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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 613 records · Page 34
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

In-situ monitoring of atomically dispersed Pt sites supported on OMS-2 during CO 2 activation

Atomically dispersed catalysts have drawn great interest lately, as they showcase a high density of active sites, selectivity, and high turnover frequencies in oxidation chemistry due to labile oxygen activation. In contrast, the applications of these catalysts have lagged in reduction reactions due to the ambiguity caused by the sintering and restructuring of active sites. To bridge this gap, the evolution of Pt 4+ isomorphically substituted into an octahedral molecular sieve structure (OMS-2) under reductive conditions was correlatively characterized using multiple in-situ analytical techniques such as ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, environmental transmission electron microscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. The surface dynamics of the Pt single atoms were revealed during the Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reaction, where the active sites were identified as two-coordinated platinum single atoms. Under reaction, we show nonbinding atoms adjacent to the single atoms restructured the motif of the single atoms to Pt 2+ via ion mobility of potassium, increasing the activation energy by 25.6 kJ/mol. Here, this work also highlights the potential for increased stability of the single atom sites via isomorphic substitution of the metal oxide support, since the Pt-OMS-2 catalyst retained activity for about 33 h before deactivation, after which nanoparticles were observed in TEM images. This work offers a new perspective in single atom synthesis using the metal oxide as the host for the single atom site, instead of adatoms on the surface

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2012

Metal-Assisted Hydrogen Storage on Pt-Decorated Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns

The catalytic dissociation of hydrogen molecules by metal nanoparticles and spillover of atomic hydrogen onto various supports is a well-established phenomenon in catalysis. However, the mechanisms by which metal catalyst nanoparticles can assist in enhanced hydrogen storage on high-surface area supports are still under debate. Experimental measurements of metal-assisted hydrogen storage have been hampered by inaccurate estimation of atomically stored hydrogen deduced from comparative measurements between metal-decorated and undecorated samples. Here we report a temperature cycling technique combined with inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements of quantum rotational transitions of molecular H2 to more accurately quantify adsorbed hydrogen aided by catalytic particles using single samples. Temperature cycling measurements on single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) decorated with 2-3 nm Pt nanoparticles showed 0.17 % mass fraction of metal-assisted hydrogen storage (at 0.5 MPa) at room temperature. Temperature cycling of Pt-decorated SWCNHs using a Sievert s apparatus also indicated metal-assisted hydrogen adsorption of 0.08 % mass fraction at 5 MPa at room temperature. No additional metal-assisted hydrogen storage was observed in SWCNH samples without Pt nanoparticles cycled to room temperature, or in Pt-SWCNHs when the temperature was cycled to less than 150K. The possible formation of C-H bonds due to spilled-over atomic hydrogen was also investigated using both INS and density functional theory calculations.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2017

Role of Pt during hydrodeoxygenation of biomass pyrolysis vapors over Pt/HBEA

1.3 wt% Pt/HBEA and HBEA were studied as catalysts for the hydrodeoxygenation of pine pyrolysis vapors at 500 °C. Both catalysts showed high initial conversion of oxygenated pyrolysis products into aromatic hydrocarbons, while Pt/HBEA showed higher stability in terms of hydrocarbon productivity and deferred breakthrough of oxygenated compounds. Among 1-, 2- and 3-ring aromatic hydrocarbons, Pt/HBEA had a significantly higher selectivity than HBEA towards unalkylated aromatics (e.g., benzene) as compared to the corresponding alkylated aromatics (e.g., toluene and xylene). Additionally, Pt addition to HBEA decreased coke deposition and improved resistance to pore and acid site blockage as determined by TPO, N 2 physisorption, and NH 3 TPD. The ability of Pt to promote cleavage and hydrogenation of methoxy and methyl groups was observed by increased methane production over Pt/HBEA relative to HBEA. A progressive decrease in the methane production over Pt/HBEA correlated with deactivation in terms of reduced benzene formation, breakthrough of oxygenated products, and increased formation of polynuclear aromatics and their degree of substitution, which indicate coke formation. In conclusion, the increased methane yield and suppressed coke formation with the addition of Pt is attributed to hydrogen spillover, through which hydrogen activated on Pt can subsequently migrate to the HBEA support to reverse the coke-forming hydrogen abstraction reaction.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Engineering stable Pt nanoparticles and oxygen vacancies on defective TiO 2 via introducing strong electronic metal-support interaction for efficient CO 2 photoreduction

This work for the first time reports the promoting effect of strong electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) in Pt/TiO 2 -V O (V O : oxygen vacancy) for gas-phase CO 2 photoreduction. A novel in-situ surface hydrogenation was developed to prepare hydrogenated Pt/TiO 2 -V O in a continuous, high throughput diffusion flame aerosol reactor. The combined results of various characterization techniques confirmed the presence of EMSI between Pt and defective TiO 2 -V O resulted in the enhanced electronic density of Pt nanoparticles. Both the modulated electronic structure of Pt and surface oxygen vacancies simultaneously promoted the activation of surface adsorbed carbon intermediates and facilitated the separation of photogenerated charges, eventually boosting the photocatalytic activity of Pt/TiO 2 -V O . The optimized Pt/TiO 2 -V O demonstrated a high quantum yield of 1.49% with high CH 4 selectivity (81%), which rendered 5.8- and 1.2-fold enhancements over its counterparts of TiO 2 -V O and Pt/TiO 2 . More importantly, the EMSI also played a critical role in preserving the surface metallic Pt 0 and oxygen vacancies, and in sustaining high activity of the Pt/TiO 2 -V O , whereas rapid catalytic deactivation are observed for both TiO 2 -V O and Pt/TiO 2 .

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Atomic layer deposition of Pt@CsH 2 PO 4 for the cathodes of solid acid fuel cells

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been used to apply continuous Pt films on powders of the solid acid CsH 2 PO 4 (CDP), in turn, used in the preparation of cathodes in solid acid fuel cells (SAFCs). The film deposition was carried out at 150 °C using trimethyl(methylcyclopentadienyl)platinum (MeCpPtMe 3 ) as the Pt source and ozone as the reactant for ligand removal. Chemical analysis showed a Pt growth rate of 0.09 ± 0.01 wt%/cycle subsequent to an initial nucleation delay of 84 ± 20 cycles. Electron microscopy revealed the contiguous nature of the films prepared using 200 or more cycles. The cathode overpotential (0.48 ± 0.02 V at a current density of 200 mA/cm 2 ) was independent of Pt deposition amount beyond the minimum required to achieve these continuous films. The cell electrochemical characteristics were moreover extremely stable with time, with the cathode overpotentials increasing by no more than 10 mV over a 100 h period of measurement. So, ALD holds promise as an effective tool in the preparation of SAFC cathodes with high activity and excellent stability.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2020

DFT and microkinetic comparison of Pt, Pd and Rh-catalyzed ammonia oxidation

Ammonia oxidation is the heart of the Ostwald process and is important in emissions control. Catalytic behaviors are a function of conditions and are observed to vary across the platinum group metals (PGMs) Pt, Pd, Rh. Here, we combine density functional theory computations and microkinetic modeling to rationalize these dependencies. We compute reactions over model (2 1 1) and (1 1 1) surfaces of PGMs. Binding energies are similar on Pd and Pt and generally greater on Rh, while activation energies vary across all metals. Rates on (2 1 1) surfaces are greater than (1 1 1) surfaces. Additionally, the stepped Pt is most active and stepped Rh most selective to N 2 at ammonia slip conditions, while at Ostwald process conditions, stepped Pd is most active and stepped Pt most selective to NO. Degree of rate and selectivity control analysis provides insights into the reactions limiting performance of PGMs. Both activation barriers and surface coverages influence rates and selectivities.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2013

Preparation and photocatalytic activity for water splitting of Pt-Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays

Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays were prepared by hydrothermal method from Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} nanotube arrays, obtained by anodization of Ta foils, in Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} solution at 150 Degree-Sign C. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Analysis results show that pyrochlore structure Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays have been successfully fabricated. The diameters and lengths of Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays are 50 nm and 4 {mu}m, respectively. The photocatalytic hydrogen production activities of the as-synthesized Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays are highly dependent on the hydrothermal reaction time and Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} concentration, optimized reaction parameters are obtained. To further improve the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution, Pt loaded Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays are prepared by photochemical reduction method. The Pt loaded samples exhibit much higher activity for hydrogen evolution than pure Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays. Moreover, the photocatalytic hydrogen properties are rather stable. - Graphical abstract: Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays were synthesized by hydrothermal method using Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} nanotube arrays as a precursor. The loaded Pt enhances the photocatalytic activity for water splitting of Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Novel Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube array films with pyrochlore structure were synthesized. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays are active for H{sub 2} evolution from aqueous CH{sub 3}OH solution. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The effect of hydrothermal conditions on photocatalytic activity was investigated. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pt loading can improve the photocatalytic activities of Na{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 6} nanotube arrays. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Photocatalytic mechanism is proposed based on the experimental results.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Phase investigation in Pt supported off-stoichiometric iron-platinum thin films

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Low temperature FePt L1{sub 0} phase transformation using Pt/Fe{sub 3}Pt/Pt structure. • Temperature dependent FCC to FCT phase investigation using Rietveld refinement. • Estimation of soft and hard ferromagnetic contribution from demagnetization curve. • Interlayer diffusion and stoichiometry conformation of L1{sub 0} phase using RBS. • Correlation of structural, magnetic and RBS studies were successfully understood. - Abstract: The structural and magnetic phase transformation of Pt/Fe{sub 3}Pt/Pt films on Si <1 0 0> substrates prepared by DC magnetron sputtering is investigated as a function of annealing temperature. Pt diffusion driven low temperature phase transformation from A1 to L1{sub 0} phase is achieved at 300 °C, attaining a very high coercivity of 9 kOe. At 300 °C, 85% L1{sub 0} phase transformation is observed using the X-ray diffraction profile fitting. The estimated phase content is also further verified by fitting the demagnetization curve. The underlayer promotes the ordering at lower temperature while overlayer induces growth along (0 0 1) preferred orientation. Rutherford back scattering study reveals interlayer diffusion and confirms the desired stoichiometry for L1{sub 0} phase. The presence of Pt under-overlayer provides the Pt source and further facilitates the Pt diffusion, which makes it effective in promoting the phase ordering at a lower temperature.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Facile preparation and improved photocatalytic H{sub 2}-production of Pt-decorated CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanorods

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Pt-CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanorods were firstly realized by electrospinning. • They exhibited high photocatalytic H{sub 2} production activity. • The mechanism of the high performance was discussed. - Abstract: Pt-CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanorods with different molar ratios of Cd:Ti were prepared through an electrospinning method followed by sulfidation treatment and photodeposition. The nanorod-like samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence spectra (PL), and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The results indicated that the as-prepared samples exhibited wider light absorption range and lower recombination rate of photogenerated electron–hole pairs after the introduction of Pt and CdS. The photocatalysis experiments showed that Pt-modified CdS/TiO{sub 2} nanorods exhibited much higher activities than pure TiO{sub 2} in the evolution of hydrogen under simulated solar light irradiation.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Facile synthesis and remarkable hydrogen sensing performance of Pt-loaded SnO2 hollow microspheres

Highlights: • SnO{sub 2} HMSs were prepared via a facile hydrothermal route without any additive templates. • Pt-SnO{sub 2} sensor exhibits excellent selectivity to hydrogen at room temperature. • Response of Pt-SnO{sub 2} sensor to 200 ppm H{sub 2} is 21 at 50 °C with a response time of 4 s. - Abstract: SnO{sub 2} hollow microspheres (HMSs) have been prepared through a facile hydrothermal route combining with subsequent calcination without any additive templates. The obtained porous SnO{sub 2} HMSs process a large specific surface area of 64.2 m{sup 2}·g{sup –1} and exhibit high gas sensing capabilities. Surface loading Pt nanoparticles on SnO{sub 2} HMSs improves the sensor response and reduces the operating temperature for achieving high sensitivity, fast response and excellent selectivity to hydrogen at room temperature. The sensor response to 200 ppm H{sub 2} is 21 at 50 °C with a response time of 4 s. These remarking sensing properties are attributed to the synergism provided by the unique porous hollow spherical structure of SnO{sub 2} HMSs and the catalytic activity of Pt nanoparticles.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Pt 3 Re alloy nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

Development of renewable energy technologies requires advanced catalysts for efficient electrical-chemical energy conversion reactions. Here in this paper, we report the study of Pt-Re alloy nanoparticles as an electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). An organic solution approach is developed to synthesize monodisperse and homogeneous Pt 3 Re alloy nanoparticles. Electrochemical studies show that these nanoparticles exhibit an improvement factor of 4 in catalytic activity for the ORR compared to commercial Pt catalysts of similar particle sizes. Fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationship is established by combining material characterization using X-ray spectroscopy and atomically resolved electron microscopy, as well as Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Lastly, our work revealed that an electronic modification of the surface properties of Pt by subsurface Re (ligand effect) accounts for the catalytic enhancement.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Calorimetric measurement of adsorption and adhesion energies of Cu on Pt(111)

The adsorption energies of submonolayer amounts of one metal on the surface of another metal have been measured for decades by temperature programmed desorption. However, that method fails for metals that alloy. We report here the first measurement of the adsorption energy for any such metal-on-metal combination that forms a bulk alloy. The adsorption and interfacial energetics of vapor deposited Cu onto Pt(111) at 300 K has been studied herein using single crystal adsorption calorimetry (SCAC) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Cu grows as 2D pseudomorphic islands in the first layer and its heat of adsorption decreased linearly from 358 to 339 kJ/mol. This is attributed to increasing lattice strain with island size, associated with the small lattice mismatch (8%). It adsorbs ~2 kJ/mol more weakly in the 2nd layer than above 3 ML, where it reaches the bulk heat of sublimation of Cu(solid), 337 kJ/mol. The adhesion energy of multilayer Cu onto Pt(111) is 3.76 J/m 2 . The extra stability of the first Cu monolayer compared to bulk Cu measured here is ~12 kJ/mol, compared to a difference of ~83 kJ/mol for underpotential deposition of Cu on a Pt(111) electrode, with the difference attributed to stronger bonding of Cu to the solvent and double layer compared to Pt.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Weakening the strength of CO binding on subsurface alloyed Pt(111)

The interaction of CO with Pt/3d/Pt(111) subsurface alloys (3d: Ni, Co, Fe) was investigated by combination of vibrational spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption. The binding strength of CO is significantly reduced on Pt/Fe/Pt(111) and Pt/Co/Pt(111) and is sorted in the following order: Pt>Ni>Co≈Fe. Our analysis shows that the 3d admetal is stable in the subsurface region and CO is linearly bonded to the atop sites of the Pt(111) surface. At high CO coverage, compressed structures are obtained. At low CO coverage, the desorption activation energy of CO (~143 kJ/mol for Pt(111)) drops to 124 kJ/mol for Pt/Ni/Pt(111), and goes further down to 111 and 110 kJ/mol for Pt/Co/Pt(111) and Pt/Fe/Pt(111), respectively. Here, the enhancement in the surface activity is attributed to the modified backdonation to the antibonding states of adsorbed CO due to the downshifted 5d-band center of Pt upon embedding 3d metals in the subsurface region.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Adsorption and activation of CO 2 on Pt/CeOx/TiO 2 (110): Role of the Pt-CeO x interface

The adsorption and dissociation of CO 2 on TiO 2 (110), CeO x /TiO 2 (110) and Pt/CeO x /TiO 2 (110) surfaces has been examined using Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (AP-XPS). The substrates under study exhibited different degrees of complexity which were tested for the binding of the adsorbate and the cleavage of C-O bonds. The surfaces were prepared by depositing CeO x (0.1 ML) onto TiO 2 (110) to form a mixed oxide support, onto which Pt nanoparticles (0.2 ML) were deposited. This configuration yields a complex set of interfaces between metal and oxides and we have systematically titrated the active role of each component (Pt 4f, Ce 3d and Ti 2p regions) and the arising surface intermediates (C 1s and O 1s regions). CO 2 barely bonds to stoichiometric TiO 2 (110). It heals oxygen vacancies of this oxide surface (CO 2,gas → CO gas + O a ) and does not form stable carbonates. A stable carbonate was seen upon adsorption of CO 2 on CeO x /TiO 2 (110) and on this type of substrate the adsorbate also removed O vacancies leading to the oxidation of Ti 3+ and Ce 3+ sites. Pt nanoparticles dispersed on CeO x /TiO 2 (110) were highly effective for the binding and dissociation of CO 2 , with the formation of CO 3 , CO, C and CH x species on the Pt/CeO x /TiO 2 (110) system. The results of theoretical calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT) show that Pt/CeOx/TiO2(110) binds CO2 much stronger than surfaces of bulk platinum {(111), (100), (110)} or other late transition metals. On a Pt-CeO x interface, the molecule adsorbs with a bent configuration (~ 130° O-C-O bond angle) and with a substantial elongation (~ 0.1 Å) of the C-O bonds, facilitating its transformation into high value chemicals.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

High-Loading Intermetallic Pt 3 Co/C Core–Shell Nanoparticles as Enhanced Activity Electrocatalysts toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR)

A facile, seed-mediated growth method and postannealing treatment have been employed to synthesize a single-phase 40% mass loading intermetallic Pt 3 Co/Vulcan electrocatalyst, enabling the electrocatalytic layer to be thinner and thus lowering the mass transport resistance for the ORR in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). These 40% Pt 3 Co/C nanocatalysts exhibited superior kinetics toward the ORR, relative to a 20% Pt 3 Co/C catalyst, and only showed a slight degradation in the half-wave potential and electrochemical surface area after a 4000-cycle stability test. The high activity and stability are attributed to a stable intermetallic Pt3Co core with a Pt shell two to three atomic layers thick, as well as to its good dispersion on the support. This seed-mediated growth approach and postannealing treatment provide a new strategy to ensure single-phase formation and uniform particle size distribution for other high-mass-loading binary intermetallic/alloy electrocatalyst systems and can contribute to the practical commercialization of PEMFCs, especially in high-current-density applications, such as automotive

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Structural Insights into the Vapochromic Behavior of Pt- and Pd-Based Compounds

Anionic complexes having vapochromic behavior are investigated: [K(H 2 O)][M(ppy)(CN) 2 ], [K(H 2 O)][M(bzq)(CN) 2 ], and [Li(H 2 O) n ][Pt(bzq)(CN) 2 ], where ppy = 2-phenylpyridinate, bzq = 7,8-benzoquinolate, and M = Pt(II) or Pd(II). These hydrated potassium/lithium salts exhibit a change in color upon being heated to 380 K, and they transform back into the original color upon absorption of water molecules from the environment. The challenging characterization of their structure in the vapochromic transition has been carried out by combining several experimental techniques, despite the availability of partially ordered and/or impure crystalline material. Room-temperature single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction investigation revealed that [K(H 2 O)][Pt(ppy)(CN) 2 ] crystallizes in the Pbca space group and is isostructural to [K(H 2 O)][Pd(ppy)(CN) 2 ]. Variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction allowed the color transition to be related to changes in the diffraction pattern and the decrease in sample crystallinity. Water loss, monitored by thermogravimetric analysis, occurs in two stages, well separated for potassium Pt compounds and strongly overlapped for potassium Pd compounds. Furthermore, the local structure of potassium compounds was monitored by in situ pair distribution function (PDF) measurements, which highlighted changes in the intermolecular distances due to a rearrangement of the crystal packing upon vapochromic transition.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Can Excited State Electronic Coherence Be Tuned via Molecular Structural Modification? A First-Principles Quantum Electronic Dynamics Study of Pyrazolate-Bridged Pt(II) Dimers

Materials and molecular systems exhibiting long-lived electronic coherence can facilitate coherent transport, opening the door to efficient charge and energy transport beyond traditional methods. Recently, signatures of a possible coherent, recurrent electronic motion were identified in femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy experiments on a binuclear platinum complex, where a persistent periodic beating in the transient absorption signal’s anisotropy was observed. In this study, we investigate the excitonic dynamics that underlie the suspected electronic coherence for a series of binuclear platinum complexes exhibiting a range of interplatinum distances. Results suggest that the long-lived coherence can only result when competitive electronic couplings are in balance. At longer Pt-Pt distances, the electronic couplings between the two halves of the binuclear system weaken, and exciton localization and recombination is favored on short time scales. For short Pt-Pt distances, electronic couplings between the states in the coherent superposition are stronger than the coupling with other excitonic states, leading to long-lived coherence.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2022

A Study of How LaFeO 3 and CaTiO 3 Supports Affect the Oxidation, Hydrogenation, and Methane Steam Reforming Activity of Pt and Ni Catalysts

The structure and catalytic properties of Pt and Ni supported on thin films of LaFeO 3 and CaTiO 3 , prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), were investigated. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) show that reduction at 1073 K causes Pt-Fe intermetallic compound formation for Pt/LaFeO 3 . For Pt/CaTiO 3 , 1073-K reduction induces local decomposition of the CaTiO 3 with migration of Ti to the Pt. Reduced Pt/LaFeO 3 and Pt/CaTiO 3 exhibited CO-oxidation activity similar to that for Pt supported on MgAl 2 O 4 but were much less active for propane oxidation and hydrogenation of 1-hexene and toluene. In contrast, Ni/CaTiO 3 behaved similarly to a conventional supported Ni catalyst for the methane-steam-reforming (MSR) and 1-hexene hydrogenation. There was also no evidence for local decomposition of the perovskite in the vicinity of the Ni particles. Furthermore, the results obtained in this study demonstrate that metal-perovskite interactions that affect reactivity are specific to each component.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗