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At least 559 records · Page 31
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2016

NASA Near Earth Network (NEN) and Space Network (SN) CubeSat Communications

There has been a recent trend to increase capability and drive down the Size, Weight and Power (SWAP) of satellites. NASA scientists and engineers across many of NASA's Mission Directorates and Centers are developing exciting CubeSat concepts and welcome potential partnerships for CubeSat endeavors. From a "Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TT&C) Systems and Flight Operations for Small Satellites" point of view, small satellites including CubeSats are a challenge to coordinate because of existing small spacecraft constraints, such as limited SWAP and attitude control, and the potential for high numbers of operational spacecraft. The NASA Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Program's Near Earth Network (NEN) and Space Network (SN) are customer driven organizations that provide comprehensive communications services for space assets including data transport between a mission's orbiting satellite and its Mission Operations Center (MOC). This paper presents how well the SCaN networks, SN and NEN, are currently positioned to support the emerging small small satellite and CubeSat market as well as planned enhancements for future support.

Schaire, Scott H.↗
NASA NTRS2016

NASA Near Earth Network (NEN) and Space Network (SN) Support of CubeSat Communications

There has been a historical trend to increase capability and drive down the Size, Weight and Power (SWAP) of satellites and that trend continues today. NASA scientists and engineers across many of NASAs Mission Directorates and Centers are developing exciting CubeSat concepts and welcome potential partnerships for CubeSat endeavors. From a Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TTC) Systems and Flight Operations for Small Satellites point of view, small satellites including CubeSats are a challenge to coordinate because of existing small spacecraft constraints, such as limited SWAP and attitude control, and the potential for high numbers of operational spacecraft. The NASA Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Programs Near Earth Network (NEN) and Space Network (SN) are customer driven organizations that provide comprehensive communications services for space assets including data transport between a missions orbiting satellite and its Mission Operations Center (MOC). This paper presents how well the SCaN networks, SN and NEN, are currently positioned to support the emerging small small satellite and CubeSat market as well as planned enhancements for future support.

Satellite↗
NASA NTRS2017

Effect of Silicon on Activity Coefficients of P, Bl, CD, SN, and AG in Liquid Fe-Si, and Implications for Differentiation and Core Formation

Cores of differentiated bodies (Earth, Mars, Mercury, Moon, Vesta) contain light elements such as S, C, Si, and O. We have previously measured small effects of Si on metal-silicate partitioning of Ni and Co [1,2], and larger effects for Mo, Ge, Sb, As [2]. The effect of Si on many siderophile elements could be an important, and as yet unquantified, influence on the core-mantle partitioning of SE. Here we report new experiments designed to quantify the effect of Si on the partitioning of Bi, Cd, Sn, Ag, and P between metal and silicate melt. The results will be applied to Earth, Mars, Mercury, Moon, and Vesta, for which we have excellent constraints on the mantle Bi, Cd, Sn, Ag, and P concentrations from mantle and/or basalt samples.

Righter, K.↗
NASA NTRS2017

Constraints on the Progenitor of SN 2010jl and Pre-existing Hot Dust in its Surrounding Medium

A search for the progenitor of SN 2010jl, an unusually luminous core-collapse supernova of Type IIn, using pre-explosion Hubble/WFPC2 and Spitzer/IRAC images of the region, yielded upper limits on the UV and near infrared (IR) fluxes from any candidate star. These upper limits constrain the luminosity and effective temperature of the progenitor, the mass of any pre-existing dust in its surrounding circumstellar medium (CSM), and dust proximity to the star. A lower limit on the CSM dust mass is required to hide a luminous progenitor from detection by Hubble. Upper limits on the CSM dust mass and constraints on its proximity to the star are set by requiring that the absorbed and reradiated IR emission not exceed the IRAC upper limits. Using the combined extinction-IR emission constraints, we present viable M(sub d)-R(sub 1) combinations, where M(sub d) and R(sub 1) are the CSM dust mass and its inner radius. These depend on the CSM outer radius, dust composition and grain size, and the properties of the progenitor. The results constrain the pre-supernova evolution of the progenitor, and the nature and origin of the observed post-explosion IR emission from SN 2010jl. In particular, an eta Car-type progenitor will require at least 4 mag of visual extinction to avoid detection by Hubble. This can be achieved with dust masses greater than approximately equal to 10(exp -3) solar mass (less than the estimated 0.2-0.5 solar mass around eta Car), which must be located at distances of greater than approximately equal to 10(exp 16) cm from the star to avoid detection by Spitzer.

Dwek, Eli↗
NASA NTRS2018

Effect of Silicon on Activity Coefficients of P, Bi, Cd, Sn, and Ag in Liquid Fe-Si, and Implications for Core Formation

Cores of differentiated bodies (Earth, Mars, Mercury, Moon, Vesta) contain light elements such as S, C, Si, and O. We have previously measured small effects of Si on Ni and Co, and larger effects on Mo, Ge, Sb, As metal/silicate partitioning. The effect of Si on metal-silicate partitioning has been quantified for many siderophile elements, but there are a few key elements for which the effects are not yet quantified. Here we report new experiments designed to quantify the effect of Si on the partitioning of Bi, Cd, Sn, Ag, and P between metal and silicate melt. The results will be applied to Earth, Mars, Moon, and Vesta, for which we have good constraints on the mantle Bi, Cd, Sn, Ag, and P concentrations from mantle and/or basalt samples.

Righter, K.↗
NASA NTRS2019

The Type II superluminous SN 2008es at late times: near-infrared excess and circumstellar interaction

SN 2008es is one of the rare cases of a Type II superluminous supernova (SLSN), showing no narrow features in its early-time spectra, and therefore, its powering mechanism is under debate between circumstellar interaction (CSI) and magnetar spin-down. Late-time data are required for better constraints. We present optical and near-infrared (NIR) photometry obtained from Gemini, Keck, and Palomar Observatories from 192 to 554 d after explosion. Only broad H α emission is detected in a Gemini spectrum at 288 d. The line profile exhibits red-wing attenuation relative to the early-time spectrum. In addition to the cooling SN photosphere, an NIR excess with blackbody temperature ∼1500 K and radius ∼1016 cm is observed. This evidence supports dust condensation in the cool dense shell being responsible for the spectral evolution and NIR excess. We favour CSI, with ∼2–3 Mꙩ of circumstellar material (CSM) and ∼10–20 Mꙩ of ejecta, as the powering mechanism, which still dominates at our late-time epochs. Both models of uniform density and steady wind fit the data equally well, with an effective CSM radius ∼1015 cm, supporting the efficient conversion of shock energy to radiation by CSI. A low amount (≲0.4 Mꙩ) of 56Ni is possible but cannot be verified yet, since the light curve is dominated by CSI. The magnetar spin-down powering mechanism cannot be ruled out, but is less favoured because it overpredicts the late-time fluxes and may be inconsistent with the presence of dust.

Kornpob Bhirombhakdi↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(HgSe2)2 by Materials Project

Hg2SnSe4 crystallizes in the tetragonal I-4 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Hg2+ sites. In the first Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded to four equivalent Se2- atoms to form HgSe4 tetrahedra that share corners with four equivalent HgSe4 tetrahedra and corners with four equivalent SnSe4 tetrahedra. All Hg–Se bond lengths are 2.73 Å. In the second Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded to four equivalent Se2- atoms to form HgSe4 tetrahedra that share corners with four equivalent HgSe4 tetrahedra and corners with four equivalent SnSe4 tetrahedra. All Hg–Se bond lengths are 2.73 Å. Sn4+ is bonded to four equivalent Se2- atoms to form SnSe4 tetrahedra that share corners with eight HgSe4 tetrahedra. All Sn–Se bond lengths are 2.59 Å. Se2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to two Hg2+ and one Sn4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(PbO2)2 by Materials Project

Pb2SnO4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbam space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Pb2+ sites. In the first Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.86 Å. In the second Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.84 Å. Sn4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form edge-sharing SnO6 octahedra. There are two shorter (2.08 Å) and four longer (2.14 Å) Sn–O bond lengths. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and two equivalent Sn4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and two equivalent Sn4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Pb2+ and one Sn4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(SbTe2)2 by Materials Project

SnSb2Te4 is MAX Phase-like structured and crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of three SnSb2Te4 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Sn2+ is bonded to six equivalent Te2- atoms to form SnTe6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent SbTe6 octahedra, edges with six equivalent SnTe6 octahedra, and edges with six equivalent SbTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. All Sn–Te bond lengths are 3.17 Å. Sb3+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form SbTe6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent SnTe6 octahedra, edges with three equivalent SnTe6 octahedra, and edges with six equivalent SbTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. There are three shorter (3.03 Å) and three longer (3.22 Å) Sb–Te bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Te2- sites. In the first Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Sb3+ atoms. In the second Te2- site, Te2- is bonded to three equivalent Sn2+ and three equivalent Sb3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TeSn3Sb3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(PS3)2 by Materials Project

SnP2S6 crystallizes in the trigonal R3 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of three SnP2S6 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Sn2+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six S2- atoms. All Sn–S bond lengths are 2.62 Å. There are two inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent S2- atoms. All P–S bond lengths are 2.04 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent S2- atoms. All P–S bond lengths are 2.04 Å. There are two inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(BiTe2)2 by Materials Project

SnBi2Te4 is MAX Phase-like structured and crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of three SnBi2Te4 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Sn2+ is bonded to six equivalent Te2- atoms to form SnTe6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent BiTe6 octahedra, edges with six equivalent SnTe6 octahedra, and edges with six equivalent BiTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 2°. All Sn–Te bond lengths are 3.20 Å. Bi3+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form BiTe6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent SnTe6 octahedra, edges with three equivalent SnTe6 octahedra, and edges with six equivalent BiTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 2°. There are three shorter (3.09 Å) and three longer (3.30 Å) Bi–Te bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Te2- sites. In the first Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Bi3+ atoms. In the second Te2- site, Te2- is bonded to three equivalent Sn2+ and three equivalent Bi3+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TeSn3Bi3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(Mo3S4)2 by Materials Project

SnMo6S8 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mo2+ is bonded to five S2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing MoS5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Mo–S bond distances ranging from 2.40–2.57 Å. Sn4+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight S2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.78 Å) and six longer (3.13 Å) Sn–S bond lengths. There are two inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Mo2+ and one Sn4+ atom. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Mo2+ and one Sn4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(CO2)2 by Materials Project

SnC2O4 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two SnC2O4 ribbons oriented in the (1, 0, 1) direction. Sn2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.27 Å) and two longer (2.41 Å) Sn–O bond lengths. C3+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.26 Å) and one longer (1.28 Å) C–O bond length. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Sn2+ and one C3+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one C3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(S4I)4 by Materials Project

Sn(S)16(I)4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Fdd2 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight 7440-31-5 molecules, thirty-two hydriodic acid molecules, and sixteen octasulfur molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SnC2(SN)2 by Materials Project

SnC2(NS)2 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two diisothiocyanatotin molecules. Sn2+ is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two N3- atoms. There are one shorter (2.23 Å) and one longer (2.30 Å) Sn–N bond lengths. There are two inequivalent C4+ sites. In the first C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one N3- and one S2- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. The C–S bond length is 1.62 Å. In the second C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one N3- and one S2- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. The C–S bond length is 1.63 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one C4+ atom. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Sn2+ and one C4+ atom. There are two inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one C4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(S4I)4 by Materials Project

Sn(S)16(I)4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Fdd2 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight 7440-31-5 molecules, thirty-two hydriodic acid molecules, and sixteen octasulfur molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(PO3)2 by Materials Project

SnOP2O5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two SnOP2O5 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Sn2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Sn–O bond distances ranging from 2.26–2.55 Å. There are two inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There is two shorter (1.51 Å) and two longer (1.62 Å) P–O bond length. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(PO3)2 by Materials Project

SnOP2O5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic C222_1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sn2+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SnO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Sn–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.40 Å. There are three inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent SnO4 tetrahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent SnO4 tetrahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. There is two shorter (1.50 Å) and two longer (1.61 Å) P–O bond length. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent SnO4 tetrahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. There is two shorter (1.50 Å) and two longer (1.63 Å) P–O bond length. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗