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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 595 records · Page 33
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2004

Development of a Lunar Consumables Storage and Distribution Depot

NASA is in the preliminary planning stages for a future lunar base as a response to President George W. Bush's recent announcement of a new sustained exploration program beyond low earth orbit. Kennedy Space Center engineers are supporting this program by utilizing experience in Spaceport system design and operations to help develop a Lunar Consumables Depot. This depot will store propellants, life support fluids, and other consumables either transported from Earth or manufactured from In Situ resources. The depot will distribute these consumables in an energy efficient manner to end users including spacecraft, habitation modules, and rovers. This paper addresses some of the changes to lunar base architecture design as a result of advances in knowledge of lunar resources over the past 35 years, as well as technology advances in the area of In Situ Resource Utilization and consumable storage and distribution. A general system level description of the depot will be presented, including overall design philosophy and high level requirements. Finally, specific subsystem technologies that have been or will be developed by KSC will be addressed. Examples of these technologies are automated umbilicals, cryogenic refrigerators, novel storage vessels, advanced heat switches and heat exchangers, and self healing gaskets and wires.

Mueller, Robert P.↗
DOE OSTI2015

Integrated Energy-Water Planning in the Western and Texas Interconnections

While long-term regional electricity transmission planning has traditionally focused on cost, infrastructure utilization, environmental impact, and reliability, the availability of water is an emerging issue. Toward this growing need, thermoelectric expansion should consider competing demands from other water use sectors balanced with fresh and non-traditional water supplies subject to climate variability. To address this need the Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability supported an integrated planning project with funding through the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (2009). Specifically, an integrated energy-water analysis was performed to support transmission system planners in the Western and Texas Interconnections to explore the potential implications of water availability and cost for long-term transmission planning. The project brought together electric transmission planners (e.g., Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)) with western water planners (e.g., Western Governors' Association and the Western States Water Council). Efforts were organized into ten specific tasks: (1) project coordination and outreach; (2) thermoelectric water use; (3) non-thermoelectric water use; (4) water availability; (5) water cost; (6) environmental risk; (7) climate variability; (8) energy for water; (9) decision support system interface; and, (10) transmission planning support. Major accomplishments associated with this effort include: For the first time water availability was used to inform generation expansion planning by WECC and ERCOT. For the first time, projections of intensifying drought and its effect on reservoir levels, and thermal effluent discharge permitting were used to inform operational and expansion planning by ERCOT. Water withdrawal and consumption were characterized for each power plant in the WECC and ERCOT service areas/regions. Water use factors were also developed for a range of unit processes that allowed projection of future water demands related to electric generation expansion planning. Working with state water managers current and future water use (withdrawal and consumption) were projected throughout the Western United States at an 8-digit Hydraulic Unit Code (HUC-8) level (over 1200 watersheds). In a similar fashion water availability and cost were mapped across the Western United States. Considered were five different sources of water: unappropriated surface water, unappropriated groundwater, appropriated water, municipal wastewater and brackish groundwater. Water basins (at the HUC-8 level) were mapped across the Western United States with regard to their potential for conflicts between aquatic and riparian species and habitats listed under the Endangered Species Act and water availability for future energy development. Water planners were engaged through the Western States Water Council and thus reflects their membership of the 17 contiguous western states (i.e., Texas up through the Dakotas and West). Power plants at greatest risk to the impacts of drought were identified. The analysis considered the hazards of low flows, insufficient reservoir storage, and elevated water temperatures under intensifying drought conditions projected for the future. The electricity used to provide water-related services was mapped at a county level throughout the Western U.S. Considered was the electricity required for interbasin conveyance, agricultural pumping, drinking water and wastewater services. To communicate our results the project has produced 6 journal articles, 1 book chapter, 11 reports, and 47 presentations at related conferences.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
NASA NTRS1984

NASA's mobile satellite communications program; ground and space segment technologies

This paper describes the Mobile Satellite Communications Program of the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The program's objectives are to facilitate the deployment of the first generation commercial mobile satellite by the private sector, and to technologically enable future generations by developing advanced and high risk ground and space segment technologies. These technologies are aimed at mitigating severe shortages of spectrum, orbital slot, and spacecraft EIRP which are expected to plague the high capacity mobile satellite systems of the future. After a brief introduction of the concept of mobile satellite systems and their expected evolution, this paper outlines the critical ground and space segment technologies. Next, the Mobile Satellite Experiment (MSAT-X) is described. MSAT-X is the framework through which NASA will develop advanced ground segment technologies. An approach is outlined for the development of conformal vehicle antennas, spectrum and power-efficient speech codecs, and modulation techniques for use in the non-linear faded channels and efficient multiple access schemes. Finally, the paper concludes with a description of the current and planned NASA activities aimed at developing complex large multibeam spacecraft antennas needed for future generation mobile satellite systems.

Naderi, F.↗
NASA NTRS1997

The K-8 Aeronautics Internet Testbook: Project Plan-Year 3

The Project Plan - Year 3 includes: the major tasks and milestones, the assignment of tasks, and the key personnel assigned to each task, a description of the milestone and major task, and the deliverables for the project. Milestones have project numbers ending in "0.0", such as "25.0.0 Phase III Development". Major tasks under that milestone begin with the same first number such as, "25.0.1 Develop Future Of Aeronautics". The assignment of tasks included in the Year 3 project plan contains the names of the key personnel responsible for the task and others participating on the task. Although the PI has the overall and ultimately responsible for all the tasks and milestones, the name of the first individual on a task or milestone is the person responsible for that task. Other names listed under that task will be participating on the task. Since there are two individuals at Cislunar Aerospace, Inc. with the name "J. Pallis", the principal investigator, Jani Macari Pallis is designated as PI in the Project Plan and James Pallis is designated as J. Pallis.

Pallis, Jani Macari↗
NASA NTRS2010

NASA N+3 Subsonic Fixed Wing Silent Efficient Low-Emissions Commercial Transport (SELECT) Vehicle Study

A conceptual commercial passenger transport study was performed to define a single vehicle for entry into service in the 2030 to 2035 timeframe, meeting customer demands as well as NASA goals for improved fuel economy, NOx emissions, noise, and operability into smaller airports. A study of future market and operational scenarios was used to guide the design of an advanced tube-and-wing configuration that utilized advanced material and structural concepts, an advanced three-shaft high-bypass turbofan engine, natural laminar flow technology, and a suite of other advanced technologies. This configuration was found to meet the goals for NOx emissions, noise, and field length. A 64 percent improvement in fuel economy compared to a current state-of-the-art airliner was achieved, which fell slightly short of the desired 70 percent goal. Technology maturation plans for the technologies used in the design were developed to help guide future research and development activities.

Bruner, Sam↗
NASA NTRS2005

Technology Assessment for the Future Aeronautical Communications System

To address emerging saturation in the VHF aeronautical bands allocated internationally for air traffic management communications, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has requested development of a common global solution through its Aeronautical Communications Panel (ACP). In response, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Eurocontrol initiated a joint study, with the support of NASA and U.S. and European contractors, to provide major findings on alternatives and recommendations to the ICAO ACP Working Group C (WG-C). Under an FAA/Eurocontrol cooperative research and development agreement, ACP WG-C Action Plan 17 (AP-17), commonly referred to as the Future Communications Study (FCS), NASA Glenn Research Center is responsible for the investigation of potential communications technologies that support the long-term mobile communication operational concepts of the FCS. This report documents the results of the first phase of the technology assessment and recommendations referred to in the Technology Pre-Screening Task 3.1 of AP-17. The prescreening identifies potential technologies that are under development in the industry and provides an initial assessment against a harmonized set of evaluation criteria that address high level capabilities, projected maturity for the time frame for usage in aviation, and potential applicability to aviation. A wide variety of candidate technologies were evaluated from several communications service categories including: cellular telephony; IEEE-802.xx standards; public safety radio; satellite and over-the-horizon communications; custom narrowband VHF; custom wideband; and military communications.

Budinger, James M.↗
NASA NTRS1991

International Space Station Freedom Program (SSFP) flight test demonstrations - Results and future plans

SSFP flight test demonstrations conducted to verify and quantify the performance of selected technologies needed for the development of the Space Station are described. Attention is focused on the performance of thermal systems, the effects of atomic oxygen on materials, and the difficulties of on-orbit crew mobility for assembly and operations utilizing either extravehicular robots or methods. Consideration is given to challenges in system development, a technology assessment summary for the areas of thermal systems, materials, EVA activities, and the results of flight demonstrations.

Simon, William E.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Vulnerability of existing and planned coal-fired power plants in Developing Asia to changes in climate and water resources

Coal power generation dominates electricity supply in Developing Asia, and more than 400 gigawatts (GW) of new coal-fired capacity is planned for operation by 2030. Past studies on thermal electricity-water nexus have not accounted for this new capacity, and use coarse spatial and temporal resolutions in the assessment of long-term power system reliability. Here, high-resolution hydro-climatic simulations and asset-level power plant water use models are integrated to quantify water constraints on coal-fired power plants in Developing Asia, for different scenarios of future climate change, cooling system choice, and capacity expansion. Future climate change and capacity expansion decrease the annual usable capacity factor (UF) of coal power generation in Mongolia, Southeast Asia, and parts of India and China. The negative impacts are lessened by widening the geographic areas of aggregation. Under near-term mitigation scenarios with high penetrations of CO 2 capture technology, the regional average water withdrawal intensity of coal power generation is 50–80% higher than current conditions. With careful siting, the increased water withdrawal intensity does not necessarily constrain future electricity production on annual or monthly time scales, but decreases system reliability by increasing the probability of low UF at daily time scale. Our findings highlight the unaccounted-for-risk in Developing Asia's long-term power plan featuring coal power generation. Regional capacity expansion should consider the reliability of future thermal power assets under long-term hydroclimate change using high-resolution models and multiple scenarios.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
NASA NTRS1992

NASA program planning on nuclear electric propulsion

As part of the focused technology planning for future NASA space science and exploration missions, NASA has initiated a focused technology program to develop the technologies for nuclear electric propulsion and nuclear thermal propulsion. Beginning in 1990, NASA began a series of interagency planning workshops and meetings to identify key technologies and program priorities for nuclear propulsion. The high-priority, near-term technologies that must be developed to make NEP operational for space exploration include scaling thrusters to higher power, developing high-temperature power processing units, and developing high power, low-mass, long-lived nuclear reactors.

Bennett, Gary L.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

The SSRI Knowledge Base Tool: Current Tool Functionality Review and Planned Future Enhancements

NASA’s Small Satellite Reliability Initiative (SSRI), in conjunction with NASA’s Small Spacecraft Systems Virtual Institute (S3VI), has developed the SSRI Knowledge Base to improve mission confidence for small spacecraft. The SSRI Knowledge Base provides vetted, high-quality sources of information on elements that are key to successful small spacecraft missions. These resources include SSRI working group generated documents and presentations in addition to existing guides, publications, standards, software tools, websites, and books. The Knowledge Base is fully searchable, offers downloadable content when possible, and otherwise links to or references content directly from within the tool. All 58 of the planned topic pages that comprise the SSRI Knowledge Base have been recently completed and include over 450 unique resources that are now available for review. Over the past several months significant enhancements to the tool’s capabilities have been developed and implemented. These enhancements consist of the completed baseline content; development of an Application Programming Interface (API); improved user interfaces; scalable and searchable Best Practices and Lessons Learned (BPLL) lists with ratings; and custom website analytics. The SSRI Knowledge Base is a comprehensive and searchable online tool that consolidates and organizes resources, best practices, and lessons learned from previous small spacecraft missions sponsored by NASA, other government agencies, and academia. This free, publicly available tool is available to the entire SmallSat community at: NASA SSRI Knowledge Base | Explore. This presentation will discuss the motivation for and development of the SSRI Knowledge Base, demonstrate the existing tool, share how the smallsat community can get involved and outline plans for further enhancement development. The SSRI is a collaborative activity with broad participation from civil, Department of Defense, and both national and international commercial space systems providers and stakeholders. The S3VI is jointly sponsored by NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate and Science Mission Directorate.

Small Spacecraft↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

The SSRI Knowledge Base Tool: Current Tool Functionality Review and Planned Future Enhancements

NASA’s Small Satellite Reliability Initiative (SSRI), in conjunction with NASA’s Small Spacecraft Systems Virtual Institute (S3VI), has developed the SSRI Knowledge Base to improve mission confidence for small spacecraft. The SSRI Knowledge Base provides vetted, high-quality sources of information on elements that are key to successful small spacecraft missions. These resources include SSRI working group generated documents and presentations in addition to existing guides, publications, standards, software tools, websites, and books. The Knowledge Base is fully searchable, offers downloadable content when possible, and otherwise links to or references content directly from within the tool. All 58 of the planned topic pages that comprise the SSRI Knowledge Base have been recently completed and include over 450 unique resources that are now available for review. Over the past several months significant enhancements to the tool’s capabilities have been developed and implemented. These enhancements consist of the completed baseline content; development of an Application Programming Interface (API); improved user interfaces; scalable and searchable Best Practices and Lessons Learned (BPLL) lists with ratings; and custom website analytics. The SSRI Knowledge Base is a comprehensive and searchable online tool that consolidates and organizes resources, best practices, and lessons learned from previous small spacecraft missions sponsored by NASA, other government agencies, and academia. This free, publicly available tool is available to the entire SmallSat community at: NASA SSRI Knowledge Base | Explore. This presentation will discuss the motivation for and development of the SSRI Knowledge Base, demonstrate the existing tool, share how the smallsat community can get involved and outline plans for further enhancement development. The SSRI is a collaborative activity with broad participation from civil, Department of Defense, and both national and international commercial space systems providers and stakeholders. The S3VI is jointly sponsored by NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate and Science Mission Directorate.

Small Spacecraft↗
NASA NTRS1979

Systems engineering overview for regenerative life-support systems applicable to space habitats

The Life-Support Systems Group of the 1977 NASA Ames Summer Study conducted analyses initially to identify areas where partial or complete closure of the life-support system, for various types of space habitats, should be considered, and to develop a sound methodology for identifying, screening, and evaluating alternative closure schemes. Results of these analyses, including the systems engineering considerations that affect technology-development planning and management for regenerative life-support systems, are discussed. A recommended methodology is also presented as a basis for future technology-development activities in this area.

Spurlock, J.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Current status of the Taiwan Photon Source project

The progress of establishment of a high brightness and low emittance mid-energy storage ring is reported. The status of the 3 GeV Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) currently under construction will be presented. The progress on the civil construction, manufacturing of machine components, as well as the opportunity of using low emittace synchrotron source and phase I beamlines at TPS will be mentioned. The future planning of phase II beamlines and related research will be sketched. Future developments will be also briefly outlined.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

OVERVIEW OF PARTICLE DEPOSITION MODELS FOR SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL STORAGE SYSTEMS

Deposition models were built to evaluate contaminant deposition on spent nuclear fuel (SNF) canisters. The primary contaminant of concern is chloride, which is dispersed in the atmosphere and then deposits onto the canisters. During dry storage, the primary degradation process is likely to be Chloride Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking (CISCC) at the heat-affected zones of the canister welds. It is known that stainless steel canisters are susceptible to CISCC; however, the rate of chloride deposition onto the canisters is poorly known, based on sparse field data from a small number of sites. The models presented in this study could be useful for determining the rate of deposition on the canisters and the likelihood of CISCC to help with SNF canister ageing management. The deposition models were developed with the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code STAR-CCM+. Various deposition mechanisms were considered and incorporated into the models, and a sensitivity study was conducted to determine the most important mechanisms for deposition within a SNF storage system. The models included both a vertical and horizontal configuration storage system: NAC International’s Modular, Advanced Generation, Nuclear All-purpose STORage System (MAGNASTOR®) and a NUHOMS® horizontal storage module respectively. The resulting canister deposition on the horizontal canister is visually compared with inspection data taken onsite at the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant. These models are preliminary, and development of the models will continue. Future validation exercises are currently being planned, including the Canister Deposition Field Demonstration (CDFD) effort funded by U.S. Department of Energy office of Nuclear Energy office of Spent Fuel Waste Science and Technology. The goal of the modeling presented is to demonstrate a potential modeling technique that could be used to plan and inform SNF canister ageing management programs with predictive models for the timing and occurrence of canister CISCC.

Suffield, Sarah R.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Design Status of the Electron-Ion Collider

The Electron-Ion Collider is gearing up for "Critical Decision 2", theproject baseline with defined scope, cost and schedule.Lattice designs are beingfinalized, and preliminary component design is being carried out. Beam dynamicsstudies such as dynamic aperture optimization, instability and polarizationstudies, and beam-beam simulations are continuing in parallel. We report onthe latest developments and the overall status of the project, and presentthe plans for future activities.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Enterprise Risks for Scientific Software in the Post Exascale Era

The Department of Energy’s Office of Science’s Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) Office hosts three high performance computing Facilities and one high performance networking Facility. ASCR’s Facilities Division and these four Facilities established a joint working group to address the most severe threats to the software capabilities that can prevent the Facilities from supporting a diverse array of mission critical scientific research carried out by thousands of researchers from national labs, academia, and industry. This report outlines the risk categories, threat matrix calculations, and number of risks in each of the categories along with the threat levels. Two categories—programming environment/tools and system software—account for 13 out of the 20 risks encountered in the risk register. A significant risk to ASCR’s software ecosystem also arises from the possible loss of personnel and expertise past the end of the exascale computing project. The working group recommends that the software enterprise risks are reevaluated regularly, and are considered in future decision making regarding system acquisition, knowledge sharing, partnership development, and strategic planning

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Fuels Irradiation and Physics Database (FIPD) Development and Data Qualification FY24 Updates

The DOE-NE Advanced Reactor Technologies program has supported efforts to recover and preserve metallic fuel data generated throughout the past fast reactor R&D programs. Those efforts are currently focused on establishing databases for information from the experiments conducted during the Integral Fast Reactor program including data generated at EBR-II, FFTF, and TREAT reactors, as well as out of pile transient testing data. These databases are essential for future-licensing activities of metallic fuel based advanced fast reactors. This report describes the Metallic Fuels Irradiation & Physics Database (FIPD) development, content updates, data qualification status, and user support in FY24. Future plans are also provided.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗