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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 595 records · Page 33
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Photoproduction of the b 1 (1235) Meson off the proton at E gamma = 6-12 GeV

The GlueX Experiment at Jefferson Lab directs a linearly polarized photon beam on a liquid hydrogen target surrounded by an almost hermetic detector. The experiment aims to study the meson spectrum in the light-quark sector and search for exotic spin-parity states predicted by lattice QCD calculations. The lightest exotic candidate is the π 1 meson, which is predicted to decay dominantly to b 1 π. In this thesis, we present efforts to characterize the ωπ 0 decay channel of the b 1 meson as precursor to an analysis of the sought-after π 1 exotic state. We present an introduction to the physics involved and an overview of the detector subsystems with a focus on the Barrel Calorimeter gain monitoring system, as part of the service work expected by the GlueX Collaboration. We discuss the data analysis method used and present two frameworks, for angular moments and partial waves analyses. Details of the simulation used to calculate the detector acceptance. A proof of concept partial wave analysis is presented along with experimental angular moments as first step to a full analysis of the angular distribution Our partial wave analysis indicates that both S- and D-waves are needed, in qualitative agreement with theoretical expectations. The cross-section of the omega π 0 channel is extracted to be of the scale of 1 μb in agreement with previous measurements. The differential cross-section indicates the presence of two production processes with p 1 = -5:24 ± 0:04 for 0:25 < -t < 0:95 GeV 2 ~c 2 and p 2 = -1:24 ± 0:05 for 0:95 < -t < 2:0 GeV 2 ~c 2 , which does not agree with results from previous experiments. The s-channel helicity conservation and helicity amplitudes of the b 1 meson are presented as additional experimental observables. Our results confirm that the b1 photoproduction process does not conserve s-channel helicity though they do not align with previous measurements. The helicity amplitude of the omega are extracted to be |F 1 | 2 = 0:3037 ± 0:0003 which does not agree with the expected value of a b 1 decay or results from a previous experiment. Future steps in all these analyses will be continued by a new graduate student in the group, culminating in a publication.

Foda, Ahmed↗
DOE OSTI2022

Measurement of the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section from the Proton at 10.6 GeV using the CLAS12 Detector

Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) is an exclusive process that produces a real photon when a lepton scatters from a quark inside a nucleon or a nucleus. Measurement of the DVCS cross section enables the study of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD), which plays a central role in understanding the QCD dynamics inside a hadron. Thus, the quark and gluon origin of the nucleon spin and mass can be probed and three-dimensional images of the target nucleon or nucleus can be realized. This thesis presents a cross section analysis of DVCS from the proton in the presence of its background, Bethe-Heitler (BH) process. The CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer for operation at 12 GeV beam energy (CLAS12) collaboration has taken electron-proton scattering data in fall 2018 using a liquid hydrogen target and the 10.6 GeV polarized electron beam from the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF). The CLAS12 detector is a nearly hermetic fixed-target detector, located in Hall B, Jefferson Lab at Newport News, Virginia. The experimentally determined BH-DVCS cross section is in good agreement with a phenomenological-model based theoretical prediction. The kinematic dependence of the cross section is reported over a wide range. The short-term plan to utilize the results presented here for a thorough tomography study and the long-term plan for GPD studies at future facilities such as the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) are discussed.

Lee, Sangbaek↗
DOE OSTI2014

12 GeV Upgrade and the study of 3D imaging of nucleon

The 12 GeV upgrade of Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab will enable a new experimental program with substantial discovery potential in hadronic and nuclear physics. One of the flagship science programs is the study of multidimensional images of hadrons. A broad experimental program has been developed to map the nucleon's intrinsic correlated spin and momentum distribution through measurement of deeply exclusive and semi- inclusive processes. These multidimensional distributions open a new window on the elusive spin content of the nucleon through observables that are directly related to the orbital angular momentum of quarks and gluons. An overview of the 12 GeV upgrade with focus on the study of the multidimensional imaging of hadrons with the CLAS12 detector will be presented.

Elouadrhiri, Latifa↗
DOE OSTI2014

Alignment of the 12 Gev CEBAF Accelerator

Alignment of the 12 Gev CEBAF Accelerator Jefferson lab has just completed an upgrade to its CEBAF accelerator which allows for an increase in the energy of delivered beam from 6Gev to 12 Gev. The enhancements to the accelerator have included the addition of 10 new high performance cryomodules, and the removal, upgrade and refurbishment of almost 300 existing transport magnets. Outside of the main accelerator, a new experimental hall has been constructed, and the three existing halls are currently being upgraded to take advantage of the higher energies. For this project, a new survey network has been measured and almost every element in the accelerator has been re-aligned. Commissioning of the accelerator took place at the beginning of this year, during the course of which, it became apparent that there was a significant difference between the expected and the actual path length in the machine. This paper describes the measurements taken and analysis used to try and understand this situation.

Curtis, Christopher↗
DOE OSTI2013

Polarized SIDIS Experiments with SoLID Spectrometer at 12 GeV Jefferson Lab

The Jefferson Lab 12 GeV upgrade will provide unique opportunity to perform polarized semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) experiments with very high precision. The measured single and double spin asymmetries (SSA/DSA) in these reactions will provide an access to various transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). In particular, the experimentally measured SSA on proton and neutron targets can help us in extracting the transversity and Sivers distribution functions of u and d-quarks. Similarly, the measured DSA are sensitive to the quark spin-orbit correlations, and provide access to the worm-gear function (g1T). In this talk, we will present our plans for performing these precision measurements in Hall-A using a large acceptance SoLID spectrometer and polarized proton and 3He targets with 11 GeV beam. The high luminosities from these targets and the large acceptance of the SoLID spectrometer will allow for a precise 4-dimensional (x,Q2,z,PT) mapping of SSA and DSA. The data will provide comprehensive information on the correlation between quark angular momentum and the nucleon's spin.

Allada, Kalyan↗
DOE OSTI2026

First Measurement of Sub-GeV $ν_μ$ Charged-Current Coherent Pion Production on Argon in MicroBooNE

We report a measurement of the charged-current coherent pion production cross section on argon using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber exposed to the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermilab. The measurement uses the MicroBooNE data set corresponding to $1.26 \times 10^{21}$ protons on target with a mean neutrino energy of $0.8$~GeV. The flux-averaged cross section is measured to be $(9.1 \pm 1.2_{\text{stat}} \pm 1.2_\text{syst}) \times 10^{-40}\,\text{cm}^2/\text{Ar}$. This result represents the first measurement of charged-current coherent pion production on argon at sub-GeV neutrino energies. Due to its clean two-body kinematics, where the neutrino interacts coherently with the entire nucleus producing a forward muon and pion with no nuclear breakup, this process provides a useful tool for constraining neutrino flux uncertainties in current and future oscillation experiments such as DUNE.

Abratenko, P. [Tufts U.] (ORCID:0000000169455941)↗
DOE OSTI2011

Dielectron production in Ar + KCl collisions at 1.76A GeV

We present results on dielectron production in {sup 40}Ar+KCl collisions at 1.76A GeV. For the first time {omega} mesons could be reconstructed in a heavy-ion reaction at a bombarding energy which is well below the production threshold in free nucleon-nucleon collisions. The {omega} multiplicity has been extracted and compared to the yields of other particles, in particular of the {phi} meson. At intermediate e{sup +}e{sup -} invariant masses, we find a strong enhancement of the pair yield over a reference spectrum from elementary nucleon-nucleon reactions, suggesting the onset of nontrivial effects of the nuclear medium. Transverse-mass spectra and angular distributions have been reconstructed in three invariant mass bins. In the former unexpectedly large slopes are found for high-mass pairs. The latter, in particular the helicity-angle distributions, are largely consistent with expectations for a pair cocktail dominated at intermediate masses by {Delta} Dalitz decays.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Systematics of the charged-hadron P{sub T} spectrum and the nuclear suppression factor in heavy-ion collisions from {radical}(s{sub NN})=200 GeV to {radical}(s{sub NN})=2.76 TeV

In this paper, our goal is to make a simultaneous analysis of the high- and low-P{sub T} parts of the charged-hadron P{sub T} spectrum measured by the ALICE collaboration [K. Aamodt et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 696, 30 (2011)] in central Pb-Pb collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN})=2.76 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), based on models which have been successfully applied and constrained in Au-Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). For the hydrodynamical modeling with which we obtain the low-P{sub T} spectrum, we have computed the initial conditions based on perturbative QCD (pQCD) minijet production and saturation. The sensitivity of the obtained charged-hadron P{sub T} spectrum on the hydrodynamic model parameters is studied. For the high-P{sub T} part, we apply a number of parton-medium interaction models, which are tuned to describe the nuclear suppression factor R{sub AA} measured at RHIC in central Au-Au collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN})=200 GeV. We find that the higher kinematic reach of the LHC, manifest in the hardening of the pQCD parton spectral slope, is in principle very efficient in discriminating the various models. However, due to the uncertainties in the p-p baseline, none of the tested models can be firmly ruled out with the present ALICE data. Comparison with the LHC data in this approach shows that the combined hydrodynamic and pQCD + jet quenching components can reproduce the data well in the whole measured P{sub T} range.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Parameter choices for a muon recirculating linear accelerator from 5 to 63 GeV

A recirculating linear accelerator (RLA) has been proposed to accelerate muons from 5 to 63 GeV for a muon collider. It should be usable both for a Higgs factory and as a stage for a higher energy collider. First, the constraints due to the beam loading are computed. Next, an expression for the longitudinal emittance growth to lowest order in the longitudinal emittance is worked out. After finding the longitudinal expression, a simplified model that describes the arcs and their approximate expression for the time of flight dependence on energy in those arcs is found. Finally, these results are used to estimate the parameters required for the RLA arcs and the linac phase.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

The Role of the Two Relativistic Spin Amplitudes in the Description of the Experimental Data of Elastic p–p Scattering at Energies in the Range 2–7000 GeV in the Mathematical Eikonal Method

Results of a theoretical calculation of the differential cross sections of elastic proton-proton scattering at energies in the range 2–7000 GeV with two relativistic spin amplitudes are analyzed within the framework of the mathematical eikonal method. It is shown that taking account the contribution of heavy meson resonances improves the agreement between the theoretical calculations and the experimental data somewhat in the region of large momentum transfers.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Methodology for the neutron time of flight measurement of 120-GeV proton-induced reactions on a thick copper target

Our methodology for the time-of-flight measurement of the neutron energy spectrum for a high-energy proton-beam-induced reaction was established at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The 120-GeV proton beam with 3 × 10 5 protons/spill was prepared for event-by-event counting of incident protons and emitted neutrons for time-of-flight energy determination. An NE213 organic liquid scintillator (12.7 cm in diameter by 12.7 cm in length) was employed with a veto plastic scintillator and a pulse-shape discrimination technique to identify neutrons. Raw waveforms of NE213, veto and beam detectors were recorded to discriminate the effects of multi-proton beam events by considering different time windows. The neutron energy spectrum ranging from 10 to 800 MeV was obtained for a 60-cm-long copper target at 90° with respect to the beam axis. Finally our obtained spectrum was consistent with that deduced employing the conventional unfolding technique as well as that obtained in a 40-GeV/c thin-target experiment.

120-GeV proton↗
DOE OSTI2011

Measurement of the parity-violating longitudinal single-spin asymmetry for W{sup {+-}} boson production in polarized proton-proton collisions at {radical}(s) = 500 GeV

We report the first measurement of the parity violating single-spin asymmetries for midrapidity decay positrons and electrons from W{sup +} and W{sup -} boson production in longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions at {radical}(s) = 500 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The measured asymmetries, A{sub L}{sup W+} = -0.27{+-}0.10(stat.){+-}0.02(syst.){+-}0.03(norm.) and A{sub L}{sup W-} 0.14{+-}0.19(stat.){+-}0.02(syst.){+-}0.01(norm.), are consistent with theory predictions, which are large and of opposite sign. These predictions are based on polarized quark and antiquark distribution functions constrained by polarized DIS measurements.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Measurement of charged pion cross section in proton carbon interaction at 30 GeV with the NA61/SHINE apparatus

Among other goals, the NA61/SHINE (SHINE {identical_to} SPS Heavy Ion and Neutrino Experiment) detector at CERN SPS aims at precision hadro-production measurements to characterise the neutrino beam of the T2K experiment at J-PARC. These measurements are performed using a 30 GeV proton beam produced at the SPS with a thin carbon target and a full T2K replica target. Preliminary spectra of {pi}{sup -} and {pi}{sup +} inclusive inelastic cross section were obtained from pilot data collected in 2007 with a 2 cm thick target (4% of the interaction length). After a description of the SHINE detector and its particle identification capabilities, results from three different analysis are presented.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2012

Direct manipulation of the uncompensated antiferromagnetic spins in exchange coupled system by GeV ion irradiation

Incident ion energy to matrix electrons of a material is dissipated within a narrow cylinder surrounding the swift heavy ion path. The temperature of the lattice exceeds the melting point and upon quenching causes nanometric modifications. We present here a unique ex situ approach in manipulating the uncompensated spins in antiferromagnetic layers of ferro-/antiferromagnetic exchange coupled systems on a nanometric scale. We use the impact of relativistic heavy ion (1-2 GeV) irradiation on such systems. We find an increase in the bias field and a restoration of the reversal via domain nucleation in the trained state. These are identified as plausible results of ion-induced antiferromagnetic ordering with little or no effect on the layer structure. This study demonstrates, therefore, the possibility of nanoscale tailoring of exchange coupled systems that survive even in the trained state.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2013

Laser-driven collimated tens-GeV monoenergetic protons from mass-limited target plus preformed channel

Proton acceleration by ultra-intense laser pulse irradiating a target with cross-section smaller than the laser spot size and connected to a parabolic density channel is investigated. The target splits the laser into two parallel propagating parts, which snowplow the back-side plasma electrons along their paths, creating two adjacent parallel wakes and an intense return current in the gap between them. The radiation-pressure pre-accelerated target protons trapped in the wake fields now undergo acceleration as well as collimation by the quasistatic wake electrostatic and magnetic fields. Particle-in-cell simulations show that stable long-distance acceleration can be realized, and a 30 fs monoenergetic ion beam of >10 GeV peak energy and <2 Degree-Sign divergence can be produced by a circularly polarized laser pulse at an intensity of about 10{sup 22} W/cm{sup 2}.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Laser-driven 1 GeV carbon ions from preheated diamond targets in the break-out afterburner regime

Experimental data are presented for laser-driven carbon C{sup 6+} ion-acceleration, verifying 2D-PIC studies for multi-species targets in the Break-Out Afterburner regime. With Trident's ultra-high contrast at relativistic intensities of 5 × 10{sup 20} W/cm{sup 2} and nm-scale diamond targets, acceleration of carbon ions has been optimized by using target laser-preheating for removal of surface proton contaminants. Using a high-resolution wide angle spectrometer, carbon C{sup 6+} ion energies exceeding 1 GeV or 83 MeV/amu have been measured, which is a 40% increase in maximum ion energy over uncleaned targets. These results are consistent with kinetic plasma modeling and analytic theory.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Design of a low-emittance lattice for 3.5 GeV synchrotron light source

We investigate a lattice design for a low-emittance, high-brilliance intermediate energy synchrotron light source that is being intensively performed in the world. We present the design results in detail for a non-achromatic double bend achromat lattice with an emittance of 1.1 nm and 597.6 m circumference. Each superperiod has 4 straight sections, 7 m, 5.4 m, and 2 × 2.8 m in length, giving a total of 60 straight sections in the ring. The lattice is designed to be flexible and also provides an achromatic optics with an emittance of 3.2 nm. The lattice provides high brilliance at a photon energy of a few tens of keV, which meets the requirements of hard X-ray synchrotron radiation users. We investigated the dynamic aperture in the lattice with machine errors using a simulation method that achieves the optimal tune for the ring. The low-emittance lattice provides sufficient dynamic aperture after closed orbit distortion correction. We show an estimate of variations of emittance, energy spread, and dynamic aperture due to a wiggler in the straight sections. We present the design of an injection scheme for full energy injection, the space allocation in injection section, and the particle dynamics of injected beam. Particle tracking after beam injection was performed to examine the validity of the injection scheme. Our design lattice shows good optimization in terms of the emittance, number of straight sections, brilliance, and circumference as a light source for 3.5 GeV beam energy.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2015

Acceleration of highly charged GeV Fe ions from a low-Z substrate by intense femtosecond laser

Almost fully stripped Fe ions accelerated up to 0.9 GeV are demonstrated with a 200 TW femtosecond high-intensity laser irradiating a micron-thick Al foil with Fe impurity on the surface. An energetic low-emittance high-density beam of heavy ions with a large charge-to-mass ratio can be obtained, which is useful for many applications, such as a compact radio isotope source in combination with conventional technology.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗