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At least 559 records · Page 31
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Investigating 1- and 2- Body Interference in Neutrino Interactions with ACHILLES

Understanding neutrino oscillations can help us answer some of the universe s most fundamental questions like: Why is there more matter than antimatter? Neutrino-nucleus cross-sections (probability of neutrino interactions with nuclei) are a leading uncertainty in the measurements of neutrino oscillations. To meaningfully determine scattering parameters, measurements must be supported by robust theoretical modeling, which can be provided via event generators. In this poster, we use ACHILLES to investigate the interference term between 1-body (1p1h) and 2- body (2p2h) processes where a neutrino interacts with one or two nucleon(s).

Serumaga, Peera [UC, San Diego]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Investigating One- and Two-Body Interference Terms in Neutrino Argon Interactions with ACHILLES at LArTPCs

Due to the complex nature of heavy nuclei, uncertainties in the prediction of neutrino-nucleus cross-sections contribute significantly to the systematic limitations of neutrino oscillation experiments. Current neutrino detectors are dedicating significant effort to measuring these cross-sections in order to improve the sensitivities of next-generation experiments. To extract translatable scattering parameters that can be applied between detector media and beam energies, these measurements must be supported by robust theoretical modelling. ACHILLES is a recent theory-driven lepton-nucleus scattering generator that aims to be easily extensible, while also providing modern accurate theory predictions. This talk will discuss the application of ACHILLES to derive experimental observables for the investigation of interference between one- and two-body scattering processes in neutrino-nucleus interactions. We will show studies primarily using the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) flux in the context of the SBND experiment, which is collecting world-leading statistics for neutrino argon scattering, utilising its PRISM capabilities.

Paton, Josephine L. [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2017

Chlamydia interfere with an interaction between the mannose-6-phosphate receptor and sorting nexins to counteract host restriction

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that resides in a membrane-bound compartment, the inclusion. The bacteria secrete a unique class of proteins, Incs, which insert into the inclusion membrane and modulate the host-bacterium interface. We previously reported that IncE binds specifically to the Sorting Nexin 5 Phox domain (SNX5-PX) and disrupts retromer trafficking. Here, we present the crystal structure of the SNX5-PX:IncE complex, showing IncE bound to a unique and highly conserved hydrophobic groove on SNX5. Mutagenesis of the SNX5-PX:IncE binding surface disrupts a previously unsuspected interaction between SNX5 and the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). Addition of IncE peptide inhibits the interaction of CI-MPR with SNX5. Finally, C. trachomatis infection interferes with the SNX5:CI-MPR interaction, suggesting that IncE and CI-MPR are dependent on the same binding surface on SNX5. Our results provide new insights into retromer assembly and underscore the power of using pathogens to discover disease-related cell biology.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2011

Fabrication of submicron metallic grids with interference and phase-mask holography

Complex, submicron Cu metallic mesh nanostructures are made by electrochemical deposition using polymer templates made from photoresist. The polymer templates are fabricated with photoresist using two-beam interference holography and phase mask holography with three diffracted beams. Freestanding metallic mesh structures are made in two separate electrodepositions with perpendicular photoresist grating templates. Cu mesh square nanostructures having large (52.6%) open areas are also made by single electrodeposition with a photoresist template made with a phase mask. These structures have potential as electrodes in photonic devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2011

Characterization and Suppression of the Electromagnetic Interference Induced Phase Shift in the JLab FEL Photo - Injector Advanced Drive Laser System

The drive laser for the photo-cathode gun used in the JLab Free Electron Laser (FEL) facility had been experiencing various phase shifts on the order of tens of degrees (>20{sup o} at 1497 MHz or >40ps) when changing the Advanced Drive Laser (ADL) [2][3][4] micro-pulse frequencies. These phase shifts introduced multiple complications when trying to setup the accelerator for operation, ultimately inhibiting the robustness and overall performance of the FEL. Through rigorous phase measurements and systematic characterizations, we determined that the phase shifts could be attributed to electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling into the ADL phase control loop, and subsequently resolved the issue of phase shift to within tenths of a degree (<0.5{sup o} at 1497 MHz or <1ps). The diagnostic method developed and the knowledge gained through the entire process will prove to be invaluable for future designs of similar systems.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Anisotropic Energy Gaps of Iron-Based Superconductivity from Intraband Quasiparticle Interference in LiFeAs

If strong electron-electron interactions between neighboring Fe atoms mediate the Cooper pairing in iron-pnictide superconductors, then specific and distinct anisotropic superconducting energy gaps {Delta}{sub i}(k) should appear on the different electronic bands i. Here, we introduce intraband Bogoliubov quasiparticle scattering interference (QPI) techniques for determination of {Delta}{sub i}(k) in such materials, focusing on lithium iron arsenide (LiFeAs). We identify the three hole-like bands assigned previously as {gamma}, {alpha}{sub 2}, and {alpha}{sub 1}, and we determine the anisotropy, magnitude, and relative orientations of their {Delta}{sub i}(k). These measurements will advance quantitative theoretical analysis of the mechanism of Cooper pairing in iron-based superconductivity.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Wind Turbine Radar Interference Mitigation

Wind energy is one of the fastest growing sources of new electricity supply in the United States. As wind development continues to grow and expand to new areas of the country, so does the possibility that some turbines would be located within the line of site of radar systems. If not mitigated, such wind development could cause clutter and interference for radar systems involved in air traffic control, weather forecasting, homeland security, and national defense missions.

deployment↗
DOE OSTI2010

Channel hopping method of interference avoidance for a wireless communication network and wireless communication system employing the same

A wireless communication system includes a wireless master node having a plurality of channels, and a number of wireless slave nodes having a plurality of the channels. The master node and the slave nodes are structured to wirelessly communicate over a particular channel. The master node and the slave nodes are structured to decide to hop to a different channel. The master node and the slave nodes are structured to select: (a) the different channel, in order to be as far away as possible from a number of the channels, which are known to cause interference to wireless communications between the master node and the slave nodes, or (b) the different channel, in order to be as close as possible to one of the channels of a different master node, which is compatible with the former master node, but without the different channel being employed by the different master node.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2019

CORROSION PERFORMANCE OF MIL-PRF-23377 PRIMER COATED ON LASER-INTERFERENCE STRUCTURED ALUMINUM ALLOY 2024

Laser-Interference Structuring (LIS) is a technique that was proposed to treat aluminum surfaces for improving primer adhesion. LIS may not require a series of chemical treatments, such as those used in chemical conversion coating (CCC) and sulfuric acid anodizing (SAA), which make the pre-treatment of Al panels simpler and quicker for primer painting. Previous test results indicated that LIS surface preparation enhances coating adhesion on Al 2024. To assess the effect of LIS on corrosion resistance of coatings, Al 2024 panels prepared by LIS, CCC and SAA were coated with MIL-PRF-23377 primers and exposed to salt spray environment according to ASTM B117. The exposure is currently in progress and the corrosion attack on the coated panels will be evaluated by the degree of blister formation and rust creepage according to ASTM standards.

Jun, Jiheon↗
DOE OSTI2022

Numerical Simulation of Commercial-Scale CO2 Storage in a Saline Formation Evaluating Basin-Scale Pressure Interference and CO2 Plume Commingling

Presentation at NETL Carbon Management Project Review Meeting held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, August 15–19, 2022. The presentation provides quantitative evaluation of subsurface pressure interference and emphasizes the importance of interproject coordination among stakeholders associated with multi-project geologic CO2 storage in a shared sedimentary basin.

Wijaya, Nur↗
DOE OSTI2025

Investigating One Body and Two Body Interference In Neutrino Interactions with ACHILLES

Understanding neutrino-nucleus interactions is critical for conducting precise neutrino oscillation experiments, but uncertainties in neutrino-nucleus cross section measurements and our incomplete understanding of nuclear effects remain a significant challenge in neutrino physics. In this paper, we investigate contributions from the interference between one-body and two-body contributions to charged current quasi-elastic (CCQE) neutrino scattering using the ACHILLES event generator. Simulations are performed using muon neutrino flux from Fermilab’s Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB). We observe the neutrino flux interacting with Argon nuclei as detected by the Short Baseline Near Detector (SBND), a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC). Although SBND has Argon, it’s also important for us to see how effects scale the number of nucleons, so we observed neutrino interactions with Carbon nuclei as well. We focus on one muon and one proton final states with no further cascade interactions. And, we analyze multiple experimental observables including outgoing kinematic variables, energy-momentum transfer variables, and Transverse Kinematic Imbalance (TKI) variables. Cross section ratios between Argon and Carbon are also studied in order to identify potential variables where nuclear effects scale differently. The ultimate goal is to reduce systematic uncertainties from Monte Carlo simulations when conducting oscillation experiments (like the upcoming DUNE experiment).

Serumaga, Peera [UC, San Diego; Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Dissipation Enables Strongly Detuning-Dependent Interference in Pulsed Dynamical Decoupling

One of the defining features of pulsed dynamical decoupling is its suppression of a driven qubit's sensitivity to static detuning errors between the drive field and qubit resonance. In this paper, we show that dissipation, in the form of excited-state decay, can change this behavior entirely, producing an interference signal with a strong detuning dependence. This signal arises from decay during driven evolution and relies on coherence retained by the qubit after such a decay event. We develop analytical and numerical models that capture the underlying mechanism and observe this same dissipation-induced detuning dependence experimentally in both a free-space strontium atom interferometer and a superconducting transmon qubit system. We also use this dissipation-induced detuning dependence as the basis for a new spectroscopic technique called Dissipative Carr-Purcell Spectroscopy (DCPS) and compare it with a traditional Ramsey sequence. Our results establish a regime of pulsed dynamical decoupling in which dissipation reshapes, rather than merely degrades, coherent control, and we expect these dynamics to be relevant to a wide range of quantum systems.

DeRose, Kenneth [Northwestern U.; Fermilab] (ORCID↗
DOE OSTI2018

Rapid Assessment of Contaminants and Interferences in Mass Spectrometry Data Using Skyline

Proper sample preparation in proteomic workflows is essential to the success of modern mass spectrometry experiments. Complex workflows often require reagents which are incompatible with MS analysis (e.g., detergents) necessitating a variety of sample cleanup procedures. Efforts to understand and mitigate sample contamination are a continual source of disruption with respect to both time and resources. To improve the ability to rapidly assess sample contamination from a diverse array of sources, I developed a molecular library in Skyline for rapid extraction of contaminant precursor signals using MS1 filtering. This contaminant template library is easily managed and can be modified for a diverse array of mass spectrometry sample preparation workflows. Utilization of this template allows rapid assessment of sample integrity and indicates potential sources of contamination. .

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2017

Resonance fluorescence and quantum interference of a single NV center

The detection of a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond has attracted much interest, since it is expected to lead to innovative applications in various domains of quantum information, including quantum metrology, information processing and communications, as well as in various nanotechnologies, such as biological and subdiffraction limit imaging, and tests of entanglement in quantum mechanics. We propose a novel scheme of a single NV center coupled with a multi-mode superconducting microwave cavity driven by coherent fields in squeezed vacuum. We numerically investigate the spectra in-phase quadrature and out-of-phase quadrature for different driving regimes with or without detunings. It shows that the maximum squeezing can be obtained for optimal Rabi fields. Moreover, with the same parameters, the maximum squeezing is greatly increased when the detunings are nonzero compared to the resonance case. - Highlights: • The detection of a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond is expected to lead to innovative applications in various domains. • A single NV center coupled with a multi-mode superconducting microwave cavity in squeezed vacuum is proposed. • Numerically investigation of the spectra in-phase quadrature and out-of-phase quadrature are considered. • The maximum squeezing can be obtained for optimal Rabi fields.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Resolution of rare earth element interferences in fossil energy by-product samples using sector-field ICP-MS

Here, the supply and price of rare earth elements (REEs) have become a concern to many countries in the world, which has led to renewed interest in exploration and recovery of REEs from secondary or waste sources. Potential high REE waste sources that are of particular interest are coal mining, preparation, combustion, and other fossil energy by-products, including those from natural gas production. In this work, we have examined a set of five solid samples from the treatment of produced and flowback water containing elevated concentrations of barium. In order to confirm the correct concentrations of Eu, we studied these materials using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SF-ICP-MS), which is capable of resolving species of nearly identical masses, including Eu and BaO. While the use of quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS) for the REE analysis of most geological sample matrices should pose no problem, the presence of large amounts of Ba, as encountered in water treatment solids from natural gas produced and flowback samples may require SF-ICP-MS for accurate determination of all REEs.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗