vertical flap near the leading edge of the wing and maintained by suction through orifices in endplates at the wingtip. The analysis approximates the three-dimensional flow field with a two-dimensional configuration that is mapped by conformal transformation into the flow about a circle. Theoretical solutions for a range of flap and orifice configurations predict that section lift coefficients up to around 10 can be achieved. It is concluded that such a lift concept is applicable to STOL aircraft if the vortex can be adequately stabilized and if the endplate suction can be generated efficiently.

Rossow, V. J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Light energy transduction by the purple membrane of halophilic bacteria; Proceedings of the Symposium, San Francisco, Calif., June 6, 1976

Several aspects of bacteriorhodopsin, the retinal protein component of the purple membranes of Halobacterium halobium, are discussed. Structural studies are presented. Photochemical properties of the protein complex and of its chromophore are described. Proton translocation of bacteriorhodopsin is compared to that of a protein from a thermophilic bacterium. Ionophore activity of bacteriorhodopsin is considered with attention to conformational changes, light dependency, and electrical potential. Amino acid transport is also examined and the light-energy budget is investigated. Bacteriorhodopsin is of interest because of its similarity to rhodopsin, which plays a major role in mammalian vision, and also because its attainability and distinctive characteristics will facilitate studies of certain bacterial physiological functions, such as ion transport and membrane organization.

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