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At least 595 records · Page 33

Comprehensive Evaluation of Electrochemical Hydrogen Separator as Hydrogen Recovery Solution for Plasma Pyrolysis Assembly

The previously tested State-of-the-Art (SOA) air revitalization architecture onboard the International Space Station recovers approximately 50% of the oxygen (O 2 ) from metabolic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) via the Sabatier process. Maximum O 2 recovery is required to reduce resupply mass for long-duration manned missions. O 2 recovery is constrained by the limited availability of reactant hydrogen (H 2 ) from water (H 2 O) electrolysis, and Sabatier-produced methane (CH 4 ) is vented as a waste product resulting in a continuous loss of reactant H 2 . The Plasma Pyrolysis Assembly (PPA) has the potential to substantially increase O 2 recovery by post-processing the Sabatier-produced methane to recover H 2 . The PPA decomposes CH 4 into predominately H 2 and acetylene (C 2 H 2 ). A separation system is needed to purify the H 2 from the PPA stream before it is recycled back to the Sabatier reactor. Two sub-scale electrochemical H 2 separation systems, developed by Skyre, Incorporated, were delivered to NASA for evaluation. Complimentary of the previous submittal, ICES-2023-260, this paper reports a summation of Phase I and Phase II testing and evaluation of the C 2 H 2 removal systems as well as lessons learned.

Plasma Pyrolysis Assembly↗

IUE observations of variability in the WN6 star HD 192163

Results are presented of a study of 77 high-resolution IUE spectra of the WN6 star HD 192163, for which new IUE observations obtained over 48 hrs in 1987 were combined with data drawn from the IUE archive, covering various epochs over the 1978-1987 period. The 1987 series of 48 spectra were found to exhibit significant variability over a period of 24 hrs in the N IV 1718-A, C IV 1550-A, and He II 1640-A P Cygni profiles. The possible causes of these variabilities are considered in terms of binary-induced changes due to a compact companion and intrinsic stellar wind variations.

Saint-Louis, N.↗

The molecular cloud associated with NGC 7538

CO maps and preliminary H2S and H2CO data for the molecular cloud associated with NGC 7538 are used to compare the molecular distributions with those of ionized, neutral, and molecular hydrogen and dust. South of the H II regions is a ridge of high (C-13)O column density with cold, self-absorbed H I just beyond it. A dense clump within the ridge is found adjacent to the H II region in the southeast, and a lower density region of expanding gas is seen next to the H II region in the southwest. NGC 7538 is the first region which appears to show observational evidence for a molecular dissociation wave.

Dickel, H. R.↗

Highly ionized gas absorption in the disk and halo toward HD 167756 at 3.5 kilometers per second resolution

High-resolution spectra of interstellar Si IV, C IV, and N V absorption lines along the 4 kpc path to the inner Galaxy star HD 167756 at z = -0.85 kpc are presented. The spectra were obtained with the echelle mode of Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and have signal-to-noise ratios ranging from 23 to 38. The high resolution of the measurements full width at half maximum (FWHM = 3.5 km/s) results in fully resolved line profiles for the highly ionized gas absorption. The measurements provide information on the column density per unit velocity, N(v), as a function of velocity for Si IV, C IV, and N V. The C IV and N V profiles extend from -70 to +70 km/s, while the Si IV profiles extend from -40 to +70 km/s. The integrated logarithmic column densities are long N(Si IV) = 13.09 +/- 0.02, log N(C IV) = 13.83 +/- 0.02, and log N(N V) = 13.56 +/- 0.03. The N V profile is broad, asymmetric, and featureless, while the Si IV profile contains narrow absorption components near V(sub LSR) = -19, 0, +20, and +52 km/s with Doppler spread parameters, b about = 10-12 km/s. The C IV profile contains both broad and narrow structure. The high ion feature near +52 km/s is also detected in the low-ionization lines of Ca II, O I, Si II, and Fe II. The other narrow Si IV and C IV components occur within several km/s of components seen in low-ionization species. The sight line contains at least two types of highly ionized gas. One type gives rise to a broad N V profile, and the other results in the more structured Si IV profile. The C IV profile contains contributions from both types of highly ionized gas. The broad but asymmetric N V profile is well represented by a large Galactic scale height gas which is participating in Galactic rotation and has a combination of thermal and turbulent broadening with b(sub tot) about = 42 km/s. The C IV to N V abundance ratio of 1.0 +/- 0.3 for the gas implies T about 1.6 x 10(exp 5) K or about 8 x 10(exp 5) K if the gas is in collisional ionization equilibrium and has a solar carbon to nitrogen abundance ratio. This absorption may be associated with cooling hot gas situated in Galactic shells and supershells along the sight line. The gas producing the narrow Si IV and C IV absorption components has line widths that are compatible with origins in conductive interfaces between the warm and hot interstellar medium. Kinematic flows associated with the photoionized edges of clouds might also produce Si IV and C IV lines with Doppler spread parameters similar to those observed, but the C IV to Si IV ratio in this gas is 3.5, which leads us to favor the conductive interface interpretation.

Savage, Blair D.↗

On the origin of 4640-4650 A emission in X-ray stars

The origin is investigated for a prominent and rapidly variable emission feature near the 4640-A line which has been observed in the optical counterparts of Sco X-1, Cyg X-2, Her X-1, Cen X-3, 3U 0900-40, and 3U 1700-37. It is suggested that the emission is generated in the vicinity of a compact X-ray source by the interaction of X-rays with nearby gaseous matter and that three likely sources of the emission are the ions C III, N III, and O II. Results are presented for a detailed mathematical model of an X-ray source surrounded by a uniform distribution of matter and are used to evaluate possible emission mechanisms. It is concluded that selective emission of N III (4634 to 4641 A) in the Bowen fluorescence process may be the responsible mechanism.

Mcclintock, J. E.↗

Interstellar lines in the ultraviolet spectrum of zeta Oph

Interstellar lines arising in carbon, oxygen, silicon, and sulfur observed in the ultraviolet spectrum of zeta Oph by rocket spectrographic techniques were analyzed. Within a factor of 10, the abundances of c(+), neutral 0, and Si(+) outside the H II region surrounding zeta Oph, relative to the hydrogen abundance, are equal to solar values. The lines in neutral C and S(+) imply that the interstellar matter is distributed among several clouds as indicated by high resolution visible spectra. It is suggested that the excited C(+) ions are inside the Stromgren sphere where proton densities equal to or greater than 0.0022 cm can collisionally excite the ions at sufficient rates. Stellar absorption lines of C IV (1548.2, 1550.8A) and N V (1238.8, 1242.8A) were observed shifted to lower wavelengths, indicating stellar mass loss.

Smith, A. M.↗

Integrated Multi-Color Light Emitting Device Made with Hybrid Crystal Structure

An integrated hybrid crystal Light Emitting Diode ("LED") display device that may emit red, green, and blue colors on a single wafer. The various embodiments may provide double-sided hetero crystal growth with hexagonal wurtzite III-Nitride compound semiconductor on one side of (0001) c-plane sapphire media and cubic zinc-blended III-V or II-VI compound semiconductor on the opposite side of c-plane sapphire media. The c-plane sapphire media may be a bulk single crystalline c-plane sapphire wafer, a thin free standing c-plane sapphire layer, or crack-and-bonded c-plane sapphire layer on any substrate. The bandgap energies and lattice constants of the compound semiconductor alloys may be changed by mixing different amounts of ingredients of the same group into the compound semiconductor. The bandgap energy and lattice constant may be engineered by changing the alloy composition within the cubic group IV, group III-V, and group II-VI semiconductors and within the hexagonal III-Nitrides.

Park, Yeonjoon↗

Integrated Multi-Color Light Emitting Device Made with Hybrid Crystal Structure

An integrated hybrid crystal Light Emitting Diode ("LED") display device that may emit red, green, and blue colors on a single wafer. The various embodiments may provide double-sided hetero crystal growth with hexagonal wurtzite III-Nitride compound semiconductor on one side of (0001) c-plane sapphire media and cubic zinc-blended III-V or II-VI compound semiconductor on the opposite side of c-plane sapphire media. The c-plane sapphire media may be a bulk single crystalline c-plane sapphire wafer, a thin free standing c-plane sapphire layer, or crack-and-bonded c-plane sapphire layer on any substrate. The bandgap energies and lattice constants of the compound semiconductor alloys may be changed by mixing different amounts of ingredients of the same group into the compound semiconductor. The bandgap energy and lattice constant may be engineered by changing the alloy composition within the cubic group IV, group III-V, and group II-VI semiconductors and within the hexagonal III-Nitrides.

Park, Yeonjoon↗

Stability of PMR-polyimide monomer solutions

The stability of alcohol solutions of norbornenyl capped PMR-polyimide resins (both PMR-15 and PMR-II) has been monitored during storage at ambient and subambient (5 C and -18 C) temperatures. PMR-15 solutions exhibit nominally two weeks of useful life and PMR-II solutions exhibit nominally two days of useful life at ambient conditions. The limiting factor is precipitation of imide reaction products from the monomer solutions. Both solutions exhibit substantially longer useful lifetimes in subambient storage. PMR-15 shows no precipitation after several months storage at subambient temperatures. PMR-II solutions do exhibit precipitates after extended subambient storage (nominally three months at -18 C), however, the precipitates formed under these conditions can be redissolved. The chemical implications of these observations are discussed.

Lauver, R. W.↗

Potassium cuprate (3)

The reaction of KO2 and CuO in an O2 atmosphere at 400 to 450 C results in KCuO, which is a steel-blue and nonmagnetic compound. This substance exhibits a characteristic X-ray diagram; it decomposes in dilute acids to form O2 and Cu(II) salts. It decomposes thermally above 500 C.

Wahl, Kurt↗

The low state of AM Herculis - Observations from 0.12 to 10 microns

Observations of AM Her during a low state over a wavelength range from 0.12 to 10 microns are reported. These include IUE ultraviolet spectra, light curves at U, B, V, R, J, H, K, and magnitudes at L, M, and N. The UV observations reveal a nearly Rayleigh-Jeans continuum spectral distribution and broad Lyman-alpha absorption from a hot (effective temperature = 50,000 K) white dwarf. Of the strong emission lines present in the high state, only weak C IV (1550 A) and Mg II (2800 A) features remain. The optical light curves are markedly different from the high state, while the infrared light curves are similar in appearance to the high state. The infrared variations cannot be explained solely by the ellipsoidal variations of a secondary star which is heated by an accretion column. The 10 micron flux is less than the high state, but it is not possible to tell if the excess noted during the high state is still present. The large available wavelength range is used to constrain the relative contributions of the white dwarf, the red dwarf, and the accretion columns.

Szkody, P.↗

Genesis Sample Return Capsule Overview

I. Simple Entry Capsule Concept: a) Spin-Stabilized/No Active Control Systems; b) Ballistic Entry for 11.04 km/sec Velocity; c) No Heatshield Separation During Entry; d) Parachute Deploy via g-Switch + Timer. II. Stardust Design Inheritance a) Forebody Shape; b) Seal Concepts; c) Parachute Deploy Control; d) Utah Landing Site (UTTR). III. TPS Systems a) Heatshield - Carbon-Carbon - First Planetary Entry; b) Backshell - SLA-561V - Flight Heritage from Pathfinder, MER; d) Forebody Structural Penetrations Aerothermal and TPS Design Process has the Same Methodology as Used for Pathfinder, MER Flight Vehicles.

Willcockson, Bill↗