Maintaining Micron-Size Beams in Collision at the Interaction Point of the Stanford Linear Collider
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The micro-environment in this study refers to the air space and environment around a person that directly impacts his/her thermal sensation. Most existing HVAC systems condition the air of the entire room including the unoccupied space, which leaves a big potential to save energy. This study aims at evaluating the performance of three existing air terminal devices (ATDs) and two heating delivering devices (HDDs) to manage the thermal balance so as not to sacrifice thermal comfort when the ambient unoccupied space temperature is expanded from 21.1-23.9 °C to 18.9-26.1 °C to reduce HVAC load. A 20-segment thermal manikin was put in a full-scale stainless-steel chamber to test with selected ATDs and HDDs. Results show that all the three ATDs with only 50 W cooling power and the heating mat with a reflective box using 60 W heating power were able to recover the thermal comfort in a room of expanded temperature set-point. The cooling performance of the jet was increased more by increasing the supply airflow rate than reducing the supply air temperature, and 8.0 L/s flow rate could remove more than 15.6 W from the manikin. A heating mat that heated the feet by conduction was more efficient than the heating bulb, and with 60 W heating power, it could reduce the heat loss from the manikin by more than 12.2 W.
A system includes a standpipe for receiving a flow of solids therethrough, the standpipe having at least one inlet configured to receive a gas for decreasing a solids-to-gas ratio of the flow, a sealpot having an inlet fluidly coupled to the standpipe and an outlet fluidly coupled to a riser, the sealpot being configured to fluidize the solids received from the standpipe and to transport the solids to the riser, and a drain device fluidly coupled to an outlet in the standpipe, the outlet being located upstream from the inlet of the sealpot. The drain device is configured to remove the excess gas from the flow of solids within the standpipe to increase the solids-to-gas ratio of the flow prior to the solids entering the sealpot.
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The present invention relates to systems and methods for preparing reactively sputtered films. The films are generally thin transition metal oxide (TMO) films having an optimum stoichiometry for any useful device (e.g., a sub-stoichiometric thin film for a memristor device). Described herein are systems, methods, and calibrations processes that employ rapid control of partial pressures to obtain the desired film.
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The disclosure provides a metabolic pathway for producing a metabolite, the metabolic pathway having a co-factor purge valve system for recycling a cofactor used in the metabolic pathway.
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The B61 nuclear gravity bomb, deployed from U.S. Air Force and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) bases, has almost 50 years of service, making it the oldest and most versatile weapon in the enduring U.S. stockpile. Numerous modifications have been made to improve the B61’s safety, security, and reliability since the first B61 entered service in 1968, and four B61 variants remain in the stockpile: the 3, 4, 7, and 11. However, the aging weapon system requires a life extension to continue deterring potential adversaries and reassuring our allies and partners of our security commitments to them.
The W76-1 is a refurbished W76-0 warhead, which is a submarine-launched ballistic missile system that was first introduced into the stockpile for the Navy in 1978. The W76-1 Life Extension Program extends the originally designed warhead service life of 20 years to 60 years. The W76-1 continues to meet all missions and capabilities of the original W76-0 warhead and does not provide new military capabilities. NNSA completed refurbished warhead production at the Pantex Plant in December 2018.
In close coordination with the Department of Defense,NNSA is extending the life of the W80-1 warhead through the W80-4 Life Extension Program (LEP) for use in the U.S. Air Force’s Long Range Standoff (LRSO) cruise missile. Together, the W80-4 and LRSO will help ensure the long-term effectiveness of the bomber leg of the Nation’s nuclear triad. The W80-4 LEP will also extend the warhead’s service life while enhancing its safety, security, and reliability.
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