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At least 541 records · Page 30

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NASA NTRS1981

A novel addition polyimide adhesive

An addition polyimide adhesive, LARC 13, was developed which shows promise for bonding both titanium and composites for applications which require service temperatures in excess of 533 K. The LARC 13 is based on an oligomeric bis nadimide containing a meta linked aromatic diamine. The adhesive melts prior to polymerization due to its oligomeric nature, thereby allowing it to be processed at 344 kPa or less. Therefore, LARC 13 is ideal for the bonding of honeycomb sandwich structures. After melting, the resin thermosets during the cure of the nadic endcaps to a highly crosslinked system. Few volatiles are evolved, thus allowing large enclosed structures to be bonded. Preparation of the adhesive as well as bonding, aging, and testing of lap shear and honeycomb samples are discussed.

St.clair, T. L.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Properties of PMR polyimide composites made with improved high strength graphite fibers

Recent graphite fiber developments have resulted in high strength, intermediate modulus graphite fibers having improved thermo-oxidative resistance. These improved fibers, obtained from various commercial suppliers, were used to fabricate PMR-15 and PMR-11 polyimide composites. Studies were performed to investigate the effects of the improved high strength graphite fibers on composite properties after exposure in air at 600 F. The use of the more oxidatively resistant fibers did not result in improved performance at 600 F. Two of the improved fibers were found to have an adverse effect on the long-term performance of PMR composites. The influence of various factors such as fiber physical properties, surface morphology and chemical composition are also discussed.

Vannucci, R. D.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Chemical analysis of LARC-160 polyimide

As part of a detailed NASA-sponsored study of chemical composition/property sensitivity of the LARC-160 polymerization of monomeric reactants (PMR) polyimide system, a number of liquid chromatographic techniques have been employed. The ester monomers in this system are characterized by a reverse-phase ion-suppression method. Mono, di, and triesters of the 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid ingredient are identified and their isomeric forms resolved. The 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid ester (nadic ester) endcapper is detected by low wavelength ultraviolet sensing. A second method, reverse-phase ion-pair chromatography, is employed for determining unreacted amines. The extent of resin B-staging is monitored through analysis of the ester/amine oligomers.

Dynes, P. J.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Novel improved PMR polyimides

A series of N-phenylnadimide (PN) modified PMR polyimide composites reinforced with graphite fibers was investigated. The improved flow matrix resins consist of N-phenylnadimide (PN), monomenthyl ester of 5-norbornene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid (NE), dimethyl ester of 3,3, 4,4-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acide (BTDE), and 4,4 methylenedianiline (MDA). Five modified PMR resin systems were formulated by the addition of 4 to 20 mole percent N-phenylnadimide to the standard PMR-15 composition. These formulations and the control PMR resin were evaluated for rheological characteristics. The initial thermal and mechanical properties of the PN modified PMR and the control PMR/Celion 6000 composites were determined. The results show that the addition of N-phenylnadimide to PMR-15 significantly improved the resin flow characteristics without sacrificing the composites properties. Concentrations of 4 and 9 mole percent PN appear to improve the thermoxidative stability of PMR composites.

Pater, R. H.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Aluminum ion-containing polyimide adhesives

A meta-oriented aromatic diamine is reacted with an aromatic dianhydride and an aluminum compound in the presence of a water or lower alkanol miscible ether solvent to produce an intermediate polyamic acid. The polyamic acid is then converted to the thermally stable, metal ion-filled polyimide by heating in the temperature range of 300 C to produce a flexible, high temperature adhesive.

St.clair, A. K.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Development and demonstration of manufacturing processes for fabricating graphite/LARC 160 polyimide structural elements

The development and demonstration of manufacturing technologies for the structural application of Celion graphite/LARC-160 polyimide composite material is discussed. Process development and fabrication of demonstration components are discussed. Process development included establishing quality assurance of the basic composite material and processing, nondestructive inspection of fabricated components, developing processes for specific structural forms, and qualification of processes through mechanical testing. Demonstration components were fabricated. The demonstration components consisted of flat laminates, skin/stringer panels, honeycomb panels, chopped fiber compression moldings, and a technology demonstrator segment (TDS) representative of the space shuttle aft body flap.

Frost, R. K.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Synthesis and characterization of a melt processable polyimide

A melt processable polyimide which contains sulfur and oxygen bridges between the aromatic rings (BDSDA/APB) was synthesized and characterized. Its physical, mechanical, thermal and flow properties were determined as was its resistance to some of the more commonly used solvents. The melt flow properties were measured for the temperature range 250 C - 350 C and under the conditions (stress/strain) encountered in commercial processes.

Burks, H. D.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Positron lifetime studies in thermoplastic polyimide test specimens

Positron lifetime measurements were made in two thermoplastic polyimide materials recently developed at Langley. The long component lifetime values in polyimidesulfone samples are 847 + or - 81 Ps (dry) and 764 + or - 91 Ps (saturated). The corresponding values in LARC thermoplastic imides are 1080 + or - 139 Ps (dry) and 711 + or - 96 Ps (saturated). Clearly, the presence of moisture has greater effect on positron lifetime in LARC thermoplastic imides than in the case of polyimidesulfones. This result is consistent with the photomicrographic observations made on frozen water saturated specimens of these materials.

Singh, J. J.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Infrared spectroscopic analysis of the effects of simulated space radiation on a polyimide

Infrared spectroscopic techniques have been used to study the effects of electron radiation on the polyimide PMDA-p,p-prime- ODA. The radiation exposures were made at various dose rates, for a total dose approximately equal to that for 30 years of exposure to electron radiation in geosynchronous earth orbit. At high dose rates the major effect was probably the formation of a polyisoimide or a charged quaternary amine, and at the low dose rates the effect was a reduction in the amount or aromatic ether linkage. In addition, the effects of dose rate for a small total dose were studied. Elevated temperatures occurred at high dose rates and were, in part, probably the cause of the radiation product. The data suggest that dose rates for accelerated simulations of the space environment should not exceed 100,000 rads/sec.

Ferl, J. E.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Effect of load, area of contact, and contact stress on the tribological properties of polyimide bonded graphite fluoride films

A pin-on-disk type of friction and wear apparatus was used to study the effect of load, contact stress and rider area of contact on the friction and wear properties of polyimide-bonded graphite fluoride films. Different rider area contacts were obtained by initially generating flats (with areas of 0.0035, 0.0071, 0.0145, and 0.0240 cm) on 0.476-cm radius hemispherically-tipped riders. Different projected contact stresses were obtained by applying loads of 2.5-to 58.8-N to the flats. Two film wear mechanisms were observed. The first was found to be a linear function of contact stress and was independent of rider area of contact. The second was found to increase exponentially as the stress increased. The second also appeared to be a function of rider contact area. Wear equations for each mechanism were empirically derived from the experimental data. In general, friction coefficients increased with increasing rider contact area and with sliding duration. This was related to the build-up of thick rider transfer films.

Fusaro, R. L.↗

NASA NTRS1982

PMR-15 polyimide modifications for improved prepreg tack

The use of mixed solvents and of modified monomeric ester reactants was investigated as a means of improving the tack and drape retention characteristics of PMR-15 polyimide prepreg. Methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 1-butanol were used to prepare the esters, prepreg solutions, and T-300 graphite fabric and Celion 6000 unidirectional fiber prepregs. The tack retention characteristics of the T-300 fabric prepreg after exposure to simulated use conditions were determined using a simple lap shear test. Drape was qualitatively assessed by visually monitoring the deformability of the prepreg. Thermo-oxidative stability and mechanical properties retention of the Celion 6000 grahite fiber composites were determined as a function of exposure time in air at 600 F.

Vannucci, R. D.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Development and demonstration of manufacturing processes for fabricating graphite/Larc-160 polyimide structural elements, part 4, paragraph C

Progress in the development of processes for production of Celion/LARC-160 graphite-polyimide materials, quality control methods, and the fabrication of Space Shuttle composite structure components is reported. The formulation and processing limits for three batches of resin are presented. Process improvements for simplification of the imidizing and autoclave cure cycles are described. Imidized and autoclave cured test panels were prepared. Celion/LARC-160 cure process verification and the fabrication of honeycomb sandwich panel elements and skin/stringer panels are described. C-scans of laminates imidized at 163 C to 218 C for periods from 30 to 180 minutes, and of process verification laminates made from different batches of prepreg are presented. Failure modes and load/strain characteristics of sandwich elements and C-scans of stringer to skin bond joints are also given.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1981

Development and demonstration of manufacturing processes for fabricating graphite/Larc-160 polyimide structural elements, part 4, paragraph B

Progress in the development of processes for production of Celion/LARC-160 graphite-polyimide materials, quality control, and the fabrication of Space Shuttle composite structure components is reported. Liquid chromatographic analyses of three repeatibility batches were performed and are compared to previous Hexcel standard production and to variables study LARC-160 intermediate resins. Development of processes for chopped fiber molding are described and flexural strength, elastic modulus, and other physical and mechanical properties of the molding are presented.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1982

The 371 deg C(700 deg F) properties of celion 6000/n-phenylnadimide modified PMR polyimide composites

The 371 C (700 F) properties of Celion 6000/N-phenylnadimide modified PMR-15 polyimide composites were investigated to determine the feasibility of using these materials at a 371 C (700 F) service temperature. The processing characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of the composite systems are presented. The results of the 371 C (700 F) thermo-oxidation stability study suggest that the composite materials can be considered for short term (at least 100 hours) application at 371 C (700 F).

Pater, R. H.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Mechanical and spectroscopic properties of metal-containing polyimides

The incorporation of specific metal ions into polyimides is described. Detailed studies have included various compounds of copper, lithium, and palladium as dopants. Addition of the metal during polymerization or after formation of the polyamic acid precedes the thermal imidization step. With many dianhydride-diamine-dopant combinations high quality variously colored films are produced. Many metal doped films exhibit (1) improved high temperature adhesive properties, (2) increased electrical conductivity, (3) excellent thermal stability, (4) improved acid/base resistance, (5) increased modulus in flexible films and (6) excellent high temperature tensile strength. X-ray photo-electron spectroscopic study of these films suggests that many of the additives undergo chemical modification during thermal imidization. Palladium dopants appear to be partially reduced to the metallic state, while lithium and copper dopants are probably converted to their oxides. Ion etching experiments with Auger electron spectroscopy monitoring are discussed.

Taylor, L. T.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Buckling and failure characteristics of graphite-polyimide shear panels

The buckling and failure characteristics of unstiffened, blade stiffened, and hat stiffened graphite-polyimide shear panels are described. The picture frame shear test is used to obtain shear stress-strain data at room temperature and at 316 deg C. The experimental results are compared with a linear buckling analysis, and the specimen failure modes are described. The effect of the 316 deg C test temperature on panel behavior are discussed.

Shuart, M. J.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Elastomer toughened polyimide adhesives

A rubber-toughened addition-type polyimide composition is disclosed which has excellent high temperature bonding characteristics in the fully cured state, and improved peel strength and adhesive fracture resistance physical property characteristics. The process for making the improved adhesive involves preparing the rubber containing amic acid prepolymer by chemically reacting an amine-terminated elastomer and an aromatic diamine with an aromatic dianhydride with which a reactive chain stopper anhydride was mixed, and utilizing solvent or mixture of solvents for the reaction.

St.clair, A. K.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Low temperature cross linking polyimides

A polyimide is formed by cross linking a prepolymer formed by reacting a polyfunctional ester, a polyfunctional amine, and an end-capping unit. By providing an end-capping unit, the prepolymer is curable at a relatively low temperature of about 175 to 245 C.

Serafini, T. T.↗