Construction of elastic body models from saturn dynamic test results
Obtaining mathematical models of elastic body dynamics for Saturn launch vehicles from dynamic test data
ELASTIC BODY↗
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Results for “elastic model”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Low Activation Joining of SiC/SiC Composites for Fusion Applications: Modeling Miniature Torsion Tests with Elastic and Elastic-Plastic Models
The use of SiC and SiC-composites in fission or fusion environments requires joining methods for assembling systems. The international fusion community designed miniature torsion specimens for joint testing and irradiation in test reactors with limited irradiation volumes. These torsion specimens fail out-of-plane when joints are strong and when elastic moduli are within a certain range compared to SiC, which causes difficulties in determining shear strengths for joints or for comparing unirradiated and irradiated joints. A finite element damage model was developed that indicates fracture is likely to occur within the joined pieces to cause out-of-plane failures for miniature torsion specimens when a certain modulus and strength ratio between the joint material and the joined material exists. The model was extended to treat elastic-plastic joints such as SiC/epoxy and steel/epoxy joints tested as validation of the specimen design.
Henager, Charles H.↗
A further study of elastic foundation models
Response expressions for elastic foundation models
ELASTICITY↗
Equilibrium configurations between density and topographic surface irregularities in a purely elastic Earth model.
Two-dimensional purely elastic Earth model used to study elastic equilibrium configuration between density and topographic surface irregularities
EARTH SURFACE↗
Elastic electron-deuteron scattering within a relativistic potential model
Elastic electron-deuteron scattering was considered in the point form of relativistic quantum mechanics. Observables of this process and the dependence of the deuteron form factors on the 4-momentum transfer Q up to 8 fm{sup −1} were calculated. The nucleon-nucleon potentials used in the calculations included the Nijmegen potentials NijmI and NijmII, the Bonn potential CD-Bonn, and the Moscow potential involving forbidden states. A parametrization of the nucleon form factors that complies with present-day experimental results was used as input data. The results of the calculations that employ all of the above potential types describe experimental data at least up to Q ≈ 5 fm{sup −}1.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Modeling and simulation of CO 2 capture using semipermeable elastic microcapsules
Very high rates of CO2 absorption have been demonstrated using semipermeable microcapsules filled with environmentally benign sodium carbonate solutions (Vericella et al., Nature communications 6, 2015). However, such capsules have also exhibited several traits, including water loss/uptake, elastic swelling and buckling, and precipitation of solids, which make them more complicated to engineer as a carbon capture material. To address this, a mechanistic model for mass transfer and chemical reaction has been developed, which accounts for these behaviors, and can be used as a predictive tool to explore capsule performance under different CO2 capture scenarios. The model uses a modified film theory to describe CO2 and H2O mass transfer rates, a concentration based description of vapor-liquid-solid equilibrium inside the capsule, and an elastic description of the capsule shell. Model predictions compare favorably to literature data for precipitating carbonates, as well as recent data for microcapsule CO2 absorption. The model was used to assess practical issues of capsule water transfer during a temperature swing CO2 absorption/desorption cycle. Model predictions indicate that capsules filled with high weight percent, precipitating sodium carbonate solution could be significantly or completely dehydrated during CO2 absorption. Subsequent rehydration of lean capsules at elevated temperature showed strong sensitivity to both gas humidity, and capsule shell elasticity.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
The influences of geometric shape of cross section on equilibrium configuration of DNA in elastic rod model
The equilibrium configuration equations of DNA chain with elastic rod model are derived in detail by the variation of the free energy functional, which depends on the curvature, torsion, twisting angle and its derivative with respect to the arc-length of central axis curve of rod. With the different shapes of rod, we obtain the equilibrium equations of DNA with circular and noncircular cross sections, which provide an approach to describe the physical behaviors of A-, B-, Z-DNA. The results show that the elastic rod model with circular cross section can accurately characterize the equilibrium configurations of A-, B-DNA, while the model with elliptical cross sections is more suitable for Z-DNA.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Implementation of an extensible property modeling framework in ESPEI with applications to molar volume and elastic stiffness models
Property models are becoming more widely adopted by commercial Calphad databases, but they are not nearly as common in non-commercial or traditional academic Calphad databases. A primary driver is that user-friendly Calphad modeling tools that support property models are not widely available. Here we present new property modeling capabilities that have been implemented in ESPEI (the Extensible, Self-optimizing Phase Equilibrium Infrastructure). These capabilities include both generating property model parameters from data and improvements to the algorithmic selection of the most appropriate model from a series of candidates. Additionally, two illustrative examples are given that use ESPEI to fit different property models. First, we generate molar volume model parameters for Group IV, V, and VI refractory BCC alloys based on the model by Lu et al. (2005). Second, we demonstrate the extensibility of ESPEI’s property modeling capabilities by implementing a custom PyCalphad model for BCC elastic stiffness parameters to generate and compare parameters to the ones assessed by Marker et al. (2018) using the same data. Property models generated by ESPEI can be used in PyCalphad or further optimized with uncertainty quantification using ESPEI.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
INFLATABLE PARAWING DEPLOYMENT STUDIES USING A DYNAMICALLY AND ELASTICALLY SCALED MODEL
Deployment studies of a dynamically and elastically scaled model of an inflatable parawing, deployed from a capsule mounted with rotational freedom in a wind tunnel
LANDING DEVICE↗
Non-Reflecting Regions for Finite Difference Methods in Modeling of Elastic Wave Propagation in Plates
Solution of the wave equation using techniques such as finite difference or finite element methods can model elastic wave propagation in solids. This requires mapping the physical geometry into a computational domain whose size is governed by the size of the physical domain of interest and by the required resolution. This computational domain, in turn, dictates the computer memory requirements as well as the calculation time. Quite often, the physical region of interest is only a part of the whole physical body, and does not necessarily include all the physical boundaries. Reduction of the calculation domain requires positioning an artificial boundary or region where a physical boundary does not exist. It is important however that such a boundary, or region, will not affect the internal domain, i.e., it should not cause reflections that propagate back into the material. This paper concentrates on the issue of constructing such a boundary region.
Kishoni, Doron↗
Elastic Flow Modeling for Hydropower Digital Twins
This report details the elastic, unsteady, one-dimensional flow equations that are used to model flow through a penstock in a hydropower facility. The elastic flow model is accurate even in cases of fast transients, long penstock length, and high gravitation head. The compressibility of the water and elasticity of the pipe walls are explicitly accounted for in the developed models so that the water hammer phenomena can be accurately captured. The elastic flow model is coupled to a mechanistic turbine model to resolve the dynamic feedbacks between the elastic water column and the turbine rotation rate. A finite volume method is employed to solve the governing equations, and the method is shown to have low numerical diffusion in sharp gradient phenomena, such as those encountered when simulating water hammer. The method is applied to single dimensional linear advection benchmark problem and numerical results are compared with analytic results. This is followed on by an application to a full hydropower system with a coupled turbine. The elastic flow model results are compared against an inelastic model.
13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
Rigid-plug elastic-water model for transient pipe flow with entrapped air pocket
Pressure transients in a rapidly filling pipe with an entrapped air pocket are investigated analytically. A rigid-plug elastic water model is developed by applying elastic water hammer to the majority of the water column while applying rigid water analysis to a small portion near the air-water interface, which avoids effectively the interpolation error of previous approaches. Moreover, another two simplified models are introduced respectively based on constant water length and by neglecting water elasticity. Verification of the three models is confirmed by experimental results. Calculations show that the simplification of constant water length is feasible for small air pockets. The complete rigid water model is appropriate for cases with large initial air volume. The rigid-plug elastic model can predict all the essential features for the entire range of initial air fraction considered in this study, and it is the effective model for analysis of pressure transients of entrapped air.
42 ENGINEERING↗
An improved rotated staggered-grid finite-difference method with fourth-order temporal accuracy for elastic-wave modeling in anisotropic media
The rotated staggered-grid (RSG) finite-difference method is a powerful tool for elastic-wave modeling in 2D anisotropic media where the symmetry axes of anisotropy are not aligned with the coordinate axes. We develop an improved RSG scheme with fourth-order temporal accuracy to reduce the numerical dispersion associated with prolonged wave propagation or a large temporal step size. The high-order temporal accuracy is achieved by including high-order temporal derivatives, which can be converted to high-order spatial derivatives to reduce computational cost. Dispersion analysis and numerical tests show that our method exhibits very low temporal dispersion even with a large temporal step size for elastic-wave modeling in complex anisotropic media. Using the same temporal step size, our method is more accurate than the conventional RSG scheme. In conclusion, our improved RSG scheme is therefore suitable for prolonged modeling of elastic-wave propagation in 2D anisotropic media.
58 GEOSCIENCES↗
An elastic failure model of indentation damage
A mechanistically consistent model for indentation damage based on elastic failure at tensile or shear overloads, is proposed. The model accommodates arbitrary crack orientation, stress relaxation, reduction and recovery of stiffness due to crack opening and closure, and interfacial friction due to backward sliding of closed cracks. This elastic failure model was implemented by an axisymmetric finite element program which was used to simulate progressive damage in a silicon nitride plate indented by a tungsten carbide sphere. The predicted damage patterns and the permanent impression matched those observed experimentally. The validation of this elastic failure model shows that the plastic deformation postulated by others is not necessary to replicate the indentation damage of brittle structural ceramics.
Liaw, B. M.↗
Failure Criteria and Temperature Dependent Elastic Constants in the 3-D Elastic Orthotropic Model
Recent points of emphasis in the Library of Advanced Materials for Engineering (LAMÉ) have been to enable flexibility in formulations via the adoption of a variety of modular frameworks. While more established phenomenologies such as plasticity and viscoelasticity have been considered, elastically orthotropic models (e.g. elastic_3D_orthotropic) have not. For the elasticity component, not much can be modularized. However, a potential feature of interest would be the evaluation of failure criteria to consider the possibility of damage. Many such forms exist in the literature providing a good basis for modularity.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Simplified treatment of exact resonance elastic scattering model in deterministic slowing down equation
Simplified treatment of resonance elastic scattering model considering thermal motion of heavy nuclides and the energy dependence of the resonance cross section was implemented into NJOY [1]. In order to solve deterministic slowing down equation considering the effect of up-scattering without iterative calculations, scattering kernel for heavy nuclides is pre-calculated by the formula derived by Ouisloumen and Sanchez [2], and neutron spectrum in up-scattering term is expressed by NR approximation. To check the verification of the simplified treatment, the treatment is applied to U-238 for the energy range from 4 eV to 200 eV. Calculated multi-group capture cross section of U-238 is greater than that of conventional method and the increase of the capture cross sections is remarkable as the temperature becomes high. Therefore Doppler coefficient calculated in UO{sub 2} fuel pin is calculated more negative value than that on conventional method. The impact on Doppler coefficient is equivalent to the results of exact treatment of resonance elastic scattering reported in previous studies [2-7]. The agreement supports the validation of the simplified treatment and therefore this treatment is applied for other heavy nuclide to evaluate the Doppler coefficient in MOX fuel. The result shows that the impact of considering thermal agitation in resonance scattering in Doppler coefficient comes mainly from U-238 and that of other heavy nuclides such as Pu-239, 240 etc. is not comparable in MOX fuel. (authors)
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Totem results
The TOTEM experiment measured the elastic, inelastic and total pp cross-section at √(s)=7 TeV and 8 TeV. The elastic scattering was measured in a large range of |t| allowing the determination of the pp cross-section, the discrimination among the elastic models, and the study of the Coulomb-Nuclear interference. The measurements of the charged particle dN{sub CH}/dη and on single and double diffractive interactions are also reported.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
A Double Scattering Analytical Model For Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis
We present an analytical model for calculation of double scattering in elastic recoil detection measurements. Only events involving the beam particle and the recoil are considered, i.e. 1) an ion scatters off a target element and then produces a recoil, and 2) an ion produces a recoil which then scatters off a target element. Events involving intermediate recoils are not considered, i.e. when the primary ion produces a recoil which then produces a second recoil. If the recoil element is also present in the stopping foil, recoil events in the stopping foil are also calculated. We included the model in the standard code for IBA data analysis NDF, and applied it to the measurement of hydrogen in Si.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗