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At least 559 records · Page 31
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1985

Multiple muons of conventional and exotic origin in DUMAND

A first summary of results from a theoretical analysis, based on hadron - muon cascade calculations, that yield relative intensities of very high energy multiple muons originating from ultra high energy interactions initiated by primary protons and iron nuclei in the atmosphere, under consideration of normal as well as direct and exotic production channels is presented. Lateral density distributions and target diagrams will be presented which show that only very large detectors, such as DUMAND, will be able to record multiple muons of conventional origin reliably. This, however, is a prerequisite for any primary mass determination based on multiple muon data.

Grieder, K. F.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Absolute spectrum and charge ratio of cosmic ray muons in the energy region from 0.2 GeV to 100 GeV at 600 m above sea level

We have determined the momentum spectrum and charge ratio of muons in the region from 250 MeV/c to 100 GeV/c using a superconducting magnetic spectrometer. The absolute differential spectrum of muons obtained in this experiment at 600 m above sea level is in good agreement with the previous measurements at sea level. The differential spectrum can be represented by a power law with a varying index, which is consistent with zero below 450 MeV/c and steepens to a value of -2.7 +/- 0.1 between 20 and 100 GeV/c. The integral f1ux of muons measured in this experiment span a very large range of momentum and is in excellent agreement with the earlier results. The positive to negative muon ratio appears to be constant in the entire momentum range covered in this experiment within the errors and the mean value is 1.220 +/- 0.044. The absolute momentum spectrum and the charge ratio measured in this experiment are also consistent with the theoretical expectations. This is the only experiment which covers a wide range of nearly three decades in momentum from a very low momentum.

De Pascale, M. P.↗
DOE OSTI2013

A Charge Separation Study to Enable the Design of a Complete Muon Cooling Channel

The most promising designs for 6D muon cooling channels operate on a specific sign of electric charge. In particular, the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) and Rectilinear RFOFO designs are the leading candidates to become the baseline 6D cooling channel in the Muon Accelerator Program (MAP). Time constraints prevented the design of a realistic charge separator, so a simplified study was performed to emulate the effects of charge separation on muons exiting the front end of a muon collider. The output of the study provides particle distributions that the competing designs will use as input into their cooling channels. We report here on the study of the charge separator that created the simulated particles.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Phase space density as a measure of cooling performance for the international muon ionization cooling experiment

The International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is an experiment to demonstrate ionization cooling of a muon beam in a beamline that shares characteristics with one that might be used for a muon collider or neutrino factory. I describe a way to quantify cooling performance by examining the phase space density of muons, and determining how much that density increases. This contrasts with the more common methods that rely on the covariance matrix and compute emittances from that. I discuss why a direct measure of phase space density might be preferable to a covariance matrix method. I apply this technique to an early proposal for the MICE final step beamline. I discuss how matching impacts the measured performance.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Complete Muon Cooling Channel Design and Simulations

While considerable progress has been made in developing promising subsystems for muon beam cooling channels to provide the extraordinary reduction of emittances, there is no end-to-end design that is capable of matching between or within the various subsystems. We present concepts to match emittances between and within muon beam cooling subsystems via the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which allows a general analytic approach to guide designs of transitions from one set of cooling channel parameters to another. These principles are demonstrated between segments in an existing cooling channel design, resulting in better performance (elimination of particle losses and colder muons) achieved in a channel approximately half its original length! These techniques will allow for a design of a complete cooling channel in a Muon Collider (MC) applicable to a Higgs Factory and an Energy Frontier machine.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Final 6D Muon Ionization Colling using Strong Focusing Quadrupoles

Abstract Low emittance muon beam lines and muon colliders are potentially a rich source of BSM physics for future exper- imenters. A muon beam normalized emittance of ax,y,z = (280, 280, 1570)µm has been achieved in simulation with short solenoids and a betatron function of 3 cm. Here we use ICOOL and MAD-X to explore using a 400 MeV/c muon beam and strong focusing quadrupoles to achieve a normalized transverse emittance of 100 µm and complete 6D cooling. The low beta regions, as low as 5 mm, produced by the quadrupoles are occupied by dense, low Z absorbers, such as lithium hydride or beryllium, that cool the beam transversely. Equilibrium transverse emittance is linearly proportional to the transverse betatron function. Reverse emittance exchange with septa and/or wedges is then used to decrease transverse emittance from 100 to 25 µm at the expense of longitudinal emittance for a high energy lepton collider. Cooling challenges include chromaticity correction, ssband overlap, quadrupole acceptance, and staying in phase with RF.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Enabling Intensity and Energy Frontier Science with a Muon Accelerator Facility in the U.S.: A White Paper Submitted to the 2013 U.S. Community Summer Study of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society

A staged approach towards muon based facilities for Intensity and Energy Frontier science, building upon existing and proposed facilities at Fermilab, is presented. At each stage, a facility exploring new physics also provides an R&D platform to validate the technology needed for subsequent stages. The envisioned program begins with nuSTORM, a sensitive sterile neutrino search which also provides precision neutrino cross-section measurements while developing the technology of using and cooling muons. A staged Neutrino Factory based upon Project X, sending beams towards the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), which will house the LBNE detector, could follow for detailed exploration of neutrino properties at the Intensity Frontier, while also establishing the technology of using intense bunched muon beams. The complex could then evolve towards Muon Colliders, starting at 126 GeV with measurements of the Higgs resonance to sub-MeV precision, and continuing to multi-TeV colliders for the exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model at the Energy Frontier. An Appendix addresses specific questions raised by the Lepton Colliders subgroup of the CSS2013 Frontier Capabilities Study Group.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Cosmic muon induced EM showers in NO$\nu$A detector

Here, the NuMI Off-Axis v e Appearance (NOvA) experiment is a ne appearance neutrino oscillation experiment at Fermilab. It identifies the ne signal from the electromagnetic (EM) showers induced by the electrons in the final state of neutrino interactions. Cosmic muon induced EM showers, dominated by bremsstrahlung, are abundant in NOvA far detector. We use the Cosmic Muon- Removal technique to get pure EM shower sample from bremsstrahlung muons in data. We also use Cosmic muon decay in flight EM showers which are highly pure EM showers.The large Cosmic-EM sample can be used, as data driven method, to characterize the EM shower signature and provides valuable checks of the simulation, reconstruction, particle identification algorithm, and calibration across the NOvA detector.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

The Muon g-2 Experiment Overview and Status

The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab will measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon to a precision of 140 parts per billion, which is a factor of four improvement over the previous E821 measurement at Brookhaven. The experiment will also extend the search for the muon electric dipole moment (EDM) by approximately two orders of magnitude. Both of these measurements are made by combining a precise measurement of the 1.45T storage ring magnetic field with an analysis of the modulation of the decay rate of the higher-energy positrons from the (anti-)muon decays recorded by 24 calorimeters and 3 straw tracking detectors. The current status of the experiment as well as results from the initial beam delivery and commissioning run in the summer of 2017 will be discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2011

Configuration of the Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory Front End

The Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory muon front end consists of a pion decay channel and longitudinal drift, followed by an adiabatic buncher, phase rotation system and ionization cooling lattice. The present design is based on the lattice presented in the Neutrino Factory Study 2A report [1] and subsequently the International Scoping Study [2] with several modifications: the taper from the target solenoid has been adjusted; the drift, buncher and phase rotation solenoid field strength has been reduced from 1.75 T to 1.5 T; the whole system has been shortened; and the thickness of lithium hydride absorbers in the cooling section has been increased. These changes result in the same muon capture performance in a shorter bunch train, reducing requirements on some systems downstream of the muon front end.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Status of MICE, the International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment

Muon ionization cooling provides the only practical solution to prepare high brilliance beams necessary for a neutrino factory or muon colliders. The muon ionization cooling experiment (MICE) is thus a strategic R&D project for neutrino physics. It is under development at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK). It comprises a dedicated beam line to generate a range of input emittance and momentum, with time-of-flight and Cherenkov detectors to ensure a pure muon beam. A first measurement of emittance is performed in the upstream magnetic spectrometer with a scintillating fiber tracker. A cooling cell will then follow, alternating energy loss in liquid hydrogen and RF acceleration. A second spectrometer identical to the first one and a particle identification system provide a measurement of the outgoing emittance. In the 2010 run, completed in August, the beam and most detectors have been fully commissioned. The time of the first measurement of input beam emittance is closely approaching. The plan of steps of measurements of emittance and emittance reduction (cooling), that will follow in 2011 and later, will be reported.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

On the Feasibility of a Pulsed 14 TeV C.M.E. Muon Collider in the LHC Tunnel

We discuss the technical feasibility, key machine pa-rameters and major challenges of a 14 TeV c.m.e. muon-muon collider in the LHC tunnel [1]. The luminosity of the collider is evaluated for three alternative muon sources – the PS synchrotron, one of a type developed by the US Muon Accelerator Program (MAP) and a low-emittance option based on resonant μ-pair production.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

The Muon g-2 Straw Tracking Detectors

• Built to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment to an uncertainty of 140 ppb and search for a muon electric dipole moment. • Determine whether discrepancy from the Standard Model in the previous experiment $\Delta 𝒂_{\mu}$ 𝑬𝟖𝟐𝟏 − 𝑺𝑴 = 𝟐𝟓𝟓 ± 𝟖𝟎 ×$𝟏𝟎^{-𝟏𝟏}$ is a statistical fluctuation or indicates non-SM physics. • A muon storage ring located at Fermilab, Illinois. • 15m diameter storage ring. • 1.45T uniform magnetic field. • 24 calorimeters around the ring. • 2 tracking stations. • Storing 100s of billions of muons.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Data Analysis and Detector Troubleshooting for the Silicon Muon Scanner

Muon tomography is the calculation of the density distribution of a material from the probable angles of muon Coulomb scattering in a sampled object. This allows the probing of internal object structures that cannot otherwise be observed. It has many important applications for both national security and other fields, such as archaeology and geology. Its uses range from detecting radioactive material intended for nuclear weaponry to searching for hidden chambers in the Egyptian pyramids. In this project we intend to demonstrate the capability of a tomographic system which uses cosmic rays as the muon source and tracks each muon's initial and final trajectories to ascertain information about their scattering pattern. This method can be used to determine the structure or composition of an object, such as testing to see if a nuclear fuel cask is empty or full. We intend this as an early R&D exploration into the practicality of implementing silicon microstrip sensors in border scans for radioactive contraband, as an alternative to existing drift tube technology.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Reconstruction and Selection Tools for Charged-Current Muon Neutrino Cross Sections in SBND

SBND Near detector for the Short-Baseline Neutrino program [1] searching for sterile neutrinos in the Booster Neutrino Beam. Data taking starts in 2020. Primary detector is a liquid argon time projection chamber with a central cathode and two drift regions (TPCs). Ionization caused by charged particles is drifted in a strong electric field and detected on wire planes. Readout triggered by the neutrino beam timing and the photon detector system (PDS). Equipped with a suite of cosmic ray taggers (CRTs) [2] surrounding the central detector. Cross-sections and backgrounds SBND will provide world leading neutrino-argon cross-sections with 7,000,000 neutrino events in three years. Charged-current muon neutrino interactions will be the most abundant. The detector is on the surface with a small overburden so there is a high flux of cosmic rays (mostly muons). Cosmic ray muons can be significant background because the electron drift velocity is slow. Reconstruction Charged deposited in the TPC is reconstructed into track and shower objects with calorimetry and interaction topology information [3]. Unambiguous cosmic rays are removed. Particle-CRT intersections are reconstructed as CRT hits, trajectories of through-going particles are reconstructed as CRT tracks. Cosmic background removal SBND will see 2-3 cosmic muon interactions in the TPC for every neutrino interaction after reconstruction and initial cosmic rejection. A number of selection cuts utilizing TPC, CRT and PDS information have been developed to further reduce this background. Particles in the detector before or after the trigger time will have a shifted reconstructed X-position, most rejection methods involve finding the true crossing time (t0).

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Magnetic Field Measurement and Analysis for the Muon g-2 Experiment

The Muon g-2 Experiment (E989) at Fermilab measures the muon magnetic anomaly, aiming to resolve the greater than 3$\sigma$ discrepancy between the previous measurement and the Standard Model calculation with an improved precision of 140 part-per-billion (ppb). In E989, the muon beam is stored in a ring magnet. The spin precession frequency $\omega_{a}$ is measured by counting the decay positrons in 24 calorimeters, and the magnetic field is measured by nuclear magnet resonance (NMR) probes. An in-vacuum field scanning system consisting of NMR probes and read-out electronics has been implemented to measure the magnetic field applied to the muon beam. An additional 378 NMR probes, placed at fixed locations outside the vacuum chamber, monitor the field drift in between field scans. A high-accuracy probe was designed for calibrating the probes in the scanner. In this presentation, the magnetic field measurement hardware system and analysis methods will be described in detail. The progress of the Run-1 data analysis and improvements in Run-2 will be presented as well.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

Schemes of Laser Muon Acceleration: Ultra-Short, Micron-Scale Beams

Experimentally accessible schemes of laser muon (μ±) acceleration are introduced and modeled using a novel technique of controlled laser-driven post-processing of cascade showers (or pair plasmas). The proposed schemes use propagating structures in plasma, driven as wakefields of femtosecond-scale high-intensity laser, to capture particles of divergent cascade shower of: (a) hadronic type from proton-nucleon or photo-production reactions or, (b) electromagnetic type. Apart from the direct trapping and acceleration of particles of a raw shower in laser-driven plasma, a conditioning stage is proposed to selectively focus only one of the charge states. Not only is the high gradient that is sustained by laser-driven plasma structures well suited for rapid acceleration to extend the lifetime of short-lived muons but their inherent spatiotemporal scales also make possible production of unprecedented ultrashort, micron-scale muon beams. Compact laser muon acceleration schemes hold the promise to open up new avenues for applications.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

A Measurement of Proton, Deuteron, Triton and Alpha Particle Emission after Nuclear Muon Capture on Al, Si and Ti with the AlCap Experiment

Heavy charged particles after nuclear muon capture are an important nuclear physics background to the muon-to-electron conversion experiments Mu2e and COMET, which will search for charged lepton flavor violation at an unprecedented level of sensitivity. The AlCap experiment measured the yield and energy spectra of protons, deuterons, tritons, and alpha particles emitted after the nuclear capture of muons stopped in Al, Si, and Ti in the low energy range relevant for the muon-to-electron conversion experiments. Individual charged particle types were identified in layered silicon detector packages and their initial energy distributions were unfolded from the observed energy spectra. Detailed information on yields and energy spectra for all observed nuclei are presented in the paper.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗