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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Time Slicing of Neutrino Fluxes in Oscillation Experiments at Fermilab

Long and short baseline neutrino oscillation experiments, such as DUNE, SBND, demand high precision in reducing systematic errors, particularly those related to neutrino-nucleus interaction cross-sections. The stroboscopic approach offers a method to capture distinct neutrino energy spectra, aiding in the separation of flux and cross-section uncertainties. This report outlines the creation of short proton bunch lengths and the transport of a narrow beam down the Booster Neutrino Beamline, essential steps for the successful implementation of the stroboscopic approach.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Commissioning of the Mu2e Data AcQuisition System and the Vertical Slice Test of the Straw Tracker

The report discusses the commissioning of the DAQ system of the Mu2e experiment. We studied how the tracker works and especially the tracker readout. We used a generator to send pulses and we tried to understand the output and non-output of the DTC, in order to validate the event and run format and all the failure modes. In section one, we describe Charged Lepton Flavour Violation, the main purpose of Mu2e, in section two we describe Mu2e experiment. Section three presents the tracker description and readout, meanwhile section four the DAQ system and event building. In section five, we start explaining the analysis we have done on events and all the failure modes we discovered. In section six, we have done an analysis of the logger and boardreader rate, we validated the generator frequency in section seven and studied the number of hits in function of the channel number in section eight. To conclude we investigated the channel to channel time differences in section nine and in section ten we explain our Monte Carlo simulation, reproducing ROCs readout.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

2.5D Super-Resolution Approaches for X-Ray Computed Tomography-Based Inspection of Additively Manufactured Parts

X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a key tool in non-destructive evaluation of additively manufactured (AM) parts, allowing for internal inspection and defect detection. Despite its widespread use, obtaining high-resolution CT scans can be extremely time consuming. This issue can be mitigated by performing scans at lower resolutions; however, reducing the resolution compromises spatial detail, limiting the accuracy of defect detection. Super-resolution algorithms offer a promising solution for overcoming resolution limitations in XCT reconstructions of AM parts, enabling more accurate detection of defects. While 2D super-resolution methods have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on natural images, they tend to under-perform when directly applied to XCT slices. On the other hand, 3D super-resolution methods are computationally expensive, making them infeasible for large-scale applications. To address these challenges, we propose a 2.5D super-resolution approach tailored for XCT of AM parts. Our method enhances the resolution of individual slices by leveraging multi-slice information from neighboring 2D slices without the significant computational overhead of full 3D methods. Specifically, we use neighboring low-resolution slices to super-resolve the center slice, exploiting inter-slice spatial context while maintaining computational efficiency. This approach bridges the gap between 2D and 3D methods, offering a practical solution for high-throughput defect detection in AM parts.

Sullivan, Haley↗
DOE OSTI2023

Few-view computed tomography reconstruction using deep neural network inference

A system for generating 2D slices of a 3D image of a target volume is provided. The system receives a target sinogram collected during a computed tomography scan of the target volume. The system inputs the target sinogram to a convolutional neural network (CNN) to generate predicted 2D slices of the 3D image. The CNN is trained using training 2D slices of training 3D images. The system initializes 2D slices to the predicted 2D slices. The system reconstructs 2D slices of the 3D image from the target sinogram and the initialized 2D slices.

Kim, Hyojin↗
DOE OSTI2025

Improving ICARUS Track Reconstruction Algorithms

The ICARUS experiment is part of the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program at Fermilab. The main goal of the experiment is to investigate the possibility of sterile neutrinos in the O(1 eV) mass region and provide clarification of the anomaly detected from the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and MiniBooNE experiments. The ICARUS-T600 detector is a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr-TPC), that can provide excellent 3D imaging and calorimetric reconstruction of any ionizing particles. This detection technique allows a detailed study of neutrino interactions, spanning a wide energy spectrum (from a few keV to several hundreds of GeV). The detector consists of two identical adjacent modules, filled with a total of 760 tons of ultra-pure liquid argon. Each module houses two LAr-TPCs separated by a common cathode with a maximum drift distance of 1.5 m, equivalent to about 1 ms drift time for the nominal $500$ V/m electric drift field. The anode is made of three parallel wire planes positioned 3 mm apart, where the stainless-steel wires are oriented on each plane at a different angle with respect to the horizontal direction ($+60^\degree$,$-60^\degree$,$0^\degree$). The first two planes (Induction 1 and Induction 2) provide a non-destructive charge measurement, whereas the ionization charge is fully collected by the last collection plane. In total, 53248 wires with a 3 mm pitch and length up to 9 m are installed in the detector. In the first stage of the reconstruction, segments of waveforms corresponding to physical signals (hits) are searched for in the deconvolved wire waveform with a threshold-based hit-finding algorithm. Each hit is then fitted with a Gaussian, whose area is proportional to the number of drift electrons generating the signal. In the second stage of the reconstruction, hits are passed as input to Pandora, a framework software composed of different pattern recognition algorithms, that performs a 3D reconstruction of the full image recorded in the collected event, including the identification of interaction vertices and tracks and showers inside the TPC. These are organized into a hierarchical structure (called slice) of particles generated starting from a primary interaction vertex. In some cases, related to the inefficiencies in the hit detection or excessive deflection of the particle trajectory, Pandora breaks the particle's track into two or more smaller pieces and considers each piece as an independent track. We studied this phenomenon focusing on primary muons from ν_μ CC interactions contained in a single module with a track at least 20 cm long, to exclude delta rays. The study determined that about $7-8\%$ of the muon tracks are broken. Approximately $80\%$ of the times, Pandora assigns all segments of the track to the same slice (intra-slice track split), while in the remaining $20\%$ of the cases, one of the segments is associated with another slice (extra-slice track split). To mitigate this phenomenon, we designed an algorithm that detects and stitches the tracks broken by Pandora for the intra-slice split. In Monte Carlo simulations, the algorithm showed an efficiency exceeding $80\%$ and a purity exceeding $93\%$.

Ricci, Alessandro Maria [Pisa U.; INFN, Pisa] (ORC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Subduction, Underplating, and Return Flow Recorded in the Cycladic Blueschist Unit Exposed on Syros, Greece

Exhumed high-pressure/low-temperature (HP/LT) metamorphic rocks provide insights into deep (~20–70 km) subduction interface dynamics. On Syros Island (Cyclades, Greece), the Cycladic Blueschist Unit preserves blueschist-to-eclogite facies oceanic- and continental-affinity rocks that record the structural and thermal evolution linked to Eocene subduction. Despite decades of research, the metamorphic and deformation history (P-T-D) and timing of subduction and exhumation are matters of ongoing discussion. We suggest that Syros comprises three coherent tectonic slices and that each slice underwent subduction, underplating, and syn-subduction return flow along similar P-T trajectories, but at progressively younger times. Subduction and exhumation are distinguished by lineations and ductile fold axis orientations, and are kinematically consistent with previous studies that document top-to-the-S-SW shear (prograde-to-peak subduction), top-to-the-NE shear (blueschist facies exhumation), and then E-W coaxial stretching (greenschist facies exhumation). Amphibole zonations record cooling during decompression, indicating return flow above a cold slab. Multi-mineral Rb-Sr isochrons and compiled metamorphic geochronology show that the three slices record distinct stages of peak subduction (53–52, ~50, and 45 Ma) that young with structural depth. Retrograde blueschist and greenschist facies fabrics span ~50–40 and ~43–20 Ma, respectively, and also young with structural depth. Synthesized data sets support a revised tectonic framework for Syros, involving subduction of structurally distinct coherent slices and simultaneous return flow of previously accreted tectonic slices in the subduction channel shear zone. Distributed, ductile, dominantly coaxial return flow in an Eocene-Oligocene subduction channel proceeded at rates of ~1.5–5 mm/yr and accommodated ~80% of the total exhumation of this HP/LT complex.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗