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At least 595 records · Page 33
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Data handling and analysis for the 1971 corn blight watch experiment.

Review of the data handling and analysis methods used in the near-operational test of remote sensing systems provided by the 1971 corn blight watch experiment. The general data analysis techniques and, particularly, the statistical multispectral pattern recognition methods for automatic computer analysis of aircraft scanner data are described. Some of the results obtained are examined, and the implications of the experiment for future data communication requirements of earth resource survey systems are discussed.

Anuta, P. E.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Optical computing.

Applications of the optical computer include an approach for increasing the sharpness of images obtained from the most powerful electron microscopes and fingerprint/credit card identification. The information-handling capability of the various optical computing processes is very great. Modern synthetic-aperture radars scan upward of 100,000 resolvable elements per second. Fields which have assumed major importance on the basis of optical computing principles are optical image deblurring, coherent side-looking synthetic-aperture radar, and correlative pattern recognition. Some examples of the most dramatic image deblurring results are shown.

Stroke, G. W.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Orientation: Sensory basis; Proceedings of the Conference, New York, N.Y., February 8-10, 1971.

Topics related to photoreceptors are considered, giving attention to visual pattern recognition and directional orientation in insects, the sensory basis of orientation in amphibians, and the aerial and underwater visual acuity in the California sea lion as a function of luminance. Other subjects explored are in the fields of phonoreceptors, chemoreception, vestibular receptors, and electrical and magnetic sensitivity. Questions of the development and evolution of orientation are also investigated, taking into account field studies of mass emigration and orientation in the spiny lobster and investigations concerning the jumping behavior in the Gobiid fish. Individual items are announced in this issue.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1973

On optimal modeling of systems.

A procedure for modeling a linear system by an optimal finite-dimensional approximation is developed on the basis of Sard's (1967) generalized spline. Error bounds are given, and the application of the procedure is illustrated by two presented examples. The procedure may be employed, not only in the modeling of conventional lumped-parameter and distributed-parameter continuous dynamical systems, but also in mathematical operations such as those involved in pattern recognition and picture enhancement problems.

De Figueiredo, R. J. P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Remote sensing techniques for support of coastal zone resource management.

Description of remote sensing studies carried out for the purpose of developing and/or demonstrating techniques which can be employed for land use inventory, marsh vegetation classification, and water characteristics surveys. Attention is given to results obtained with (1) photo interpretation techniques and procedures for the development of land use information from high-altitude aircraft and satellite imagery, (2) computer based pattern recognition techniques utilizing multispectral scanner data for marsh vegetation classification, and (3) infrared and microwave techniques for the monitoring and surveying of coastal water temperature and salinity characteristics.

Piland, R. O.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Spectral Survey of Irrigated Region Corps and Soils

The applications of remote sensing techniques to spectral surveys of irrigation, crops, and soils are reported. Topics discussed include: (1) canopy temperature as an indication of plant water stress, (2) temperature of soils and of crop canopies differing in water conditions, (3) ERTS project, (4) spectrum matching and pattern recognition, (5) photographic procedures and interpretation, (6) interaction of light with plants, and (7) plant physiological and histological factors.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1973

Stream network analysis from orbital and suborbital imagery, Colorado River Basin, Texas

The author has identified the following significant results. Orbital SL-2 imagery (earth terrain camera S-190B), received September 5, 1973, was subjected to quantitative network analysis and compared to 7.5 minute topographic mapping (scale: 1/24,000) and U.S.D.A. conventional black and white aerial photography (scale: 1/22,200). Results can only be considered suggestive because detail on the SL-2 imagery was badly obscured by heavy cloud cover. The upper Bee Creek basin was chosen for analysis because it appeared in a relatively cloud-free portion of the orbital imagery. Drainage maps were drawn from the three sources digitized into a computer-compatible format, and analyzed by the WATER system computer program. Even at its small scale (1/172,000) and with bad haze the orbital photo showed much drainage detail. The contour-like character of the Glen Rose Formation's resistant limestone units allowed channel definition. The errors in pattern recognition can be attributed to local areas of dense vegetation and to other areas of very high albedo caused by surficial exposure of caliche. The latter effect caused particular difficulty in the determination of drainage divides.

Baker, V. R.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Holography: A survey

The development of holography and the state of the art in recording and displaying information, microscopy, motion, pictures, and television applications are discussed. In addition to optical holography, information is presented on microwave, acoustic, ultrasonic, and seismic holography. Other subjects include data processing, data storage, pattern recognition, and computer-generated holography. Diagrams of holographic installations are provided. Photographs of typical holographic applications are used to support the theoretical aspects.

Dudley, D. D.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Evaluation and comparison of ERTS measurements of major crops and soil associations for selected test sites in the central United States

The author has identified the following significant results. Multispectral scanner data obtained by ERTS-1 over six test sites in the Central United States were analyzed and interpreted. ERTS-1 data for some of the test sites were geometrically corrected and temporally overlayed. Computer-implemented pattern recognition techniques were used in the analysis of all multispectral data. These techniques were used to evaluate ERTS-1 data as a tool for soil survey. Geology maps and land use inventories were prepared by digital analysis of multispectral data. Identification and mapping of crop species and rangelands were achieved throught the analysis of 1972 and 1973 ERTS-1 data. Multiple dates of ERTS-1 data were examined to determine the variation with time of the areal extent of surface water resources on the Southern Great Plain.

Baumgardner, M. F.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Some after-dinner reflections on system identification

The growth of the field of system identification is discussed along with changes in methodology which have taken place in recent years. The similarity between pattern recognition and system identification is pointed out, involving the modelling in the latter and the feature selection problem in the former. It is stated that once a model is formulated, including the disturbances and measurement errors, the parameter finding can be formulated as a statistical estimation problem. The various techniques and their application are discussed.

Balakrishnan, A. V.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Introduction to computer image processing

Theoretical backgrounds and digital techniques for a class of image processing problems are presented. Image formation in the context of linear system theory, image evaluation, noise characteristics, mathematical operations on image and their implementation are discussed. Various techniques for image restoration and image enhancement are presented. Methods for object extraction and the problem of pictorial pattern recognition and classification are discussed.

Moik, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The utility of ERTS-1 data for applications in agriculture and forestry

A comprehensive study has been undertaken to determine the extent to which ERTS-1 data could be used to detect, identify (classify), locate and measure features of applications interest in the disciplines of Agriculture and Forestry. The study areas included: six counties in five states in which were located examples of the most important crops and practices of American agriculture; and a portion of the Sam Houston National Forest, a typical Gulf coastal plain pine forest. The investigation utilized conventional image interpretation and computer-aided (spectral pattern recognition) analysis using both image products and computer compatible tapes. The emphasis was generally upon the computer-aided techniques. It was concluded that ERTS-1 data can be used to detect, identify, locate and measure a wide array of features of interest in agriculture and forestry.

Erb, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The utility of ERTS-1 data for applications in land use classification

A comprehensive study has been undertaken to determine the extent to which conventional image interpretation and computer-aided (spectral pattern recognition) analysis techniques using ERTS-1 data could be used to detect, identify (classify), locate, and measure current land use over large geographic areas. It can be concluded that most of the level 1 and 2 categories in the USGS Circular no. 671 can be detected in the Houston-Gulf Coast area using a combination of both techniques for analysis. These capabilities could be exercised over larger geographic areas, however, certain factors such as different vegetative cover, topography, etc. may have to be considered in other geographic regions. The best results in identification (classification), location, and measurement of level 1 and 2 type categories appear to be obtainable through automatic data processing of multispectral scanner computer compatible tapes.

Dornbach, J. E.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Techniques for computer-aided analysis of ERTS-1 data, useful in geologic, forest and water resource surveys

Forestry, geology, and water resource applications were the focus of this study, which involved the use of computer-implemented pattern-recognition techniques to analyze ERTS-1 data. The results have proven the value of computer-aided analysis techniques, even in areas of mountainous terrain. Several analysis capabilities have been developed during these ERTS-1 investigations. A procedure to rotate, deskew, and geometrically scale the MSS data results in 1:24,000 scale printouts that can be directly overlayed on 7 1/2 minutes U.S.G.S. topographic maps. Several scales of computer-enhanced "false color-infrared" composites of MSS data can be obtained from a digital display unit, and emphasize the tremendous detail present in the ERTS-1 data. A grid can also be superimposed on the displayed data to aid in specifying areas of interest.

Hoffer, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Burke County wheat feasibility study

A feasibility study was conducted to determine whether wheat could be distinguished from other small grain crops in a selected spring wheat growing area in Burke County, North Dakota using a maximum likelihood classification program and ERTS 1 multispectral band scanner data. ERTS 1 data scenes were selected from passes made on June 5, 1973 and June 23, 1973. The Univac 1108 computer and the LARSYS pattern recognition software package were used in performing the classification. Results of the analysis are provided.

Kunkel, W. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Interpretation techniques

The image enhancement and geometric correction and registration techniques developed and/or demonstrated on ERTS data are relatively mature and greatly enhance the utility of the data for a large variety of users. Pattern recognition was improved by the use of signature extension, feature extension, and other classification techniques. Many of these techniques need to be developed and generalized to become operationally useful. Advancements in the mass precision processing of ERTS were demonstrated, providing the hope for future earth resources data to be provided in a more readily usable state. Also in evidence is an increasing and healthy interaction between the techniques developers and the user/applications investigators.

Dragg, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Remote sensing techniques for mapping range sites and estimating range yield

Image interpretation procedures for determining range yield and for extrapolating range information were investigated for an area of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in southwestern South Dakota. Soil and vegetative data collected in the field utilizing a grid sampling design and digital film data from color infrared film and black and white films were analyzed statistically using correlation and regression techniques. The pattern recognition techniques used were K-class, mode seeking, and thresholding. The herbage yield equation derived for the detailed test site was used to predict yield for an adjacent similar field. The herbage yield estimate for the adjacent field was 1744 lbs. of dry matter per acre and was favorably compared to the mean yield of 1830 lbs. of dry matter per acre based upon ground observations. Also an inverse relationship was observed between vegetative cover and the ratio of MSS 5 to MSS 7 of ERTS-1 imagery.

Benson, L. A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Optical instrumentation engineering in science, technology and society; Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Technical Meeting, San Mateo, Calif., October 16-18, 1972

Visual tracking performance in instrumentation is discussed together with photographic pyrometry in an aeroballistic range, optical characteristics of spherical vapor bubbles in liquids, and the automatic detection and control of surface roughness by coherent diffraction patterns. Other subjects explored are related to instruments, sensors, systems, holography, and pattern recognition. Questions of data handling are also investigated, taking into account minicomputer image storage for holographic interferometry analysis, the design of a video amplifier for a 90 MHz bandwidth, and autostereoscopic screens. Individual items are announced in this issue.

Katz, Y. H.↗