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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Sample Identifiers and Metadata Reporting Format for Environmental Systems Science

The ESS-DIVE sample identifiers and metadata reporting format primarily follows the System for Earth Sample Registration (SESAR) Global Sample Number (IGSN) guide and template, with modifications to address Environmental Systems Science (ESS) sample needs and practicalities (IGSN-ESS). IGSNs are associated with standardized metadata to characterize a variety of different sample types (e.g. object type, material) and describe sample collection details (e.g. latitude, longitude, environmental context, date, collection method). Globally unique sample identifiers, particularly IGSNs, facilitate sample discovery, tracking, and reuse; they are especially useful when sample data is shared with collaborators, sent to different laboratories or user facilities for analyses, or distributed in different data files, datasets, and/or publications. To develop recommendations for multidisciplinary ecosystem and environmental sciences, we first conducted research on related sample standards and templates. We provide a comparison of existing sample reporting conventions, which includes mapping metadata elements across existing standards and Environment Ontology (ENVO) terms for sample object types and environmental materials. We worked with eight U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded projects, including those from Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Scientific Focus Areas. Project scientists tested the process of registering samples for IGSNs and associated metadata in workflows for multidisciplinary ecosystem sciences. We provide modified IGSN metadata guidelines to account for needs of a variety of related biological and environmental samples. While generally following the IGSN core descriptive metadata schema, we provide recommendations for extending sample type terms, and connecting to related templates geared towards biodiversity (Darwin Core) and genomic (Minimum Information about any Sequence, MIxS) samples and specimens. ESS-DIVE recommends registering samples for IGSNs through SESAR, and we include instructions for registration using the IGSN-ESS guidelines. Our resulting sample reporting guidelines, template (IGSN-ESS), and identifier approach can be used by any researcher with sample data for ecosystem sciences.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Bulk density, grain size, carbon, and nitrogen content of floodplain fine sediment along the East River, Colorado collected from 2014 to 2017

The dataset is comprised of grain size, bulk density, carbon and nitrogen content of soils sampled on the floodplain of the East River 4 to 11 km downstream of Gothic, CO near Crested Butte. This dataset was collected to characterize the sedimentological properties and carbon inventory of the East River floodplain. The data help quantify the flux and storage of sediment and carbon between the East River and the alluvial floodplain bounding the river. The samples were collected between 2014 and 2017. The soil samples come from a total of 156 locations and were sampled in the upper 40 to 60 cm of the floodplain and in abandoned channel segments or oxbows. Not all samples were analyzed for all properties, but 26 samples were analyzed for bulk density, full particle size distribution, carbon, and nitrogen content. An additional 48 samples were analyzed for particle size fraction greater than and less than 2 mm and total organic content determined by loss on ignition. The dataset is comprised of a total of six separate data files based on the sample type and analysis and another file lists the sample identifications and locations of samples with a complete suite of analyses.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Stochastic simulations of temporally and spatially variable Fe cycling within a floodplain aquifer

This data package contains model input and output files for local and global sensitivity analysis (SA) of a reactive transport model simulating redox cycling within a floodplain aquifer. The reaction network is implemented in CrunchFlow and focuses on spatially and temporally heterogeneous Fe cycling, though it contains several other species and redox pathways (37 aqueous species and 7 minerals in total). The package contains data from 600 Monte Carlo simulations (for global SA) and 104 one-at-a-time simulations (for local SA). It includes all input files required to run the CrunchFlow model, as well as limited model output – .csv files containing time series of primary species concentrations at 21 grid cells within the domain. These time series files contain the following species: H+, CO32-, SO42-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Fe(II), Fe(III), HS-, CH3COO-, O2(aq), S(aq), and Br-.These data were used to demonstrate the application of a novel form of global SA, distance-based generalized sensitivity analysis (DGSA) to a reactive transport model. The 2D model simulates the export of reduced species from pockets of fine-grained, organic-rich sediments embedded in a coarse sand aquifer. Stochastic simulations jointly varied 17 key model input parameters across several orders of magnitude, including the spatial variability of each parameter. DGSA on the model results reveal that the amplitude and variability of exported Fe(II) are most sensitive to the interaction between sand permeability and individual reaction rates. By contrast, the propagation of reducing conditions downgradient from the fine-grained lenses depends most heavily on the rate of dissolved organic carbon and sulfate release from the fines.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Effect of fluctuating redox conditions on trace metal release from wetland soils from South Carolina and stream sediments from Tennessee

Natural aquatic systems undergo fluctuating redox conditions due to microbial activity, varying water saturation levels, and nutrients dynamics. With fluctuating oxic and anoxic conditions, trace metals can be mobilized or sequestered in response to changes in iron and sulfur speciation and the concentrations and lability of organic carbon. We conducted a systematic laboratory-based microcosm study to examine the effect of redox fluctuations on trace metal mobility in samples collected from two different natural aquatic systems: riparian wetlands and a stream. We incubated water-saturated soils under three cycles of anoxic-oxic conditions (τanoxic:τoxic = 3) spanning 24 days and monitored the change in dissolved and bioavailable metal (copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn)) concentrations. The dataset includes the results of the variation in metal concentrations due to redox fluctuations in wetland soils and stream sediments. Additionally, the variation in the bioavailable concentration of metals obtained using passive samplers based on diffuse gradient in thin-films technique is included in the dataset. We have also reported the change in the pH values and dissolved oxygen concentrations in the microcosms during the entire study of 24 days. The dataset also contains the dissolved organic carbon and sulfate concentrations, and the data on fractions of metals bound to reducible and oxidizable phases. For materials from both the wetlands and the stream, anoxic conditions favored Co and Zn release, which corresponded with the reductive dissolution of iron oxides. In contrast, dissolved Cu concentrations increased under oxic conditions for both sites and correlated positively with the release of sulfate. In wetland soils, dissolution of Fe (hydr)oxides increased Ni solubility; however, in stream sediments, Ni release occurred when sulfides or organic matter were oxidized. For stream sediments, each subsequent redox cycle increased the bioavailability of trace metals. Upon redox fluctuations in wetland soils, the bioavailability of Zn and Cu increased, whereas bioavailable Ni and Co decreased. This study illustrates that different trace metals display distinct bioavailability patterns during oxic-anoxic fluctuations in natural environments. The biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nitrogen in systems with redox fluctuations may be influenced by these patterns in trace metal availability in addition to the availability of electron donors and acceptors.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Bulk density, grain size, carbon content and isotopes, and nitrogen content of floodplain sediment along the Koyukuk River, Alaska collected in Summer 2018.

The dataset is comprised of grain size, bulk density, carbon and nitrogen content, stable carbon isotopes, and radiocarbon content of soils sampled on the floodplain of the Koyukuk River near Huslia, AK. This dataset was collected to characterize sediment properties and floodplain organic carbon stocks in the discontinuous permafrost floodplain of the Koyukuk River. The data help quantify the flux and storage of sediment and carbon between the Koyukuk River and the surrounding floodplain as the river migrates laterally. The samples were collected in June 27 - July 9, 2018. The soil samples come from a total of 24 locations and were sampled in the upper 490 cm of the river cutbanks, point bars, and floodplain. Samples were analyzed for bulk density, full particle size distribution, nitrogen content and carbon content and isotopes, though not all samples were included in each analysis. An additional 10 samples of floodplain woody debris were measured for radiocarbon content. Data, detailed methods, analyses, and interpretations were previously published at: Douglas, M. M., Lingappa, U. F., Lamb, M. P., Rowland, J. C., West, A. J., Li, G., et al. (2021). Impact of river channel lateral migration on microbial communities across a discontinuous permafrost floodplain. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 87(20), AEM.01339-21. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01339-21 Douglas, M. M., Li, G. K., Fischer, W. W., Rowland, J. C., Kemeny, P. C., West, A. J., et al. (2022). Organic carbon burial by river meandering partially offsets bank erosion carbon fluxes in a discontinuous permafrost floodplain. Earth Surface Dynamics, 10(3), 421–435. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-421-2022 The dataset is comprised of a total of three separate data files based on the sample type and analysis, including a file that lists the sample locations, permafrost presence, and geomorphic landform.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Community Based Data of Potentiometric Titration of Iron Oxides: Ferrihydrite (HFO), Goethite, Hematite, Magnetite

This data release includes experimental data of potentiometric titration for iron oxides. The data in the provided .csv files is not our own experimental data but have been compiled from the multiple literature sources. The master database is L-SCIE (LLNL Surface Complexation/Ion Exchange) database, and the provided .csv files are extracted data from L-SCIE. The .csv files were obtained by using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Surface Complexation Database Converter (SCDC) code written in the R programming language (free licensing available at https://ipo.llnl.gov/technologies/software/llnl-surface-complexation-database-converter-scdc).The released data was used for developing a comprehensive community data-driven surface complexation modeling (SCM) framework for simulating potentiometric titration of mineral surfaces. Compiled community data for ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite, and magnetite are fit to produce representative protolysis constants that can reproduce potentiometric titration data collected from multiple literature sources.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Data associated with Quaternary Research manuscript Latest Pleistocene glacial chronology and paleoclimate reconstruction for the East River watershed, Colorado, USA

The data here are associated with Quaternary Research manuscript Latest Pleistocene glacial chronology and paleoclimate reconstruction for the East River watershed, Colorado, USA and include data associated with cosmogenic exposure and depth profile dating as well as glacier-climate numerical modeling. Reconstructing Pleistocene glaciation timing and extent is vital for understanding paleoclimate. While late Pleistocene glaciation has been studied extensively in western North American mountain ranges, the glacial history of the western Elk Range in Colorado remains understudied, particularly in the East River watershed, a site of intense scientific focus. Here we use cosmogenic nuclide exposure and depth–profile dating methods to determine the timing of glaciation in the East River watershed. We use glacier modeling to reconstruct paleoglacier extents and quantify past climate conditions. Our findings indicate that the East River glacier retreated from its maximum position approximately 17–18 ka, moving to recessional positions between 13–15 ka, before experiencing more substantial retreat to high-elevation cirques around 12.9 ka. Glacier modeling suggests that the maximum ice extents at 17–18 ka could have been sustained by temperature depressions of approximately −6.5°C compared to modern conditions, assuming consistent precipitation. Additionally, the ice position at 13–15 ka could have been supported by temperature depressions of around −4.0°C. These results offer insights into the deglaciation timeline in the East River watershed and broader western Elk Range as well as paleoclimate conditions during the late Pleistocene, which may aid future research on critical zone evolution in the East River watershed.The data files include: 1. Table 1 In situ-produced 10Be sample data (.pdf, .csv, .xlsx)2. Table 2 In situ-produced 10Be exposure age results (.pdf, .csv, .xlsx)3. S1_A CRONUS calculator input assuming no erosion (.csv)4. S1_B CRONUS calculator input assuming erosion (.csv)5. S1_C CRONUS calculator results and comparison (.csv)6. S2_A In situ-produced 10Be sample data for depth profile (.csv)7. S2_B In situ-produced 10Be depth profile model input (.csv)8. S2_C In situ-produced 10Be depth profile model results (.csv)9. S3 Monthly cloudiness, rH, and windspeed data used in glacier climate model (.csv)10. S4 Glacier climate model results (.csv)

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Subsurface electrical conductivity across the BEO site inferred using a capacitively coupled resistivity survey in May 2013, Utqiagvik, Alaska

Multiple transects across and around the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) site were surveyed using a capacitively coupled resistivity tool to infer the subsurface electrical conductivity in the top ~6 m in order to improve the understanding of heterogeneity in ice and salinity content. This work was led by the environmental geophysics team from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory as part of the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic). The acquisition was performed in May 2013 using a capacitively coupled resistivity tool (OhmMapper from Geometrics, Inc) mounted behind a sled hooked to a snowmobile. Twenty-eight ~750 m long transects cover the NGEE intensive site (polygon areas A, B, C, D) in the BEO with a measurement (apparent resistivity for 5 different geometries) taken every 1.5 to 2 m. The survey also includes other transects that have been acquired along Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) transects previously acquired at the site (Site 0, AB, and BD), and several long transects (up to 7 km each) around the BEO site crossing several Drained Thawed Lake Basins (DTLB). The various transects acquired during this survey cover a distance of about 100 km. All the datasets are provided with the acquisition geometry and the associated subsurface apparent electrical conductivity. In addition, the 28 transects at the BEO intensive site were inverted to infer the subsurface electrical conductivity. Unprocessed and processed data products are included in this package. This metadata document contains a description of the survey and processing steps and the inferred products.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic) was a 15-year research effort (2012-2027) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, and 2) multiple areas in the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy’s Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Geochemistry, volumetric water content, and active layer depths from rainfall simulations at the Kougarok Fire Site, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2022

Rainfall frequency and intensity is expected to increase in the Arctic, with potential implications for permafrost thaw and geochemical fluxes in soils. To conduct controlled rainfall experiments at remote field sites in the Arctic, the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments Arctic Rainfall Simulator (NARS) was developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory as part of the NGEE Arctic project. To better understand how rainfall may affect interflow biogeochemistry and permafrost thaw, rainfall simulations were performed on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska during late September and early October 2022 at the Kougarok Fire Site near mile marker 86 of the Nome-Taylor Highway. Water samples were collected before, during, and after rainfall simulations until interflow had ceased. Additional data collected included soil pore water samples from macrorhizons, active layer depths, and volumetric water content at each of the experimental plots. This dataset contains one *.csv file of water sample properties, one *.csv file of thaw depths, one *.csv file of soil moisture measurements, and one *.kml file of the locations where samples were collected.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy’s Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Radiocarbon of soil CO2 efflux and soils with experimental soil warming and drying in lowland tropical forests in Panama

In 2019, we measured the Δ14C and δ13C of soil respired carbon dioxide (CO2) in Panamanian forests that are subject to either in situ experimental soil warming (4C above ambient temperature to 1.2 m depth) or in situ experimental drying (50% throughfall exclusion). The warming site and one drying site are both within the Barro Colorado Nature Monument in nearby and similar forests on similar soils, enabling direct comparison of warming and drying effects on soil CO2 efflux. A second drying experiment is on the northern side of the Panama Isthmus on infertile soils where mean annual precipitation is greater, representative of a broad geographic area of the tropics. Given the seasonality of these forests, we performed measurements at stages of the seasonal cycle for which we expected the largest variation in CO2 efflux between control and experimental plots based on previous studies – the wet season (October-December) and dry season (March/April) or dry-to-wet season transition (May). This dataset includes Δ14C and δ13C of in situ soil surface CO2 flux as well as CO2 flux rates, volumetric soil moisture, soil temperature, and calculated partitioning of the fraction of total soil respiration from heterotrophs vs roots at the time of isotope sampling in AllSites_SoilResp_14C_data.xlsx. This dataset also includes Δ14C and δ13C of bulk soil, density fractions, and CO2 respired during laboratory incubations in AllSites_bulk_soil14C.xlsx. Datafiles are also available in csv format.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Characterization of Soil and Rock Magnetic Properties along Multiple Hillslope Transects at Teller Road Site, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2018 and 2023

The magnetometer data was collected in multiple directions across the watershed hillslope at the NGEE Arctic Teller Road site at mile marker 27 (TL_MM27) on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska over multiple years in March 2018 and April 2023. The magnetic data were collected using a Geometrics Inc. G-858 gradiometer and G-857 base station in 2018 and the G-864 gradiometer and G857 base station in 2023. The data was collected (in all instances) by towing the gradiometer behind a snow machine around the watershed with the two sensors in a vertical profile with constant spacing during the continuous survey in that specific year. Magnetic total field measurements were collected by gradiometer and base station, and the data processing was performed in Geometrics MagMap2000 software. The processing steps were limited to removal of data spikes (despiking), reading dropouts, and correction/removal of bad GPS points. All offsets between sensors and GPS are stated within the data files and metadata, alongwith the processed and raw data. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).In this data submission there are two sets of raw magnetic data (.bin and .stn for 2018 and base for 2023; raw rover mag for 2023 is in .csv) inside two .zip files that identify the year the mag data was collected. The data are proprietary format to Geometrics and can be opened and processed with MagMap2000 which can be downloaded for free at Geometrics website. There are also two processed data files *.csv for each year and two metadata files *.csv.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Topography, surface water distribution and subsurface structure in 2023 across an Arctic coastal tundra site near Utqiagvik, Alaska

Subsurface electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), active layer thickness measurements, photogrammetry, and topographic data were collected in September 2023 along a 475 m long, 20 m wide corridor that traverses various polygon types within the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) on the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain, approximately 4 miles from the Beaufort Sea near Utqiaġvik, Alaska. These measurements were designed to assess decadal changes in surface water distribution, topography, and subsurface structure across this dynamic landscape. This archive contains the datasets acquired in 2023 and references to the datasets acquired previously at the same location. The ERT survey was conducted along the 475 m transect using 0.5 m electrode spacing and a roll-along acquisition strategy. Thaw layer thicknesses were measured with a tile probe along the same transect. Photogrammetry data were acquired using an unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) and were used to generate a digital elevation model and an RGB mosaic. A real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS was used to survey the ERT electrodes and the ground control points for the aerial imagery. The dataset contains 5 *.csv data files, 6 *.csv metadata files, and 6 *.tif files.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Plant Characteristics, Porewater, Gas Flux, and Soil Biogeochemistry at Council Road Site Mile Marker 71, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2023

Data collected at Council, AK (64°51’35.0”N 163°41’59.1”W) during a summer campaign in 2023. Water data consists of soil porewater collected by centrifuging soil cores and also by field collection with porewater samplers (rhizons). Gas data consists of CO2, CH4 and N2O surface soil fluxes measured with a portable FTIR analyzer. Plant and root data consists of biomass, root length, diameter and mass. Soil data consists of total C and N. Air, water and soil samples span two main locations: a thermokarst wetland and an upland tussock. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).This dataset was generated to broadly address the following research question: how will climate change (i.e., thawing permafrost, landscape change) alter the ecosystem flux (sink versus source) of important greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4 and N2O?Description of the contents of this data package: This dataset contains 5 different individual .csv files containing plant, soil, water and gas data. No software is needed to utilize them. PFTCover: Plant functional type ground cover in 1x1 meter plots. SoilCores: Solidphase and porewater phase soil biogeochemical variablesPlantData: Above and belowground plant traits. GasFlux: Surface plant-soil gas measurementsFieldPorewater: Field collected porewater biogeochemical variables

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

COMPASS-FME Terrestrial Ecosystem Manipulation to Probe the Effects of Storm Treatments (TEMPEST) Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxes 04/2020-06/2024

Both raw and processed data measured using a LI-COR 7810 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer in the TEMPEST experiment, part of COMPASS-FME (https://compass.pnnl.gov/FME/COMPASSFME), at Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. This ecosystem-scale experiment probes the effects of saltwater versus freshwater flooding in a coastal deciduous forest.The data consist of both concentrations and fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane measured using static chambers on the soil surface, approximately every two weeks from early 2020 to mid 2024. Some of the measurement points are controls, and some subject to root-exclusion techniques; all measurements are embedded in the TEMPEST control, freshwater, and saltwater plots (see Hopple et al. 2023). These data were generated to understand changing soil greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) production and consumption. File types are comma-separated value (.csv) for data, and markdown (.md) for supplementary information.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Data for Regier et al. (2025), "Short-term experimental flooding impacts soil biogeochemistry but not aboveground vegetation in a coastal forest"

Rising sea levels and intensifying storms increase flooding pressure on coastal forests, but the mechanisms that drive coastal forest mortality remain unclear. This study used an ecosystem-scale manipulation (TEMPEST, Terrestrial Ecosystem Manipulation to Probe the Effects of Storm Treatments) to simulate hurricane-level flooding of a coastal forest and explore the individual and interactive impacts of inundation and salinity. This dataset comprises the results reported by Regier et al. (2025) in their paper "Short-term experimental flooding impacts soil biogeochemistry but not aboveground vegetation in a coastal forest." It consists of measurements of:- Belowground conductance- Soil dissolved oxygen and redox- Soil and tree greenhouse gas fluxes- Leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and intercellular carbon dioxide- Sap flux- Soil volumetric water content and electrical conductivityAll files are plain-text CSV (comma separated value) and no special software is required to read them.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Redox potential in Typha-dominated tidal brackish marsh, PIE LTER, Plum Island Sound, MA, June–December 2022

This dataset includes soil redox potential measurements collected at multiple depths within a tidal brackish wetland in the upper estuary of the Plum Island Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research site (PIE LTER), Plum Island Sound, Newbury, Massachusetts. Measurements were taken to evaluate temporal variation in redox potential in relation to hydrological events at three replicate locations. Data were recorded every 5 minutes using a Campbell Scientific Volt116 connected to a CR6 datalogger with SWAP instrument redox probes (ORP-30-4-B) and reference electrodes. Measurements were made at the AmeriFlux site US-PLo at four soil depths (5, 10, 15, and 30 cm). The file redox_soiltemp_2022.csv contains temperature-corrected redox values and soil temperature following Silva-Machado et al. (2024). Metadata files redox_soiltemp_dd.csv and redox_soiltemp_flmd.csv provide detailed descriptions of variables and site locations.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Specific conductivity and salinity of the Parker River, PIE LTER, Plum Island Sound MA, August-November 2022

This dataset contains specific conductivity and calculated salinity data of Parker River water at a tidal brackish wetland dominated by Typha angustifolia at the upper estuary of the Plum Island Sound in Newbury, Massachusetts (MA) within the Plum Island Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research site (PIE LTER). Measurements were taken to evaluate temporal changes in surface water salinity in high frequency to characterize boundary conditions of soil and plant responses to changes in salinity. A PVC pipe was installed in a low elevation spot in the creek bank so that the bottom of the pipe sat on the sediment surface allowing flushing with water during flooding. Raw measurements were collected using an Onset HOBO U24-002 Saltwater Conductivity/Salinity data logger. The specific conductance and salinity measurements were corrected and calculated respectively using Onset’s HOBOware software and reference specific conductivity measurements taken in tandem with the first and last points recorded by the HOBO sensor. These reference measurements were taken using a HACH HQ14D Portable Conductivity Meter. Because of the installation design, only data one hour before and after high tide are used. Metadata files Typha_ctd_salinity_dd.csv and Typha_ctd_salinity_flmd.csv contain detailed information on data variables, sampling and QA/QC methods, and site location.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Redox potential in Typha-dominated tidal brackish marsh, PIE LTER, Plum Island Sound, MA, 2023

This dataset includes soil redox potential measurements collected at multiple depths within a tidal brackish wetland in the upper estuary of the Plum Island Ecosystems Long-Term Ecological Research site (PIE LTER), Plum Island Sound, Newbury, Massachusetts (MA). Measurements were taken to evaluate temporal variation in redox potential in relation to hydrological events at three replicate locations. Data were recorded every 5 minutes using a Campbell Scientific Volt116 connected to a CR6 datalogger with SWAP instrument redox probes (ORP-30-4-B) and reference electrodes. Measurements were made at the AmeriFlux site US-PLo at four soil depths (5, 10, 15, and 30 cm). The file redox_soiltemp_2023.csv contains temperature-corrected redox values and soil temperature following Silva-Machado et al. (2024). Metadata files redox_soiltemp_dd.csv and redox_soiltemp_2023_flmd.csv provide detailed descriptions of variables and site locations.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗