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At least 541 records · Page 30

Maintaining the structural and functional homeostasis of the plant endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a ubiquitous organelle that is vital to the life of eukaryotic cells. It synthesizes essential lipids and proteins, and initiates the glycosylation of intracellular and surface proteins. As such, the ER is necessary for cell growth and communication with the external environment. The ER is also a highly dynamic organelle, whose structure is continuously remodeled through an interaction with the cytoskeleton and the action of specialized ER shapers. Recent and significant advances in ER studies have brought to light conserved and unique features underlying the structure and function of this organelle in plant cells. Exciting developments in the understanding of the mechanisms for plant ER structural and functional homeostasis, particularly those that underpin ER network architecture and ER degradation, are presented and discussed in this work.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

Towards replacement of animal tests with in vitro assays: a gene expression biomarker predicts in vitro and in vivo estrogen receptor activity

High-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) has the potential to support efforts to reduce or replace some animal tests. In past studies, we described a computational approach utilizing a gene expression biomarker consisting of 46 genes to predict estrogen receptor (ER) activity after chemical exposure in ER-positive human breast cancer cells including the MCF-7 cell line. We hypothesized that the biomarker model could identify ER activities of chemicals examined by Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) Tier 1 screening assays in which transcript profiles of the same chemicals were examined in MCF-7 cells. For the 62 chemicals examined including 5 chemicals examined in this study using RNA-Seq, the ER biomarker model accuracy was 1) 97% for in vitro reference chemicals, 2) 76–85% for guideline uterotrophic assays, and 3) 87–88% for guideline and nonguideline uterotrophic assays. For the same chemicals, these accuracies were similar or slightly better than those of the ToxCast ER model based on 18 in vitro assays. The performance of the ER biomarker model indicates that HTTr interpreted using the ER biomarker correctly identifies active and inactive ER reference chemicals. Finally, as part of the HTTr screening program the approach could rapidly identify chemicals with potential ER bioactivities for additional screening and testing.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

Tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibits chemoresistance of FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells in 3D collagen I cultures and in vivo

Highlights: • 3D collagen I culture induces chemoresistance of FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. • Tunicamycin-induced ER stress inhibits chemoresistance in collagen I cultures. • Tunicamycin-induced ER stress potentiates anticancer efficacy in vivo. • Tunicamycin-induced ER stress inhibits TGF-β1 and modifies integrin β1 glycosylation. The prognosis in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is widely affected by the resistance to chemotherapy. As a culture scaffold, collagen I was showed to promote CSC (cancer stem cell) properties of cancer cells which could be used as in vitro models to study the chemoresistance in HNSCC. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a cellular stress condition which could affect tumor progression and promote the anti-tumor effects of certain drugs. However, the impact of ER stress on collagen I induced CSC properties and chemoresistance of HNSCC cells has not been addressed. In this study we investigated the effects of tunicamycin (TM) induced ER stress on the stemness and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs of FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells in 3D (three-dimensional) collagen I cultures and mouse xenograft models. Our study revealed that Collagen I scaffold promoted CSC properties and increased G1 population of FaDu cells in 3D cultures, accompanied by maturation of integrin β1 and enhanced activated TGF-β1 concentration. Compared to 2D (two-dimensional) cultured cells, cells in 3D Collagen I scaffold exhibited significantly increased resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs of cisplatin and paclitaxel. Further analysis revealed that TM induced ER stress preferentially attenuated chemoresistance of FaDu cells in 3D collagen I, downregulated their CSC properties and TGF-β1 concentration and resulted in deglycosylation of integrin β1. TM was further evaluated in the mouse xenograft models and showed significant tumor growth inhibition in combination with paclitaxel than either TM or paclitaxel alone. Taken together, Our findings suggest that TM-induced ER stress potentiates anticancer efficacy of FaDu cells in 3D cultures and in vivo, and highlight implications for targeting chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells under ER stress conditions.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

Groundwater table elevation and temperature from 2015 to 2024 at the Lower Montane site in the East River Watershed, Colorado.

This groundwater level elevation and temperature data package is aimed at improving the predictive understanding of hydro-biogeochemical processes at the lower montane site in the East River Watershed, Colorado. The dataset is obtained using pressure transducers placed in shallow wells in the floodplain. This dataset contains data from wells with Location ID's ER-DOW (alias DO1West), ER-DOE (alias DO2East), ER-MBA1 (alias M1Bend1), ER-MBA2 (alias M1Bend2), ER-UPW (alias UP1West), ER-UPM (alias UP2), ER-UPE (alias UP3East). Another dataset contains the data from wells with Location ID's ER-CPA1 to ER-CPA6. Each file contains the water level elevation and the water temperature. Water level elevation has been obtained using the barometric pressure from the pressure transducer (Hobos sensor) in the well, barometric pressure from a sensor in air located at the same site (lower montane), depth from top-of-casing (TOC) to sensor measurement point, and TOC elevation. Data have been checked with a few measurements of water table depths. A real-time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS) has been used to survey the TOC (data in file Well_Location.csv). The water level elevation is given in UTM13N Geoid2012AB. While depth to water level is not present in the data files, it can be easily calculated with the TOC and distance to ground provided in the GPS coordinate file. The dataset quality is discussed in Collection/Analysis section of the methods. Time-series of measurements were initially added to the archive for the period 2015 to 2019, and later updated with time-series until 2024 (end of data collection). The dataset contains 8 *.csv data files, and 3 *.csv metadata files. Feel free to contact the author with any questions or collaboration interests. The publication year was updated from "2020" to "2025" to reflect the revised version of this dataset.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Materials Data on Er5Ga3 by Materials Project

Er5Ga3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Ga atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ga bond distances ranging from 2.99–3.50 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ga atoms. All Er–Ga bond lengths are 3.06 Å. Ga is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er3Rh by Materials Project

Er3Rh is Cementite structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Rh atoms. There are a spread of Er–Rh bond distances ranging from 2.83–3.28 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Rh atoms. There are one shorter (2.75 Å) and one longer (2.83 Å) Er–Rh bond lengths. Rh is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to eight Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er5Ge3 by Materials Project

Er5Ge3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Ge atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ge bond distances ranging from 2.90–3.42 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ge atoms. All Er–Ge bond lengths are 3.04 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er3Pd2 by Materials Project

Er3Pd2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mbm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Pd atoms. There are two shorter (2.96 Å) and four longer (3.04 Å) Er–Pd bond lengths. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Pd atoms. All Er–Pd bond lengths are 3.01 Å. Pd is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er5Sb3 by Materials Project

Er5Sb3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Sb atoms. There are a spread of Er–Sb bond distances ranging from 3.03–3.37 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Sb atoms. All Er–Sb bond lengths are 3.17 Å. Sb is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on ErMg2 by Materials Project

ErMg2 is Hexagonal Laves structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Mg sites. In the first Mg site, Mg is bonded to six equivalent Mg and six equivalent Er atoms to form a mixture of corner, edge, and face-sharing MgEr6Mg6 cuboctahedra. All Mg–Mg bond lengths are 3.02 Å. All Mg–Er bond lengths are 3.53 Å. In the second Mg site, Mg is bonded to six Mg and six equivalent Er atoms to form a mixture of corner, edge, and face-sharing MgEr6Mg6 cuboctahedra. There are two shorter (2.93 Å) and two longer (3.09 Å) Mg–Mg bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.50 Å) and four longer (3.52 Å) Mg–Er bond lengths. Er is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to twelve Mg and four equivalent Er atoms. There are one shorter (3.64 Å) and three longer (3.69 Å) Er–Er bond lengths.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er2Pt by Materials Project

Er2Pt is Cotunnite structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded to four equivalent Pt atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ErPt4 tetrahedra. There are one shorter (2.86 Å) and three longer (2.93 Å) Er–Pt bond lengths. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Pt atoms. There are one shorter (2.81 Å) and two longer (3.04 Å) Er–Pt bond lengths. Pt is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on ErB2Ru3 by Materials Project

ErRu3B2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er, twelve equivalent Ru, and six equivalent B atoms. Both Er–Er bond lengths are 3.03 Å. All Er–Ru bond lengths are 3.14 Å. All Er–B bond lengths are 3.17 Å. Ru is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Er and four equivalent B atoms. All Ru–B bond lengths are 2.19 Å. B is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and six equivalent Ru atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on ErNi7B3 by Materials Project

ErNi7B3 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/amd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to fourteen Ni and four equivalent B atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ni bond distances ranging from 2.60–3.13 Å. All Er–B bond lengths are 2.86 Å. There are four inequivalent Ni sites. In the first Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er and four B atoms. There are two shorter (2.15 Å) and two longer (2.22 Å) Ni–B bond lengths. In the second Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er and three B atoms. There are two shorter (2.02 Å) and one longer (2.09 Å) Ni–B bond lengths. In the third Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er and two equivalent B atoms. Both Ni–B bond lengths are 2.04 Å. In the fourth Ni site, Ni is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to two equivalent Er and four B atoms. There are two shorter (2.17 Å) and two longer (2.21 Å) Ni–B bond lengths. There are two inequivalent B sites. In the first B site, B is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er and seven Ni atoms. In the second B site, B is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Ni and one B atom. The B–B bond length is 1.82 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er5Si3 by Materials Project

Er5Si3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Si atoms. There are a spread of Er–Si bond distances ranging from 2.88–3.39 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Si atoms. All Er–Si bond lengths are 3.01 Å. Si is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er5Sn3 by Materials Project

Er5Sn3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Sn atoms. There are a spread of Er–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.06–3.54 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Sn atoms. All Er–Sn bond lengths are 3.18 Å. Sn is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on ErB2Ir3 by Materials Project

ErIr3B2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er, twelve equivalent Ir, and six equivalent B atoms. Both Er–Er bond lengths are 3.14 Å. All Er–Ir bond lengths are 3.15 Å. All Er–B bond lengths are 3.15 Å. Ir is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Er and four equivalent B atoms. All Ir–B bond lengths are 2.22 Å. B is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and six equivalent Ir atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er4Si3O11F2 by Materials Project

Er4F2O11Si3 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Er3+ sites. In the first Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six O2- and one F1- atom to form distorted ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with four SiO4 tetrahedra, edges with two equivalent ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids, and an edgeedge with one SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.23–2.39 Å. The Er–F bond length is 2.33 Å. In the second Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to five O2- and two F1- atoms. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.22–2.37 Å. There are one shorter (2.23 Å) and one longer (2.40 Å) Er–F bond lengths. In the third Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six O2- and one F1- atom to form distorted ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with four SiO4 tetrahedra, edges with two equivalent ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids, and an edgeedge with one SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.20–2.42 Å. The Er–F bond length is 2.24 Å. In the fourth Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six O2- and two F1- atoms. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.25–2.84 Å. Both Er–F bond lengths are 2.35 Å. There are three inequivalent Si4+ sites. In the first Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids, a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one ErO6F pentagonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.63–1.67 Å. In the second Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids and a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra. There is three shorter (1.64 Å) and one longer (1.67 Å) Si–O bond length. In the third Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent ErO6F pentagonal bipyramids and an edgeedge with one ErO6F pentagonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.63–1.70 Å. There are eleven inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er3+ and one Si4+ atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Er3+ atoms. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Er3+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on ErB2Rh3 by Materials Project

ErRh3B2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Er, twelve equivalent Rh, and six equivalent B atoms. Both Er–Er bond lengths are 3.12 Å. All Er–Rh bond lengths are 3.13 Å. All Er–B bond lengths are 3.13 Å. Rh is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Er and four equivalent B atoms. All Rh–B bond lengths are 2.21 Å. B is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and six equivalent Rh atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗