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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 559 records · Page 31

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

NASA NTRS1995

TIA Software User's Manual

This user's manual describes the installation and operation of TIA, the Thermal-Imaging acquisition and processing Application, developed by the Nondestructive Evaluation Sciences Branch at NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia. TIA is a user friendly graphical interface application for the Macintosh 2 and higher series computers. The software has been developed to interface with the Perceptics/Westinghouse Pixelpipe(TM) and PixelStore(TM) NuBus cards and the GW Instruments MacADIOS(TM) input-output (I/O) card for the Macintosh for imaging thermal data. The software is also capable of performing generic image-processing functions.

Cramer, K. Elliott↗

NASA NTRS1988

Model based trajectory planning using preview

The control of manipulators is seen here as a two-level process. A method is described to convert information available at the programming level into trajectories suitable to be tracked by a servo control system. The goal of the servo is to absorb the unmodeled dynamics. Tracking accuracy will depend mainly on the acceleration demand of the nominal trajectory setpoint, in particular, the actuator output demand must remain bounded. Our scheme adaptively takes into consideration at the trajectory computation level the dynamics of the underlying system, dynamically available information acquired through sensors, various types of constraints, such as path accuracy, and manipulator optimization. This scheme is meant to be implemented on-line, to drive mechanical systems such as manipulators. It is developed in the context of a multi-manipulator programming and control environment for space applications developed as part of a collaborative effort between McGill University and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Hayward, Vincent↗

DOE OSTI2025

MOOSE-based Tritium Migration Analysis Program, Version 8 (TMAP8) for advanced open-source tritium transport and fuel cycle modeling

Tritium management is critical for the safety, sustainability, and economics of fusion energy systems, and advanced and reliable modeling tools help accelerate the development of tritium technologies. This paper presents the Tritium Migration Analysis Program, Version 8 (TMAP8), an open-source, MOOSE-based application developed to provide state-of-the-art tritium transport and fuel cycle modeling capabilities. TMAP8 aims to expand the capabilities of previous versions (i.e., TMAP4 and TMAP7) by leveraging modern computational techniques, ensuring high software quality assurance standards (key to building trust), and enabling multispecies, multiscale, and multiphysics simulations for integrated tritium transport modeling in complex geometries. This paper outlines TMAP8’s scope and rigorous development practices, emphasizing its transparency, accessibility, modularity, and reliability. We present the current suite of verification and validation cases based on those from TMAP4, demonstrating TMAP8’s accuracy and reliability against analytical solutions and experimental data. Additionally, the paper showcases TMAP8’s integrated fuel cycle modeling capabilities, highlighting its applicability at various scales and levels. The TMAP8 code and documentation are openly available, promoting collaborative development and widespread adoption within the fusion community. Future work will soon expand TMAP8’s verification and validation suite to include those from TMAP7 and other recent experimental studies for validation.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

NASA NTRS1992

Domain specific software architectures: Command and control

GTE is the Command and Control contractor for the Domain Specific Software Architectures program. The objective of this program is to develop and demonstrate an architecture-driven, component-based capability for the automated generation of command and control (C2) applications. Such a capability will significantly reduce the cost of C2 applications development and will lead to improved system quality and reliability through the use of proven architectures and components. A major focus of GTE's approach is the automated generation of application components in particular subdomains. Our initial work in this area has concentrated in the message handling subdomain; we have defined and prototyped an approach that can automate one of the most software-intensive parts of C2 systems development. This paper provides an overview of the GTE team's DSSA approach and then presents our work on automated support for message processing.

Braun, Christine↗

NASA NTRS1991

Status Of Imaging Radar Polarimetry

Report pulls together information on imaging radar polarimetry from a variety of sources. Topics include theory, equipment, and experimental data. Reviews state of the art, examines current applicable developments in radar equipment, describes recording and processing of radar polarimetric measurements, and discusses interpretation and application of resulting polarimetric images.

Van Zyl, Jakob J.↗

NASA NTRS1997

NURBS-Based Geometry for Integrated Structural Analysis

This grant was initiated in April 1993 and completed in September 1996. The primary goal of the project was to exploit the emerging defacto CAD standard of Non- Uniform Rational B-spline (NURBS) based curve and surface geometry to integrate and streamline the process of turbomachinery structural analysis. We focused our efforts on critical geometric modeling challenges typically posed by the requirements of structural analysts. We developed a suite of software tools that facilitate pre- and post-processing of NURBS-based turbomachinery blade models for finite element structural analyses. We also developed tools to facilitate the modeling of blades in their manufactured (or cold) state based on nominal operating shape and conditions. All of the software developed in the course of this research is written in the C++ language using the Iris Inventor 3D graphical interface tool-kit from Silicon Graphics. In addition to enhanced modularity, improved maintainability, and efficient prototype development, this design facilitates the re-use of code developed for other NASA projects and provides a uniform and professional 'look and feel' for all applications developed by the Iowa State Team.

Oliver, James H.↗

DOE OSTI2023

Advances in Integral and Separate Effects Experiments for Water Cooled Small Modular Reactors

This paper focuses on the progress being made in water-cooled small modular reactor (SMR) advanced integral effects and separate effects experiments for reactor licensing. SMRs, considered modular in design, are mostly factory-built and then shipped to the reactor site. Of the several types of SMR designs available, water-cooled SMRs are likely to receive regulatory approval faster than others, as most of the technologies involved (e.g., the fuel and coolant technologies) are matured. However, the unique safety systems of SMRs, which depend on specific SMR design features, require integral and separate effects experiments to achieve reactor licensing. Thus, of the many SMR designs being proposed, only a few have successfully undergone licensing and reached the final development and demonstration stage. Many nuclear vendors and newcomer companies are investing millions of dollars to develop integral and separate effects testing facilities for preparing final safety analysis reports to include in licensing applications. Development and analysis of these experimental facilities is costly and takes about four to five years. The unique challenges involved can be reduced when stakeholders synergistically apply lessons learned, knowing the critical role played by advancements in experiments that support the licensing of SMR safety systems. Identification of knowledge/research gaps with the phenomena identification and ranking table (PIRT) and designing experimental facilities focusing on the phenomena of interest (POI) and figures of merit (FOMs) are pivotal to select the critical path to successful design demonstration and licensing application.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗

DOE OSTI2020

A web-based decision support system for collaborative mitigation of multiple water-related hazards using serious gaming

The paper presents a web-based application developed as a medium for executing a serious game to enhance multi-jurisdictional collaborative planning and decision making for mitigation of multiple hazards related to water (i.e., floods, soil erosions, water quality). The gaming application is integrated into the Iowa Watershed Decision Support System (IoWaDSS) designed to serve as a comprehensive multi-sectoral data repository along with the simulation results of process modeling to educate and inform communities on the status of their watersheds during extreme conditions. The interactive serious gaming application was devised to encourage public engagement, facilitate communication and positive relationship between watershed communities, and make the decision process more attractive and transparent for the stakeholders. The web environment offers easily-accessible, user-friendly interfaces that match the skills and knowledge level of a non-technical user. Developed with adaptive design and flexible architecture, the gaming application is generalizable and extendable to support hazard mitigation in other watersheds.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2022

Radiation Detection System Integration Using Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Radios

This study describes the application development of multiple-input multiple-output radios to provide persistent mobile ad hoc network (MANET) for the Department of Homeland Security. By using Man Portable Unit (MPU5) fifth generation radios (manufactured by Persistent Systems) with the Android Team Awareness Kit (ATAK), an Android smartphone geospatial infrastructure and military situational awareness application, the Remote Sensing Laboratory has developed a MANET connectivity to monitor deployed nuclear/radiological search operation assets.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2025

Modern control system applications at Fermilab with Dart and Flutter

The control system at Fermilab is undergoing an unprecedented modernization effort. Hundreds of legacy applications originally developed with technology from the early nineties will be replaced with a suite of modern web applications. The selection of an user interface framework is a key technology decision that will impact on all the applications developed over the next decade. The Controls department at Fermilab has decided to use Google’s Dart language and Flutter framework for future application development. In this paper we will discuss the decision process that selected Dart/Flutter and the development of early general purpose control system applications with the framework.

Diamond, John [Fermilab]↗

NASA NTRS1986

Technical aspects of the United States Space Station

The design and development of the Space Station are described. The proposed design of the Station is a dual keel configuration which will include manned facilities and unmanned free flying platforms. The Station is to be utilized as a space-based laboratory for basic research and observations, a depot for repair and servicing of spacecraft, a strorage area, and a manufacturing facility. International participation in the Space Station program and technological developments applicable for the Station are discussed. A diagram of the Space Station configuration and a Space Station development schedule are provided.

Herman, D. H.↗

NASA NTRS2019

Evaluation Studies of a 800W Solid Oxide-Based Fuel Cells Stack for Electrical Power in Aviation

As both NASA and the aeronautics industry recognize the need for higher fuel efficiency and lower carbon emissions in both commercial airline and private aviation applications, development of all-electric or hybrid electric aircraft have garnered renewed interest in the aviation community. For the particular example of the hybrid-electric option, the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an attractive option for the power source, due to its potential to utilize aviation fuels thereby having minimal impact to aviation infrastructure. SOFC stack performance depends upon many factors, one of the most important is the way the oxidant and fuel gases are delivered to the fuel cells. System modeling of various aircraft configurations for FUELEAP (Fostering Ultra-Efficient, Low-Emitting Aviation Power) point to the need to operate SOFC stacks at high current densities. This creates challenges in the thermal profile of the stacks with potential to create large thermal gradients and hot spots. This study investigates two types of commercial solid oxide fuel cell stacks, the cross flow and co-flow gas designs, both convectively cooled with cathode air. High fuel utilization factors were also employed under varying electrical loads expected from the demands of flight. In addition, performance, range of operation and endurance were investigated under conditions of high current loads and thermal cycling. Evaluations include the study of gas kinetic using electrochemical spectroscopy. Testing took place at the facilities of NASA Glenn using a commercial test system (FuelCon AG, Magdeburg Germany). These studies are crucial to the Glenn Research Center's ability to conduct research, evaluation and development of the next-generation SOFC based stacks for cutting-edge energy technologies for aerospace applications. This study supports NASA's Convergent Aeronautics Solutions' (CAS) FUELEAP project.

Goldsby, Jon C.↗

DOE OSTI2025

Distinctive features of fluorescence and waveguides in magnesium aluminate spinel crystals driven by structural discrepancy

Transparent polycrystalline ceramics are of significant importance for a wide range of scientific and industrial applications. Developing a deeper understanding of their thermodynamic behavior is essential for achieving their maximum output performance in technological applications. This study provides a systematic investigation into the thermal excitation-induced fluorescence kinetics and waveguide characteristics of Magnesium Aluminate Spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) single crystals, with a focus on the intricate relationship between structure and properties. High-temperature extreme environments through irradiation with swift heavy ions 645.0 MeV Xe and 352.8 MeV Fe ions were created; the atomic deposition energy threshold (E th ) associated with disorder morphologies was assessed between 0.91 and 0.99 eV atom –1 . The track prediction model was developed to support the theoretical prediction of track formation. Electronic energy loss (E ele ) disrupts the balance of the initial structure through the thermal spike effect, leading to the formation of absorption-related F and F + color centers. These defects enhance photoluminescence in the visible spectrum and result in an effective modulation of the intrinsic bandgap. Moreover, as ion beams penetrate into the material, the uneven damage distribution induces the formation of waveguide structures. In conclusion, these findings provide valuable insights into the fabrication of functional devices through irradiation technologies and the structural changes of MgAl 2 O 4 at high temperatures within extreme environments.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

NASA NTRS1999

Multidisciplinary Optimization Branch Experience Using iSIGHT Software

The Multidisciplinary Optimization (MDO) Branch at NASA Langley Research Center is investigating frameworks for supporting multidisciplinary analysis and optimization research. An optimization framework call improve the design process while reducing time and costs. A framework provides software and system services to integrate computational tasks and allows the researcher to concentrate more on the application and less on the programming details. A framework also provides a common working environment and a full range of optimization tools, and so increases the productivity of multidisciplinary research teams. Finally, a framework enables staff members to develop applications for use by disciplinary experts in other organizations. Since the release of version 4.0, the MDO Branch has gained experience with the iSIGHT framework developed by Engineous Software, Inc. This paper describes experiences with four aerospace applications: (1) reusable launch vehicle sizing, (2) aerospike nozzle design, (3) low-noise rotorcraft trajectories, and (4) acoustic liner design. All applications have been successfully tested using the iSIGHT framework, except for the aerospike nozzle problem, which is in progress. Brief overviews of each problem are provided. The problem descriptions include the number and type of disciplinary codes, as well as all estimate of the multidisciplinary analysis execution time. In addition, the optimization methods, objective functions, design variables, and design constraints are described for each problem. Discussions on the experience gained and lessons learned are provided for each problem. These discussions include the advantages and disadvantages of using the iSIGHT framework for each case as well as the ease of use of various advanced features. Potential areas of improvement are identified.

Padula, S. L.↗

DOE OSTI2024

Refining HPCToolkit for application performance analysis at exascale

As part of the US Department of Energy’s Exascale Computing Project (ECP), Rice University has been refining its HPCToolkit performance tools to better support measurement and analysis of applications executing on exascale supercomputers. To efficiently collect performance measurements of GPU-accelerated applications, HPCToolkit employs novel non-blocking data structures to communicate performance measurements between tool threads and application threads. To attribute performance information in detail to source lines, loop nests, and inlined call chains, HPCToolkit performs parallel analysis of large CPU and GPU binaries involved in the execution of an exascale application to rapidly recover mappings between machine instructions and source code. To analyze terabytes of performance measurements gathered during executions at exascale, HPCToolkit employs distributed-memory parallelism, multithreading, sparse data structures, and out-of-core streaming analysis algorithms. To support interactive exploration of profiles up to terabytes in size, HPCToolkit’s hpcviewer graphical user interface uses out-of-core methods to visualize performance data. The result of these efforts is that HPCToolkit now supports collection, analysis, and presentation of profiles and traces of GPU-accelerated applications at exascale. These improvements have enabled HPCToolkit to efficiently measure, analyze and explore terabytes of performance data for executions using as many as 64K MPI ranks and 64K GPU tiles on ORNL’s Frontier supercomputer. HPCToolkit’s support for measurement and analysis of GPU-accelerated applications has been employed to study a collection of open-science applications developed as part of ECP. This paper reports on these experiences, which provided insight into opportunities for tuning applications, strengths and weaknesses of HPCToolkit itself, as well as unexpected behaviors in executions at exascale.

Adhianto, Laksono↗

DOE OSTI2021

Accomplishments of Sandia and Kitware CMake/CTest/CDash Contract for (FY2017-2020)

We describe the accomplishments jointly achieved by Kitware and Sandia over the fiscal years 2016 through 2020 to benefit the Advanced Scientific Computed (ASC) Advanced Technology Development and Mitigation (ATDM) project. As a result of our collaboration, we have improved the Trilinos and ATDM application developer experience by decreasing the time to build, making it easier to identify and resolve build and test defects, and addressing other issues . We have also reduced the turnaround time for continuous integration (CI) results. For example, the combined improvements likely cut the wall clock time to run automated builds of Trilinos posting to CDash by approximately 6x or more in many cases. We primarily achieved these benefits by contributing changes to the Kitware CMake/CTest/CDash suite of open source software development support tools. As a result, ASC developers can now spend more time improving code and less time chasing bugs. And, without this work, one can argue that the stabilization of Trilinos for the ATDM platforms would not have been feasible which would have had a large negative impact on an important internal FY20 L1 milestone.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

NASA NTRS2008

Next Generation LOCAD-PTS Cartridge Development

Future astrobiology exploration missions will require rapid, point-of-use techniques for surface science experiments and contamination monitoring. The Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team is developing operational instruments that advance spaceflight technologies to molecular-based methods. Currently, LOCAD-Portable Test System (PTS) is quantifying levels of the bacterial molecule endotoxin onboard the Internatioal Space Station. Future research and development will focus on more sensitive molecular techniques that expand the number of compounds detected to include beta-glucan from fungal cell walls.

Morris, H.↗

DOE OSTI2021

An Application for Validation of Power Distribution System Models in an ADMS Environment

An accurate model of a power distribution system is the foundation for model-based applications that ensure efficient and reliable grid operation in an advanced distribution management system (ADMS) environment. However, these models are error-prone and comprehensive model validation is challenging due to lack of standards-based systems, data originating from disparate databases and other sources, and the constantly evolving nature of modern power distribution systems. In this paper, a novel framework for comprehensive model validation is described. The proposed application, the Model Validator, ensures that a model is both consistent and feasible by validating the derivative static and operational network model. A modular architecture for the application has been implemented and integrated with an open-source standards-based platform for ADMS application development, GridAPPS-D, allowing new validation capability to be added with minimal time and effort. The Model Validator application is demonstrated on the IEEE 13-bus, 123-bus, and 8500-node test cases over three validation scenarios.

Poudel, Shiva↗