Interpretation of Neutral Charm Mesons near Threshold as Unparticles
Not Available
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
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Results for “nuclear interactions”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Neutrino-Induced Coherent π + Production in C, CH, Fe, and Pb at ⟨ E ν ⟩ ∼ 6 GeV
Not Available
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Evidence of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with COHERENT’s Germanium Array
We report the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on natural germanium, measured at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Ge-Mini detector of the COHERENT collaboration employs large-mass, low-noise, high-purity germanium spectrometers, enabling excellent energy resolution, and an analysis threshold of 1.5 keV electron-equivalent ionization energy. We observe an on-beam excess of 20.6$^{+7.1}_{−6.3}$ counts with a total exposure of 10.22 GWhkg, and we reject the no-CEvNS hypothesis with 3.9𝜎 significance. The result agrees with the predicted standard model of particle physics signal rate within 2𝜎.
Electroweak interaction↗
SSA Monte Carlo and Master Equation Modeling of Neutron Leakage Distributions
Strongly stochastic neutron populations in highly subcritical multiplying media containing weak spontaneous fission sources are unique indicators of the presence of SNM. For instance, in neutron multiplicity counting, an extended tail in the count number probability distribution is observed that is a characteristic of and sensitive to the amount of SNM present. Theoretical modeling and efficient computation of stochastic neutron distributions are complementary to experimental measurements and moreover shed light on the fundamental interactions and transport processes that underlie nuclear signatures. Modeling approaches that are intermediate between gross-system level models and high-fidelity but computationally demanding Monte Carlo simulations are of particular interest in this regard. Furthermore we present three advances on existing work in point kinetic or lumped geometry: (i) implementation of the Stochastic Simulation Algorithm (SSA), a system state-updating Monte Carlo method that is more e cient than single-event Monte Carlo in lumped geometries, (ii) application of the backward Master equation to obtain time-gated count moments, and (iii) reconstructing the count number distribution from the deterministically computed moments using a generalized Laguerre polynomial expansion.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
A Novel Approach for the Intranuclear Cascade [Poster]
Traditional Intranuclear Cascades assume point like interactions $\rightarrow$ neglects interaction range; Propose new algorithm using: Nuclear configurations, Model for wavefunction overlap, Compare approach to traditional Mean Free; Path Algorithm in: pC cross-sections, Nuclear transparency
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Kinematic Imbalance Measurements with Pionless Events at MicroBooNE
MicroBooNE is an 89-ton liquid argon TPC in the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermilab. This talk will present two recent measurements of kinematic imbalance in CC0pi events with single protons in the final state, using three years of MicroBooNE data. The two measurements focus on kinematic imbalance in the plane transverse to the neutrino beam, and a generalisation that extends the measurement in the longitudinal direction. These data are highly sensitive to the details of the nuclear ground state, and final state interactions.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
First Measurements of Differential Cross Sections In Kinematic Imbalance Variables With The MicroBooNE Detector
Making high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters requires an unprecedented understanding of neutrino-nucleus scattering. In this presentation, we present the first muon neutrino charged current double-differential cross sections in kinematic imbalance variables. These variables characterize the imbalance in the plane transverse to an incoming neutrino. We use events with a single muon above 100 MeV/c, a single final state proton above 300 MeV/c, and no recorded final state pions. Thus, these variables act as a direct probe of nuclear effects such as final state interactions, Fermi motion, and multi-nucleon processes. We also present a complementary ongoing analysis using electron neutrinos. This channel is of the utmost importance for the extraction of neutrino oscillation parameters by making high-precision measurements. Our measurements allow us to constrain systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino oscillation results performed by near-future experiments of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program, as well as by future large-scale experiments like DUNE.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
$\nu$-Ar Interaction Measurements in the NuMI Beam at ICARUS
This work presents progress toward neutrino-Ar cross-section measurements at ICARUS using the NuMI beam. ICARUS observes muon and electron neutrino interactions in the GeV energy range. Measurements of these interactions offer unique opportunities to infer neutrino interaction cross sections on an argon nuclear target within an energy range that overlaps both the SBN oscillation search and a significant portion of the DUNE spectrum.
Salmoria, Gabrieli [Parana Tech. Fed. U., Toledo] ↗
Status and plans for measurements of Neutrino-Argon interactions at ICARUS
The ICARUS experiment, utilizing Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC) technology, has been installed at Fermilab (USA), following its initial operation in Italy and subsequent refurbishment at CERN. ICARUS has successfully been taking physics data at Fermilab since June 2022. While the experiment’s primary objective is to function as the far detector of the Short Baseline Neutrino program (SBN), searching for hints of physics beyond three-flavour PMNS neutrino oscillations, ICARUS also offers other diverse physics capabilities, including searches beyond the standard model and measurements of cross-sections. In addition to being exposed to the common Booster Neutrino (BNB) beamline of the SBN experiment, ICARUS receives neutrinos from the Main Injector (NuMI) beam. Due to the off-axis angle between NuMI and ICARUS, coupled with contributions from both pion and kaon decays to neutrino fluxes, interactions of NuMI neutrinos within ICARUS can be detected over a range of several GeV in energy. Measurements of these interactions present unique opportunities to infer neutrino interaction cross sections on an argon nuclear target within an energy range that overlaps both the SBN oscillation search and a significant portion of the DUNE spectrum. This presentation will summarise the current status of ICARUS’ neutrino cross-section measurements.
Roy, Promita [Fermilab] (ORCID:0000000164958937)↗
Present Status of Nuclear Shell-Model Calculations of 0 νββ Decay Matrix Elements
Neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay searches are currently among the major foci of experimental physics. The observation of such a decay will have important implications in our understanding of the intrinsic nature of neutrinos and shed light on the limitations of the Standard Model. The rate of this process depends on both the unknown neutrino effective mass and the nuclear matrix element (M 0ν ) associated with the given 0νββ transition. The latter can only be provided by theoretical calculations, hence the need of accurate theoretical predictions of M 0ν for the success of the experimental programs. This need drives the theoretical nuclear physics community to provide the most reliable calculations of M 0ν . Among the various computational models adopted to solve the many-body nuclear problem, the shell model is widely considered as the basic framework of the microscopic description of the nucleus. Here, we review the most recent and advanced shell-model calculations of M 0ν considering the light-neutrino-exchange channel for nuclei of experimental interest. We report the sensitivity of the theoretical calculations with respect to variations in the model spaces and the shell-model nuclear Hamiltonians.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Beta Equilibrium under Neutron Star Merger Conditions
We calculate the nonzero-temperature correction to the beta equilibrium condition in nuclear matter under neutron star merger conditions, in the temperature range 1mEv < T ≲ 5 mEv. We improve on previous work using a consistent description of nuclear matter based on the IUF and SFHo relativistic mean field models. This includes using relativistic dispersion relations for the nucleons, which we show is essential in these models. We find that the nonzero-temperature correction can be of order 10 to 20 MeV, and plays an important role in the correct calculation of Urca rates, which can be wrong by factors of 10 or more if it is neglected.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Health Assessment and Performance Monitoring of Large Machine Diagnostics
Diagnostic machines are a crucial component of the Stockpile Stewardship Program for data collection, toward the ultimate goal of improving our understanding of nuclear physics. These systems consist of interactions between many complex components, and require regular maintenance for acceptable performance. The Cygnus X-ray diagnostic located at the Nevada National Security Site's U1a underground facility which provides radiographic data for subcritical experiments, is a prime example of these systems. Component degradation and failures within Cygnus can result in system downtime and data loss, affecting schedules and increasing experiment costs. To evade such failures, years worth of data on machine performance has been collected on the two Cygnus axes in the form of voltage and current measurements of Cygnus' various components. Using these as input, we have developed machine learning techniques for assessing the health of Cygnus, with the ultimate goal of predicting declining performance and machine failure.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
PERLE: A novel facility for ERL development and applications in multi-turn configuration and high-power regime
The development of ERLs has been recognized as one of the five main pillars of accelerators R&D in support of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP). The international panel in charge of the ERL Roadmap definition recognized PERLE project as “a central part of the roadmap for the development of energy-recovery linacs”, with milestones to be achieved by the next ESPP in 2026. PERLE project is aiming at the construction of a novel ERL facility for the development and application of the energy recovery technique in multi-turn configuration, high current and large energy regime. It will operate in a 3-turns mode, first at 250 MeV, then upgraded to 500 MeV with 20mA beam current. Such challenging parameters make PERLE a unique multi-turn ERL facility operating at an unexplored operational power regime (10MW), studying and validating a broad range of accelerator phenomena, paving the way for the future larger scale ERLs. PERLE will be the necessary demonstrator for the future HEP machine (LHeC / FCC-eh), with which it shares the same technological choices and beam parameters. Furthermore, PERLE opens a new frontier for the physics of “the electromagnetic probe”. It will be the first ERL dedicated to Nuclear Physics for studying the eN interaction with radioactive nuclei. Here we will report on the project status, introduce the main ongoing achievements and describe the staged strategy we will adopt toward the construction of PERLE machine at its nominal performances.
Kaabi, Walid↗
First Measurements of Differential Cross Sections In Kinematic Imbalance Variables With The MicroBooNE Detector
Making high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters requires an unprecedented understanding of neutrino-nucleus scattering. In this presentation, we present the first muon neutrino charged current double-differential cross sections in kinematic imbalance variables. These variables characterize the imbalance in the plane transverse to an incoming neutrino. We use events with a single muon above 100 MeV/c, a single final state proton above 300 MeV/c, and no recorded final state pions. Thus, these variables act as a direct probe of nuclear effects such as final state interactions, Fermi motion, and multi-nucleon processes. We also present a complementary ongoing analysis using electron neutrinos. This channel is of the utmost importance for the extraction of neutrino oscillation parameters by making high-precision measurements. Our measurements allow us to constrain systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino oscillation results performed by near-future experiments of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program, as well as by future large-scale experiments like DUNE.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
First Measurements of Differential Cross Sections In Kinematic Imbalance Variables With The MicroBooNE Detector
Making high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters requires an unprecedented understanding of neutrino-nucleus scattering. In this presentation, we present the first muon neutrino charged current double-differential cross sections in kinematic imbalance variables. These variables characterize the imbalance in the plane transverse to an incoming neutrino. We use events with a single muon above 100 MeV/c, a single final state proton above 300 MeV/c, and no recorded final state pions. Thus, these variables act as a direct probe of nuclear effects such as final state interactions, Fermi motion, and multi-nucleon processes. We also present a complementary ongoing analysis using electron neutrinos. This channel is of the utmost importance for the extraction of neutrino oscillation parameters by making high-precision measurements. Our measurements allow us to constrain systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino oscillation results performed by near-future experiments of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program, as well as by future large-scale experiments like DUNE.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Investigating Covalent Bonding in f-elements using Gas-phase Ion Chemistry
Introduction In the reprocessing of f-elements present in used nuclear fuels, a variety of diglycolamides (DGA’s) are used as extractants for actinide partitioning. In particular, the Actinide-Lanthanide Separation (ALSEP) process typically utilizes either the N,N,N’,N’-tetraoctyl diglycolamide (TODGA) or N,N,N',N'-tetra-2-ethylhexyl diglycolamide (T2EHDGA) extractant ligands following the partitioning of uranium and plutonium from used nuclear fuel. To better understand fundamental interactions in these processes, covalent bonding of several f-elements with diglycolamides, primarily TODGA, is investigated in the gas phase using nanospray ionization and a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Further, analysis of the identity and relative strength of the cluster is enabled by MS2 isolation and collision induced dissociation. Methods Metal ion cluster analysis was completed using a Bruker mircOTOF-Q II quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with a CaptiveSpray nanospray ion source. Metal:ligand solutions were prepared as 30 µM europium nitrate, samarium nitrate, cerium nitrate, or holmium nitrate and 3 µM DGA in acetonitrile or a 50:50 mixture of acetonitrile: isopropanol. Cluster mass spectra and collision-induced dissociation experiments were conducted in positive mode. Preliminary data To examine the patterns and relative strength of lanthanide: DGA interactions, MS2 experiments were completed with each lanthanide species listed above. Preliminary analyses of samarium and europium TODGA clusters suggest several combinations of TODGA and nitrate forming. The samarium cluster experiments yielded Sm(TODGA)x clusters with a samarium:TODGA ratio of up to 1:7 able to be isolated and evidence of greater ratios present in the mass spectrum. This is surprising, as metal clusters are not expected to have a coordination space able to accommodate this many ligands as large as TODGA. MS2 experiments show that, at higher ratios and with sufficient collision energy, entire TODGA ligands are removed instead of being fragmented. These experiments show that a lower collision energy is required to remove ligands as the number of bound TODGA’s increases, suggesting that in larger clusters, ligands are more delicately complexed to the metal. In addition to Sm(TODGA)x, several clusters were observed with nitrate ions bound to the metal in addition to TODGA. With a single nitrate ion, clusters with up to six TODGA’s were able to be isolated. In a similar pattern to the samarium clusters with only TODGA, less collision energy is required to eliminate one or more TODGA’s with increasing size. MS2 experiments suggest clusters with one nitrate appear to be of an equivalent or greater stability to clusters which replace the nitrate with a TODGA, as more collision energy is required to remove a TODGA ligand. These species with one nitrate are also in a higher abundance than the equivalent TODGA only cluster. With two nitrate ions, only clusters with a single TODGA were able to be isolated. Analogous europium experiments resulted in very similar clusters. Ratios of up to 1:7 Eu:TODGA were able to be isolated, and clusters with one nitrate and up to five TODGAs were isolated. In clusters with two nitrate ions, one or two TODGA’s could also be bound to the metal. MS2 experiments suggested, similarly to samarium, that larger clusters required less collision energy to eliminate TODGA. Europium clusters with one nitrate are in greater abundance and are stronger than the equivalent cluster which replaces the nitrate with TODGA. Similar analysis with cerium and holmium is ongoing, as well as analysis with other DGA ligands to compare relative strengths of the lanthanide metals with various extractant ligands.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Spectral function for 4 He using the Chebyshev expansion in coupled-cluster theory
Here, we compute spectral function for 4 He by combining coupled-cluster theory with an expansion of integral transforms into Chebyshev polynomials. Our method allows us to estimate the uncertainty of spectral reconstruction. The properties of the Chebyshev polynomials make the procedure numerically stable and considerably lower in memory usage than the typically employed Lanczos algorithm. We benchmark our predictions with other calculations in the literature and with electron-scattering data in the quasi-elastic peak. The spectral function formalism allows one to extend ab initio lepton-nucleus cross sections into the relativistic regime. This makes it a promising tool for modeling this process at higher-energy transfers. The results we present open the door for studies of heavier nuclei, important for the neutrino oscillation programs.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Comparing generator predictions of transverse kinematic imbalance in neutrino-argon scattering
The largest uncertainties in estimating neutrino-nucleus interaction cross sections lie in the incomplete understanding of nuclear effects. A powerful tool to study nuclear effects is Transverse Kinematic Imbalance. This paper presents the first detailed comparison of the predictions of multiple event generators for distributions associated with Transverse Kinematic Imbalance for neutrino interactions on argon. Predictions for muon neutrinos interacting with an argon target are obtained using four standard neutrino event generation tools (GENIE, NuWro, GiBUU and NEUT). Example opportunities for discrimination between nuclear models leveraging future measurements are highlighted. The predictions shown in this paper are motivated by studying muon neutrinos from the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam interacting at the location of the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber, but the methods directly apply to other accelerator-based liquid argon neutrino experiments such as SBND, ICARUS and DUNE.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗