Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “dissociative recombination”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3

The dissociative recombination of O2(+) - The quantum yield of O(1S) and O(1D)

Data from the visible airglow experiment on the Atmosphere Explorer-E satellite have been used to determine the quantum yield of O(1S) and O(1D) from the dissociative recombination of O2(+). A range of values between 0.09 and 0.23 has been obtained for the quantum yield of O(1S). It is shown that the quantum yield of O(1S) depends on the ratio of electron density to atomic oxygen density. This suggests that the quantum yield of O(1S) may depend on the degree of vibrational excitation of the recombining O2(+). The quantum yield of O(1D) has been measured to be 1.23 + or - 0.42, with no dependence on the electron-oxygen ratio.

Abreu, V. J.↗

The yield of N/2D/ atoms in the dissociative recombination of NO/+/

The quantum yield or branching ratio of N(2D) atoms formed in the reaction e + NO(+) yields N + O was measured to be 76% plus or minus 6%. Photoionization of buffered nitric oxide by a flash lamp was studied using time-resolved atomic absorption. Atoms were produced both by direct photodissociation and by dissociative recombination, and these two effects were separated by means of SF6 as an electron scavenger.

Kley, D.↗

Concerning sources of O/1D/ in Aurora - Electron impact and dissociative recombination

The present investigation is concerned with two questions. One is related to the possibility that the O(1D) level is produced by an as yet unidentified process in aurora. The second question is concerned with the need for an additional source and the altitude over which it is required. The data base of the AE satellite (AE-D in particular) was examined for this study. It is found that dissociative recombination and electron impact are inadequate sources of O(1D) in aurora. Nearly 90% of the source function is unidentified below 200 km and about 55% is missing above 250 km. The possibility that thermal electron impact could provide the missing source above 250 km was examined. Calculations showed that the missing source above 250 km could be explained by thermal electron impact if the electron temperatures were approximately 2900 K.

Sharp, W. E.↗

O(1S) from dissociative recombination of O2(+) - Nonthermal line profile measurements from Dynamics Explorer

The measurements reported were made of the O(1S) emission line profile at 5577 A at high spectral resolution with the Fabry-Perot interferometer on the Dynamics Explorer spacecraft. It is found that the line profile has marked nonthermal characteristics in the nightglow. A simple collisional relaxation model is used to analyze the nighttime emission line profiles, measured in the equatorial region. The branching ratio is inferred for the dissociative recombination of O2(+) leading to O(1S). The result reveals that the O(1S) + O(1D) channel is favored over the O(1S). The result reveals that the O(1S) + O(1D) channel is favored over the O(1S) + O(3P) channel by a factor of 4; this does not agree with the ratio reported by Hernandez (1971). It is noted, however, that the result is consistent with the active channel for O(1S) production being via the 1Sigma u + repulsive state of O2, as suggested by the theoretical calculations of Guberman (1983). In addition, a value is obtained for the excitation exchange cross section for O(1S).

Killeen, T. L.↗

The Role of Water Vapor and Dissociative Recombination Processes in Solar Array Arc Initiation

Experimental plasma arc investigations involving the onset of arc initiation for a negatively biased solar array immersed in low-density plasma have been performed. Previous studies into the arc initiation process have shown that the most probable arcing sites tend to occur at the triple junction involving the conductor, dielectric and plasma. More recently our own experiments have led us to believe that water vapor is the main causal factor behind the arc initiation process. Assuming the main component of the expelled plasma cloud by weight is water, the fastest process available is dissociative recombination (H2O(+) + e(-) (goes to) H* + OH*). A model that agrees with the observed dependency of arc current pulse width on the square root of capacitance is presented. A 400 MHz digital storage scope and current probe was used to detect arcs at the triple junction of a solar array. Simultaneous measurements of the arc trigger pulse, the gate pulse, the arc current and the arc voltage were then obtained. Finally, a large number of measurements of individual arc spectra were obtained in very short time intervals, ranging from 10 to 30 microseconds, using a 1/4 a spectrometer coupled with a gated intensified CCD. The spectrometer was systematically tuned to obtain optical arc spectra over the entire wavelength range of 260 to 680 nanometers. All relevant atomic lines and molecular bands were then identified.

Galofar, J.↗

Thermospheric production of O(1S) by dissociative recombination of vibrationally excited O2(+)

High spectral resolution line profiles at 5577 A of the nighttime, F-region O(1S) emission measured by the Fabry-Perot interferometer on board the Dynamics Explorer satellite are analyzed using a continuous O(1S) relaxation model. The model is an improvement over the previous model of Killeen and Hays (1981) in that energy loss via elastic collision is considered in addition to the single collision, excitation exchange thermalization process. The results show that the active channel for O(1S) production is capture into the 1Sigma(+)u repulsive state of O2 and that the main contributor to its production is the dissociative recombination of O2(+) ions in vibrational levels v = 1 and 2 in agreement with the quantal calculations of Guberman (1983).

Yee, Jeng-Hwa↗

A theoretical prediction of hydrogen molecule dissociation-recombination rates including an accurate treatment of internal state nonequilibrium effects

The dissociation and recombination of H2 over the temperature range 1000-5000 K are calculated in a nonempirical manner. The computation procedure involves the calculation of the state-to-state energy transfer rate coefficients, the solution of the 349 coupled equations which form the master equation, and the determination of the phenomenological rate coefficients. The nonempirical results presented here are in good agreement with experimental data at 1000 and 3000 K.

Schwenke, David W.↗

Products of Dissociative Recombination in the Ionosphere

SRI International undertook a novel experimental measurement of the product states formed by dissociative ro-combination (DR) of C2(+), NO(+), and N2(+) as a function of both electron energy and reactant ion vibrational level. For these measurements we used a recently developed experimental technique for measuring dissociation product distributions that allows both the branching ratios to be accurately determined and the electronic and ro-vibrational state composition of the reactant ions to be specified. DR is the dominant electron loss mechanism in all regions of the ionosphere. In this process, electron attachment to the molecular ion produces an unstable neutral molecule that rapidly dissociates.

Cosby, Philip↗

The production of O(1D) from dissociative recombination of O2(+)

The results of large scale ab initio calculations of the rates for production of O(1D) by dissociative combination of O2(+) are presented for electron temperatures in the range 100 to 3000 K. A 1-delta-u state is the dominant dissociative route from v = 0 and a 3-sigma-u(-) state is the most important route from v = 1 and v = 2. The calculated total rate for O(1D) production from v = 0 is 2.21(+0.21,-0.24) x 10(-7) x (T sub e/300) exp -.46 near room temperature. The v = 1 and v = 2 rates are about 17% and 47% smaller respectively, than the v = 0 rate at 300 K.

Guberman, Steven L.↗

The production of O(1D) from dissociative recombination of O2(+)

The results of large scale ab initio calculations of the rates for production of O(1D) by dissociative combination of O2(+) are presented for electron temperatures in the range 100 to 3000 K. A 1-delta-u state is the dominant dissociative route from v = 0 and a 3-sigma-u(-) state is the most important route from v = 1 and v = 2. The calculated total rate for O(1D) production from v = 0 is 2.21(+0.21, -0.24) x 10(-7) x (T sub e/300) exp -.46 near room temperature. The v = 1 and v = 2 rates are about 17 percent and 47 percent smaller respectively, than the v = 0 rate at 300 K.

Guberman, Steven L.↗

Dissociative Recombination (DR) and Associative Ionization (AI) Cross Section Calculations for the NO+ + e yields N + O (2D+3P, 2P+3P, and 2D+1D) Reaction for Atmospheric Entry Modeling

During entry of a space craft into Earth atmosphere, the flow surrounding the vehicle becomes partially ionized leading to significant cation and free-electron production. Subsequently, electron impact excitation and dissociation form radiating excited state species that contribute to the heat load on the vehicle. While experimental data on selected total cross sections are available, few experiments address the need for accurate AI cross sections for metastable atomic states at the high temperatures realized in atmospheric re-entry. In order to maintain desired safety margins during atmospheric entry of a space vehicle, chemical reaction models need to accurately account for this process. For the present study, we have computed vibrationally resolved cross sections for the DR of NO+ for electron energies between 0.01 to 10 eV and apply microscopic reversibility to obtain the AI cross sections and rate coefficients. For the DR cross section calculations, we use state-of-the-art MRCI potential energy curves. The resulting adiabatic potential curves are transformed to a diabatic representation, which is used in time-dependent wave packet calculations to describe the nuclear motion of the dissociating cation upon collision with an electron. Based on the wave function evolution in time, these calculations provide T-matrix and cross sections for the DR including recombination into the low energy metastable atomic states. The DR and AI rate coefficients are compared with the available experimental data.

Ewa Papajak↗

Electron-temperature dependence of dissociative recombination of electrons with CO(+)-(CO)n-series ions

A microwave afterglow mass spectrometer apparatus is used to determine the dependence on electron temperature T sub e of the recombination coefficients alpha sub n of the dimer and trimer ions of the series CO+.(CO) sub n. It is found that alpha sub 1 = (1.3 + or - 0.3)x 0.000001 (T sub e(K)/300) to the -0.34; and alpha sub 2 = (1.9 + or - 0.4)x 0.000001 (T sub e(K)/300) to the -0.33 cu cm/sec. These dependences on T sub e are quite different from those obtained previously for polar-cluster ions of the hydronium and ammonium series but are similar to that for simple diatomic ions.

Whitaker, M.↗

Electron-temperature dependence of dissociative recombination of electrons with CO/+/./CO/n-series ions

The dependence on electron temperature of the coefficients for electron recombination with molecular cluster ions of the carbon monoxide series, CO(+).(CO)n, is determined. A microwave discharge lasting approximately 0.1 msec was applied in 5-20 Torr neon containing a few tenths percent CO in an afterglow mass spectrometer apparatus, and the time histories of the various afterglow ions were measured. Expressions for the dependence of the recombination coefficients of the dimer and trimer ions CO(+).CO and CO(+).(CO)2 are obtained which are found to be significantly different from those previously obtained for hydronium and ammonium series polar cluster ions, but similar to those of simple diatomic ions.

Whitaker, M.↗

Non-thermal O/1D/ produced by dissociative recombination of O2/+/ - A theoretical model and observational results

Thermal and nonthermal O(1D) number density profiles are calculated. The two populations are assumed to be coupled by a thermalization cross-section which determines the loss and production in the nonthermal and thermal populations, respectively. The sources, sinks and transport of the two populations are used to model volume emission rate profiles at 6300 A. The 6300 A brightness measured by the Visible Airglow Experiment is then used to establish the presence of the nonthermal population and to determine the thermalization cross-section.

Schmitt, G. A.↗