Preventing oil migration in vacuum systems
Method which uses a disposable metal gasket that is removed when system is deactivated eliminates oil migration from mechanical pump to other areas of the system.
Cridlin, M.↗
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Results for “DEACTIVATION”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Plasma calcining of pigment particles for thermal control coatings
Method utilizes an RF excited plasma to surface deactivate thermally stable powders at high temperatures. Utilization of this plasma heat treatment at high temperatures can be carried out without grain growth, calcination, or agglomeration.
Farley, E. P.↗
The reaction of OH with NO2
NO2 was photolyzed with 2288A radiation at 300 and 423 K in the presence of H2O, CO, and in some cases excess He. The photolysis produces O(1D) atoms which react with H2O to give HO radicals or are deactivated by CO to O(3P) atoms. The ratio k sub 5/k sub 3 is temperature dependent, being 0.33 at 300 K and 0.60 at 423 K. From these two points the Arrhenius expression is estimated to be k sub 5/k sub 3 = 2.6 exp(-1200/RT) where R is in calories/mole - K. The OH radical is either removed by NO2 or reacts with CO.
Simonaitis, R.↗
Apollo 16 Mission Anomaly Report No. 1: Oxidizer Deservicing Tank Failure
The command module reaction control system is emptied of all remaining propellant using ground support equipment designed to provide an acid/base neutralization of the propellant in both the liquid and gaseous phases so that it may be disposed of safely. During the deactivation operation of the oxidizer from the Apollo 16 command module on 7 May 1972, the scrubber tank of the decontamination unit exploded, destroying the ground support equipment unit and damaging the building that housed the operation. Only minor injuries were received by the personnel in the area and the command module was not damaged. Test results show that the failure was caused by an insufficient quantity of neutralizer for the quantity of oxidizer. This insufficiency lead to exothermic nitration-type reactions which produced large quantities of gas at a very high rate and failed the decontamination tank.
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Apollo 16 Mission: Oxidizer Deservicing Tank Failure: Anomaly Report - No. 1
An explosive failure of a ground support equipment decontamination unit tank occurred during the postflight deactivation of the oxidizer (nitrogen tetroxide) portion of the Apollo 16 command module reaction control system. A discussion of the significant aspects of the incident and conclusions are included.
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Temperature dependence of vibrational relaxation in the HF, DF, HF-CO2, and DF-CO2 systems
The laser excited fluorescence method has been employed to determine rate constants for V to V, R and V to R, T relaxation HF (nu = 1) and DF(nu = 1) by CO2 over the temperature range from 295 to 670 K. The self-deactivation rates for HF(nu = 1) and DF(nu = 1) by ground state molecules and the rate of V to V, R transfer from HF(nu = 1) and DF(nu = 1) to the CO2 (00/0/1) state exhibit a marked decrease with increasing temperature. The results provide additional evidence for the conversion of the large vibrational energy defects of the present systems into rotational motion of the hydrogen halide under the influence of a sizable attractive intermolecular potential well.
Lucht, R. A.↗
A flash photolysis-resonance fluorescence study of the formation of O(D-1) in the photolysis of water and reaction of O(D-1) with H2, Ar and He
The relative importance of two primary processes in the photolyis of water: (1) H2O + h (nu) yields H + OH, and (2) H2O + h (nu) yields H2 + OD-1 were determined in a direct manner by time resolved detection (via resonance fluorescence) of H and O formed in processes 1 and 2 respectively. The initially formed OD-1 was deactivated to ground state OP-3 prior to detection via resonance fluorescence. The relative quantum yields for processes 1 and 2 are 0.89 and 0.11 for the wavelength interval 105 to 145nm and = to or greater than 0.99, and = to or less than 0.01 for the wavelength interval 145 to 185nm. Rate constants at 300 K for the reactions OD-1 + H2, + Ar, and + He are presented.
Stief, L. J.↗
San Francisco floating STOLport study
The operational, economic, environmental, social and engineering feasibility of utilizing deactivated maritime vessels as a waterfront quiet short takeoff and landing facility to be located near the central business district of San Francisco was investigated. Criteria were developed to evaluate each site, and minimum standards were established for each criterion. Predicted conditions at the two sites were compared to the requirements for each of the 11 criteria as a means of evaluating site performance. Criteria include land use, community structure, economic impact, access, visual character, noise, air pollution, natural environment, weather, air traffic, and terminal design.
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Development of a high-resolution automatic digital (urine/electrolytes) flow volume and rate measurement system of miniature size
To aid in the quantitative analysis of man's physiological rhythms, a flowmeter to measure circadian patterns of electrolyte excretion during various environmental stresses was developed. One initial flowmeter was designed and fabricated, the sensor of which is the approximate size of a wristwatch. The detector section includes a special type of dielectric integrating type sensor which automatically controls, activates, and deactivates the flow sensor data output by determining the presence or absence of fluid flow in the system, including operation under zero-G conditions. The detector also provides qualitative data on the composition of the fluid. A compact electronic system was developed to indicate flow rate as well as total volume per release or the cumulative volume of several releases in digital/analog forms suitable for readout or telemetry. A suitable data readout instrument is also provided. Calibration and statistical analyses of the performance functions required of the flowmeter were also conducted.
Liu, F. F.↗
Temperature dependence of vibrational relaxation in the HF-DF, HF-CO2, and DF-CO2 systems. II
Measurements of vibrational energy transfer probabilities are presented for the temperature range 205-360 K for HF-DF, HF-CO2, and DF-CO2 gas mixtures. The present results provide an accurate determination of the inverse temperature dependence of the energy transfer probabilities exhibited by these systems. Large deactivation effects caused by HF (DF) polymers were observed for temperatures below 220 K.
Lucht, R. A.↗
Reaction of NH2 with NO and O2
Experiments were performed on the photooxidation of NH3 at room temperature and the photolysis of NH3-NO mixtures in order to determine the reaction paths of NH2 with O2. NH3 was photolyzed (NH3 + E yields NH2 + H) in the presence of O2 above 0.6 torr at 213.9 nm and 25 C, producing N2 and N2O. Only N2 and N2O were produced with any significant quantum yield, and their quantum yield was invariant with reaction conditions, which imposes a great number of constraints reducing the number of possible reactions greatly. It is argued that the N2 must be produced from the NH2O2 radical which was produced by the reaction between NH2 and O2. Subsequent reactions leading to N2 and N2O are speculative. In the photolysis of NH3 in the presence of NO and NO-O2 mixtures, the products identified were N2, H2, and N2O. Without the presence of O2, the reaction scheme after photolysis is (2) NH2 + NO yields N2 + H2O, (3) H + NO + M yields HNO + M, (4) H + HNO yields H2 + NO, and (5) 2HNO yields N2O + H2O. The average value for the ratio k3 times the square root of k5 divided by k4 was computed to be (1.6 plus or minus 0.6) times 10 to the minus 28th cm to the exponent 9/2 per square root sec. In addition, the presence of 113 mtorr of O2 had no effect on the quantum yields of N2 or H2, so it appears that it does not deactivate electronically excited NH3.
Jayanty, R. K. M.↗
Synthesis and analysis of jet fuel from shale oil and coal syncrudes
Thirty-two jet fuel samples of varying properties were produced from shale oil and coal syncrudes, and analyzed to assess their suitability for use. TOSCO II shale oil and H-COAL and COED syncrudes were used as starting materials. The processes used were among those commonly in use in petroleum processing-distillation, hydrogenation and catalytic hydrocracking. The processing conditions required to meet two levels of specifications regarding aromatic, hydrogen, sulfur and nitrogen contents at two yield levels were determined and found to be more demanding than normally required in petroleum processing. Analysis of the samples produced indicated that if the more stringent specifications of 13.5% hydrogen (min.) and 0.02% nitrogen (max.) were met, products similar in properties to conventional jet fuels were obtained. In general, shale oil was easier to process (catalyst deactivation was seen when processing coal syncrudes), consumed less hydrogen and yielded superior products. Based on these considerations, shale oil appears to be preferred to coal as a petroleum substitute for jet fuel production.
Gallagher, J. P.↗
Payload specialist station study. Volume 2, part 1: Preliminary design document
The details of six tasks of the payload Specialist Station study are discussed: (1) derive payload control and display requirements; (2) perform functional analyses; (3) perform system synthesis; (4) perform trade studies; (5) perform preliminary design; and (6) provide data format. Functional analysis diagrams were developed for the study payloads. These diagrams presented the payload's functional activities flow based on the six mission phases established. These phases are: (1) launch, ascent, orbit insertion; (2) on-orbit checkout and activation; (3) on-orbit operation; (4) deployment/retrieval; (5) on-orbit deactivation; and (6) descent, landing, post-landing. To perform system synthesis the widest variety of available hardware and software, as individual pieces of equipment and as systems, was investigated. The intent was to synthesize a complete AFD system or systems which could accommodate the range of requirements identified for the study missions.
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Recombination of O2/+/ in the ionosphere
In spite of the excellent agreement between various laboratory measurements of the recombination rate of O2(+) with electrons, it is still questionable whether the laboratory results apply in the ionosphere, because although the radiative lifetime of vibrating O2(+) is not well known, indications are that it may be very long. Whether the laboratory results apply in the atmosphere depends on whether the recombination rate is dependent on the vibrational state of the O2(+) ion and on whether the ions are deactivated (or not) in both the laboratory experiments and the atmosphere prior to recombination. To obtain reliable answers to these questions, the present study was carried out to determine the recombination of O2(+) in the ionosphere from in situ measurements of the relevant temperatures and densities made by the open source mass spectrometer carried by the AE-C satellite. The photochemistry involved is discussed. The results show that the ionospheric determination of the recombination rate of O2(+) with electrons agrees with the laboratory measurements of Walls and Dunn (1974) for electron temperatures between 1200 and 2000 K.
Torr, D. G.↗
Some aspects of the stratospheric Cl-ClO-Cl cycle - Possible roles of ClO, ClNO3 and HOCl
The possible inhibitory effect of excited ClO produced during chlorine-sensitized ozone decomposition on the stratospheric Cl-ClO-Cl cycle is investigated. Collisional deactivation of excited ClO is discussed, chemical reactions involving excited ClO are examined, and the possible roles of HO2 and NO2 in weakening the Cl-ClO-Cl cycle are evaluated. It is noted that the formation of HOCl through a reaction between ClO and HO2 implies that the Cl-ClO-Cl cycle has not been completed.
Prasad, S. S.↗
Overload protection system for power inverter
An overload protection system for a power inverter utilized a first circuit for monitoring current to the load from the power inverter to detect an overload and a control circuit to shut off the power inverter, when an overload condition was detected. At the same time, a monitoring current inverter was turned on to deliver current to the load at a very low power level. A second circuit monitored current to the load, from the monitoring current inverter, to hold the power inverter off through the control circuit, until the overload condition was cleared so that the control circuit may be deactivated in order for the power inverter to be restored after the monitoring current inverter is turned off completely.
Nagano, S.↗
Optical conversion method
An optical pickup comprising an electrooptical device located between two crossed polarizing devices all positioned along a common optical axis is described for switching a TV system between a color mode and a black and white mode. Embodiments in which the electrooptical system is used as a neutral density filter, a selective color filter, or a light shutter as applied to a television camera are described. Where the optical system is used as a selective color filter to produce light beams of alternating color in a field sequential color television system, deactivation of the optical system renders the television a black and white system.
Perry, W. E.↗
Experiments concerning the laser-enhanced reaction between vibrationally excited O3 and NO
The enhancement in reaction rate between O3 and NO is studied for the case of O3 vibrationally excited by a CO2 laser. Chemiluminescence observations of a vibrationally excited and an electronically excited nitrogen dioxide reaction product provide information on the separate contributions to the overall reaction rate of these two reactive channels. The contribution of the stretching and bending modes of O3 to the reaction rate enhancement is also discussed. In addition, consideration is given to the nonreactive vibrational deactivation of vibrationally excited O3.
Hui, K.-K.↗