Satellite altimetry applications: operational oceanography from space
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This new TOPEX/POSEIDON product provides the full mission data set in a new format with many data quality improvements brought about by the work of many scientists during the mission. It is a revised form to the MGDR-A CD-ROM set which covered data from the beginning of the mission, Septermber 22, 1992 to April 23, 1996.
Exceeding all expectations of measurement precision and accuracy, the US/France TOPEX/Poseidon satellite mission is now in its 5th year. Returning more than 98 percent of the altimetric data, the measured global geocentric height of the sea surface has provided unprecedented opportunities to address a host of scientific problems ranging from the dynamics of ocean circulation to the distribution of internal tidal energy. Scientific highlights of this longest-running altimetric satellite mission include improvements in our understanding of the dynamics and thermodynamics of the large-scale ocean variability, such as, the properties of planetary waves; the energetics of basin-wide gyres; the heat budget of the ocean; and the ocean's response to wind forcing. For the first time, oceanographers have quantitative descriptions of a dynamic variable of the physical state of the global oceans available in near-real-time.
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Aircraft and spacecraft remote sensing of oceanographic features and interpretation of photography taken during Apollo 501 mission
Planning efforts toward oceanographic satellite system as part of NASA Earth Resources Program
Orbiting satellite global all-weather oceanographic data acquisition to complement higher resolution data from ships, buoys and aircraft remote sensors
Remote sensing platform requirements for oceanographic and meteorologic observations, discussing orbital and aircraft platforms
Photometer and photoelectron differential energy analyzer development and nitrogen spectrometry for upper atmosphere physics
Coastal zone oceanographic priorities planning for Earth Resources Technology Satellite observation
Spacecraft radar equipment for remote measurements of ocean characteristics
Airborne tests of multispectral scanners to determine usefulness of remote sensors in surveying river, coastal, and deep-sea phenomena
Spaceborne oceanographic data acquisition and utilization, and remote sensor development
Conference proceedings on hydrology and meteorology investigations under Earth Resources Program - Vol. 3
Some results are presented of Earth Resources Survey Program studies conducted on: (1) Defining and developing methods of suppressing system noise and cloud contamination in satellite measurements of infrared window radiation. (2) Relating sea surface temperature patterns in the Gulf Stream and Gulf of Mexico to associated thermal front structure with aid of infrared data from Nimbus or ITOS. (3) Testing the feasibility of mapping sea surface roughness and low level wind speed over tropical oceans by means of ATS imagery in sun glitter zones. (4) Microwave radiometer measurements from aircraft and their usefulness and limitations for all-weather mapping of surface roughness, sea ice conditions, and possible surface temperature. (5) Evaluation of scanning radiometer data from ITOS for purposes of mapping snow and ice conditions.
The selection of a single blue band to quantitatively measure ocean chlorophyll is dependent upon the altitude and spectral bandwidth of the filter. These relationships are discussed, and the conclusion made that a blue band from 0.44 to 0.50 microns would best serve this oceanographic application.