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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 613 records · Page 34
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1975

Three-dimensional reconstruction and display of the heart, lungs and circulation by multiplanar X-ray scanning videodensitometry

A device was developed which makes possible the dynamic reconstruction of the heart and lungs within the intact thorax of a living dog or human and which can record approximately 30 multiplanar X-ray images of the thorax practically instantaneously, and at frequent enough intervals of time and with sufficient density and spatial resolution to capture and resolve the most rapid changes in cardiac structural detail throughout each cardiac cycle. It can be installed in a clinical diagnostic setting as well as in a research environment and its construction and application for determination and display in real-time modes of cross sections of the functioning thorax and its contents of living animals and man is technologically feasible.

Robb, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Quick and Dirty WFPC2 Stellar Photometry

The latest release of the IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility) MXTOOLS package includes the new tasks QDWFPC2 (Quick and Dirty Wide Field and Planetary Camera, which does quick CCD (charge-coupled device) stellar photometry on two Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 (Wide Field and Planetary Camera) observations: WFPC2COLOR, which converts HST WFPC2 instrumental magnitudes to standard colors using the Holtzman et al. color equations, and QDCMD (Quick and Dirty Color Magnitude Diagram), which reads the output of WFPC2COLOR and displays a color-magnitude diagram on a user-chosen graphics device.

Mighell, Kenneth J.↗
DOE OSTI2015

Tunable strong nonlinearity of a micromechanical beam embedded in a dc-superconducting quantum interference device

We present a study of the controllable nonlinear dynamics of a micromechanical beam coupled to a dc-SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device). The coupling between these systems places the modes of the beam in a highly nonlinear potential, whose shape can be altered by varying the bias current and applied flux of the SQUID. We detect the position of the beam by placing it in an optical cavity, which sets free the SQUID to be used solely for actuation. This enables us to probe the previously unexplored full parameter space of this device. We measure the frequency response of the beam and find that it displays a Duffing oscillator behavior which is periodic in the applied magnetic flux. To account for this, we develop a model based on the standard theory for SQUID dynamics. In addition, with the aim of understanding if the device can reach nonlinearity at the single phonon level, we use this model to show that the responsivity of the current circulating in the SQUID to the position of the beam can become divergent, with its magnitude limited only by noise. This suggests a direction for the generation of macroscopically distinguishable superposition states of the beam.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2014

Creation of a U.S. Phosphorescent OLED Lighting Panel Manufacturing Facility

Universal Display Corporation (UDC) has pioneered high efficacy phosphorescent OLED (PHOLED™) technology to enable the realization of an exciting new form of high quality, energy saving solid-date lighting. In laboratory test devices, we have demonstrated greater than 100 lm/W conversion efficacy. In this program, Universal Display will demonstrate the scalability of its proprietary UniversalPHOLED technology and materials for the manufacture of white OLED lighting panels that meet commercial lighting targets. Moser Baer Technologies will design and build a U.S.- based pilot facility. The objective of this project is to establish a pilot phosphorescent OLED (PHOLED) manufacturing line in the U.S. Our goal is that at the end of the project, prototype lighting panels could be provided to U.S. luminaire manufacturers for incorporation into products to facilitate the testing of design concepts and to gauge customer acceptance, so as to facilitate the growth of the embryonic U.S. OLED lighting industry. In addition, the team will provide a cost of ownership analysis to quantify production costs including OLED performance metrics which relate to OLED cost such as yield, materials usage, cycle time, substrate area, and capital depreciation. This project was part of a new DOE initiative designed to help establish and maintain U.S. leadership in this program will support key DOE objectives by showing a path to meet Department of Energy Solid-State Lighting Manufacturing Roadmap cost targets, as well as meeting its efficiency targets by demonstrating the energy saving potential of our technology through the realization of greater than 76 lm/W OLED lighting panels by 2012.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2017

Thermally managed LED arrays assembled by printing

Provided herein are electronic devices including arrays of printable light emitting diodes (LEDs) having device geometries and dimensions providing enhanced thermal management and control relative to conventional LED-based lighting systems. The systems and methods described provide large area, transparent, and/or flexible LED arrays useful for a range of applications in microelectronics, including display and lightning technology. Methods are also provided for assembling and using electronic devices including thermally managed arrays of printable light emitting diodes (LEDs).

Rogers, John A.↗
DOE OSTI2014

SU-E-J-211: Design and Study of In-House Software Based Respiratory Motion Monitoring, Controlling and Breath-Hold Device for Gated Radiotherapy

Purpose: The purpose of this present work was to fabricate an in-house software based respiratory monitoring, controlling and breath-hold device using computer software programme which guides the patient to have uniform breath hold in response to request during the gated radiotherapy. Methods: The respiratory controlling device consists of a computer, inhouse software, video goggles, a highly sensitive sensor for measurement of distance, mounting systems, a camera, a respiratory signal device, a speaker and a visual indicator. The computer is used to display the respiratory movements of the patient with digital as well as analogue respiration indicators during the respiration cycle, to control, breath-hold and analyze the respiratory movement using indigenously developed software. Results: Studies were conducted with anthropomophic phantoms by simulating the respiratory motion on phantoms and recording the respective movements using the respiratory monitoring device. The results show good agreement between the simulated and measured movements. Further studies were conducted for 60 cancer patients with several types of cancers in the thoracic region. The respiratory movement cycles for each fraction of radiotherapy treatment were recorded and compared. Alarm indications are provided in the system to indicate when the patient breathing movement exceeds the threshold level. This will help the patient to maintain uniform breath hold during the radiotherapy treatment. Our preliminary clinical test results indicate that our device is highly reliable and able to maintain the uniform respiratory motion and breathe hold during the entire course of gated radiotherapy treatment. Conclusion: An indigenous respiratory monitoring device to guide the patient to have uniform breath hold device was fabricated. The alarm feature and the visual waveform indicator in the system guide the patient to have normal respiration. The signal from the device can be connected to the radiation unit in near future to carry out the gated radiotherapy treatment.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

System and method for transparent augmented reality

A system and method for displaying augmented reality information for a real object. A transparent display displays the information for the real object within a field of view, such that the information and the real object are simultaneously viewable by a user. Data-gathering peripheral devices gather data of the field of view, including a camera gathering visual data for tracking the real object. An articulating arm moveably supports and facilitates repositioning the display and redirecting the data-gathering peripheral devices in a particular direction. A security interlock disables the data-gathering peripherals when the articulating arm is moved beyond a pre-established threshold, thereby preventing the data-gathering peripherals from gathering data of a real environment outside of a limit of the field of view as determined by the pre-established threshold. The security interlock may include an adjustable contact switch which adjustably defines the pre-established threshold in at least one direction.

Runyan, Paul Ryan↗
DOE OSTI2023

Highly Flexible Dielectric Films from Solution Processable Covalent Organic Frameworks**

Abstract Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are known to be a promising class of materials for a wide range of applications, yet their poor solution processability limits their utility in many areas. Here we report a pore engineering method using hydrophilic side chains to improve the processability of hydrazone and β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs and the production of flexible, crystalline films. Mechanical measurements of the free‐standing COF films of COF‐PEO‐3 (hydrazone‐linked) and TFP‐PEO‐3 (β‐ketoenamine‐linked), revealed a Young's modulus of 391.7 MPa and 1034.7 MPa, respectively. The solubility and excellent mechanical properties enabled the use of these COFs in dielectric devices. Specifically, the TFP‐PEO‐3 film‐based dielectric capacitors display simultaneously high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, resulting in a discharged energy density of 11.22 J cm −3 . This work offers a general approach for producing solution processable COFs and mechanically flexible COF‐based films, which hold great potential for use in energy storage and flexible electronics applications.

Senarathna, Milinda C.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Tailoring Negative Thermal Expansion via Tunable Induced Strain in La–Fe–Si-Based Multifunctional Material

Zero thermal expansion (ZTE) composites are typically designed by combining positive (PTE) with negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials acting as compensators and have many diverse applications, including in high-precision instrumentation and biomedical devices. La(Fe 1-x ,Si x )13-based compounds display several remarkable properties, such as giant magnetocaloric effect and very large NTE at room-temperature. Both are linked via strong magnetovolume coupling, which leads to sharp magnetic and volume changes occurring simultaneously across first-order phase transitions; the abrupt nature of these changes makes them unsuitable as thermal expansion compensators. To make these materials more useful practically, the mechanisms controlling the temperature over which this transition occurs and the magnitude of contraction need to be controlled. In this work, ball-milling was used to decrease particles and crystallite sizes and increase the strain in LaFe 11.9 Mn 0.27 Si 1.29 H x alloys. Such size and strain tuning effectively broadened the temperature over which this transition occurs. The material’s NTE operational temperature window was expanded, and its peak was suppressed by up to 85%. This work demonstrates that induced strain is the key mechanism controlling these materials’ phase transitions. This allows the optimization of their thermal expansion towards room-temperature ZTE-applications.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

The role of a LiF layer on the performance of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/Si organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells

We report an ultra-thin layer of lithium fluoride (LiF) between silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al) in a Si/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hybrid solar cell which resulted in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.09%. The insertion of a thin layer of LiF improved the contact between Si and Al, which decreased the contact resistance from 5.4 × 10{sup −1} Ω cm{sup 2} to 2.6 × 10{sup −2} Ω cm{sup 2}. Also, the electron transport from Si to Al was improved and charge carrier recombination was suppressed. As a result, the short circuit current density, the open circuit voltage, and the fill factor were all improved with the presence of the LiF layer. The solar cell with the LiF/Al bilayer as a cathode displayed a 14.45% enhancement on PCE when compared with the device using pristine Al as a cathode.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Detrimental influence of catalyst seeding on the device properties of CVD-grown 2D layered materials: A case study on MoSe{sub 2}

Seed catalyst such as perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid tetrapotassium (PTAS) salt has been used for promoting the growth of atomically thin layered materials in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis. However, the ramifications from the usage of such catalyst are not known comprehensively. Here, we report the influence of PTAS seeding on the transistor device performance from few-layered CVD-grown molybdenum diselenide (MoSe{sub 2}) flakes. While better repeatability and higher yield can be obtained with the use of PTAS seeds in synthesis, we observed that PTAS-seeded flakes contain particle impurities. Moreover, devices from PTAS-seeded MoSe{sub 2} flakes consistently displayed poorer field-effect mobility, current on-off ratio, and subthreshold swing as compared to unseeded flakes.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2026

Space-Charge-Limited van der Waals Spin Transistor

Integrating semiconducting and magnetic materials could combine transistorlike operation with nonvolatility and enable architectures such as logic in memory. Here, in this work, we employ correlated electrical transport and scanning nitrogen-vacancy center magnetic imaging to elucidate a spin transistor concept that amalgamates vertical and lateral hopping transport inside a 2D antiferromagnetic semiconductor, mechanistically distinct from vertical tunneling devices. Our device, based on a monolayer-bilayer junction in CrSBr, displays giant, gate-tunable magnetoresistance driven by the dual action of electrostatic doping on space-charge-limited lateral conduction and interlayer exchange coupling. Moreover, we visualize a field-trainable, layer-sharing effect that selects between coherent or domain-wall reversal at the spin-flip transition, enabling multilevel, memristive conductance states. Our layer-dependent space charge mechanism for convergent electrical and magnetic control opens opportunities to address limitations in contemporary computing.

2-dimensional systems↗
DOE OSTI2024

Volumetric carrier injection in InGaN quantum well light emitting diodes

InGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) light emitting diodes (LEDs) are essential components of solid-state lighting and displays. However, the efficiency of long wavelength (green to red) devices is inferior to that of blue LEDs. To a large degree, this occurs because the equilibration of injected holes between multiple QWs of the active region is hindered by GaN quantum confinement and polarization barriers. This drawback could be overcome by volumetric hole injection into all QWs through semipolar QWs present on the facets of V-defects that form at threading dislocations in polar GaN-based structures. In this work, we have tested the viability of this injection mechanism and studied its properties by time-resolved and near-field spectroscopy techniques. Here, we have found that indeed the hole injection via the V-defects does take place, the mechanism is fast, and the hole spread from the V-defect is substantial, making this type of injection feasible for efficient long wavelength GaN LEDs.

InGaN/GaN quantum wells↗
NASA NTRS1970

Ground computer test trap

Test trap consists of logic nest of five printed circuit boards, plus power supply within the unit. Device monitors more than one logic area simultaneously, gives visual display of detected error, operates at computer speed, maintains readily available logic description of cards used, and is compatible with existing computer circuitry.

Fondrie, D. G.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Strain-biased PLZT input devices /page composers/ for holographic memories and optical data processing.

The features of a new class of transparent ferroelectric ceramic materials, called PLZT, are described. PLZT are shown to have very strong electrooptic properties and memory, and are switched through transparent electrodes when mechanically strained. Because of these properties, they can be used to fabricate two-dimensional page composers for coherent optical systems. Techniques for fabricating such devices are outlined along with preliminary test results. Applications in displays are shown to be also feasible.

Roberts, H. N.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Visual projection reticle

Small lightweight device visually superimposes visual-sensitivity and response contours on displays and instrument panels. Optical system provides 45 deg arc/diameter field of view; however, special wide-angle optics can be substituted without significant size or weight penalty.

Haines, R. F.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Two-phase working fluids for the temperature range of 50 to 350 deg, phase 2

Several two phase heat transfer fluids were tested in aluminum and carbon steel reflux capsules for over 25,000 hours at temperatures up to 300 C. Several fluids showed very good stability and would be useful for long duration heat transfer applications over the range 100 to 350 C. Instrumentation for the measurement of surface tension and viscosity were constructed for use with heat transfer fluids over the temperature range 0 to 300 C and with pressures from 0 to 10 atmospheres. The surface tension measuring device constructed requires less than a 1.0 cc sample and displays an accuracy of about 5 percent in preliminary tests, while the viscometer constructed for this program requires a 0.05 cc sample and shows an accuracy of about 5 percent in initial tests.

Saaski, E. W.↗