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Results for “combustion modelling”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1990

Application of mixing-controlled combustion models to gas turbine combustors

Gas emissions were studied from a staged Rich Burn/Quick-Quench Mix/Lean Burn combustor were studied under test conditions encountered in High Speed Research engines. The combustor was modeled at conditions corresponding to different engine power settings, and the effect of primary dilution airflow split on emissions, flow field, flame size and shape, and combustion intensity, as well as mixing, was investigated. A mathematical model was developed from a two-equation model of turbulence, a quasi-global kinetics mechanism for the oxidation of propane, and the Zeldovich mechanism for nitric oxide formation. A mixing-controlled combustion model was used to account for turbulent mixing effects on the chemical reaction rate. This model assumes that the chemical reaction rate is much faster than the turbulent mixing rate.

Nguyen, Hung Lee↗
DOE OSTI2022

Modeling Combustion Reaction ODEs with Neural Networks

The chemistry of combustion reactions is complex as it involves many species and reactions. In practice, such a system is often modeled computationally using an empirically derived chemical mechanism. Given the large range of reaction rates, the system is then time evolved using a stiff ODE solver. However, even when reduced chemical mechanisms are employed, the system can become computationally expensive for two-dimensional or three-dimensional systems. Such systems can also face problems with instability. As such, it is desirable to find a cheaper, stable alternative to solving the reaction system. Neural networks offer the potential to learn these reaction ODEs and time evolve a combustion reaction in a more cost-efficient manner than stiff ODE solvers. In this study, a variety of neural networks are trained on zero-dimensional Cantera simulations of methane combustion with varying initial conditions. Several predictive approaches as well as several neural network architectures (artificial neural network with dropout, ResNet, and Neural ODE) are compared in their ability to predict combustion trajectories. Promising models are then identified.

combustion kinetics↗
NASA NTRS1993

An extended supersonic combustion model for the dynamic analysis of hypersonic vehicles

The development of an advanced dynamic model for aeroelastic hypersonic vehicles powered by air breathing engines requires an adequate engine model. This report provides a discussion of some of the more important features of supersonic combustion and their relevance to the analysis and design of supersonic ramjet engines. Of particular interest are those aspects of combustion that impact the control of the process. Furthermore, the report summarizes efforts to enhance the aeropropulsive/aeroelastic dynamic model developed at the Aerospace Research Center of Arizona State University by focusing on combustion and improved modeling of this flow. The expanded supersonic combustor model described here has the capability to model the effects of friction, area change, and mass addition, in addition to the heat addition process. A comparison is made of the results from four cases: (1) heat addition only; (2) heat addition plus friction; (3) heat addition, friction, and area reduction, and (4) heat addition, friction, area reduction, and mass addition. The relative impact of these effects on the Mach number, static temperature, and static pressure distributions within the combustor are then shown. Finally, the effects of frozen versus equilibrium flow conditions within the exhaust plume is discussed.

Bossard, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Modeling Combustion in Supersonic Flows

This paper discusses the progress of work to model high-speed supersonic reacting flow. The purpose of the work is to improve the state of the art of CFD capabilities for predicting the flow in high-speed propulsion systems, particularly combustor flow-paths. The program has several components including the development of advanced algorithms and models for simulating engine flowpaths as well as a fundamental experimental and diagnostic development effort to support the formulation and validation of the mathematical models. The paper will provide details of current work on experiments that will provide data for the modeling efforts along with with the associated nonintrusive diagnostics used to collect the data from the experimental flowfield. Simulation of a recent experiment to partially validate the accuracy of a combustion code is also described.

Drummond, J. Philip↗
NASA NTRS1985

Atomization data for spray combustion modeling

Computer models that simulate the energy release processes in spray combustion are highly dependent upon the quality of atomization data utilized. This paper presents results of analyses performed with a state-of-the-art rocket combustion code, demonstrating the important effects of initial droplet sizes and size distributions on combustion losses. Also, the questionable aspects and inapplicability of the generally available atomization data are discussed. One important and misunderstood aspect of the atomization process is the difference between spatial (concentration) and flux (temporal) droplet size distributions. These are addressed, and a computer model developed to assess this difference is described and results presented. Finally, experimental results are shown that demonstrate the often neglected effects of the local gas velocity field on the atomization process.

Ferrenberg, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Computational experience with a three-dimensional rotary engine combustion model

A new computer code was developed to analyze the chemically reactive flow and spray combustion processes occurring inside a stratified-charge rotary engine. Mathematical and numerical details of the new code were recently described by the present authors. The results are presented of limited, initial computational trials as a first step in a long-term assessment/validation process. The engine configuration studied was chosen to approximate existing rotary engine flow visualization and hot firing test rigs. Typical results include: (1) pressure and temperature histories, (2) torque generated by the nonuniform pressure distribution within the chamber, (3) energy release rates, and (4) various flow-related phenomena. These are discussed and compared with other predictions reported in the literature. The adequacy or need for improvement in the spray/combustion models and the need for incorporating an appropriate turbulence model are also discussed.

Raju, M. S.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Implementation of Manifold-Based Combustion Models in a Highly Scalable Low Mach Number Reacting Flow Solver: Preprint

Manifold-based representations of the thermochemistry are often employed in conjunction with large eddy eimulation (LES) to lower the cost of combustion simulations. This work describes steps taken to implement this modeling approach in PeleLM, a scalable and performance-portable low Mach number flow solver. Most significantly, this includes adapting the projection method used by PeleLM to satisfy the mass conservation constraint for use with manifold-based models. The implementation is designed to be general across manifold-based models, including both those that employ traditional tabulation and those that employ neural networks. An initial demonstration for simple test cases is presented and will be used for performance assessment.

high-performance computing↗
NASA NTRS1976

Composite propellant combustion modeling with a porous plate burner

A burner is designed to model on a large scale (millimeters) the complex vapor phase processes that take place on awkwardly small scales (about a hundred microns) in the combustion of practical AP/ composite propellants at conventional pressures. Binder vapor evolution is modeled with gaseous fuel (ethane in the experiments reported) flow through a porous plate and oxidizer vapor with the flow of a gaseous oxidizer (air and enriched air in the experiments reported) through discrete holes in the porous plate. Measured flame standoff distance and surface temperature variations are consistent with theoretical predictions at atmospheric pressure. Data obtained at several atmospheres are discussed in the light of the current theories of propellant burning that place varying emphasis on the roles of chemical kinetics and fluid dynamic diffusion/mixing in the vapor phase of a burning composite propellant. The potential and proposed future applications of the burner are indicated.

Kumar, R. N.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Heavy-Duty Low-Temperature and Diesel Combustion & Heavy-Duty Combustion Modeling (FY 2018 Annual Progress Report)

Regulatory drivers and market demands for lower pollutant emissions, lower carbon dioxide emissions, and lower fuel consumption motivate the development of clean and fuel-efficient engine operating strategies. Most current production engines use a combination of both in-cylinder and exhaust emission control strategies to achieve these goals. The emissions and efficiency performance of in-cylinder strategies depend strongly on flow and mixing processes associated with fuel injection. Both heavy- and light-duty engine/vehicle manufacturers use multiple-injection strategies to reduce noise, emissions, and fuel consumption. For both conventional and low-temperature diesel combustion, the state of knowledge and modeling tools for multiple injections are far less advanced than for single-injection strategies. Engine efficiency is limited to some degree by tradeoffs that must be accepted to meet particulate matter (including soot) emissions limits. Recent work on this project has filled some knowledge gaps on soot oxidation with multiple injections, and the current work for Fiscal Year (FY) 2018 addresses knowledge gaps on soot formation for multiple injections. While total in-cylinder soot is readily measured, discerning formation from oxidation is difficult. The FY 2018 experiments are designed to create in-cylinder conditions at the threshold of soot formation, where processes that affect soot formation can be more readily discerned. Soot formation pathways under such conditions are fraught with uncertainties, and soot models significantly overpredict polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and soot, so experimental data at these conditions will provide much needed data for improvements to PAH and soot models.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2025

A theoretical kinetic study of ĊH 3 + ṄH 2 : From electronic structure to NH 3 /CH 4 combustion modelling implications

Carbon–nitrogen interaction reactions play an important role in governing the reactivity of ammonia blended fuels. However, there remains uncertainties regarding their detailed reaction pathways and rate constants, hampering the development of high-fidelity chemical kinetic models. In this study, the kinetics of ĊH 3 + ṄH 2 , a key C–N interaction reaction in ammonia/methane blend combustion have been investigated. The potential energy surface has been explored using the high-level ANL0F method, yielding highly accurate stationary point energies that agree with ATcT values within 0.1 kcal mol –1 . Variable reaction coordinate transition state theory is used to treat the barrierless association and decomposition reaction channels, based on directly sampled radical-radical interaction energies at the CASPT2-F12(2e,2o)/cc-pVTZ-F12 level of theory. The minimum transitional mode numbers of states obtained are then coupled with the RRKM/master equation to calculate temperature- and pressure-dependent rate constants. Our a priori calculations capture available experimental measurements from the literature very well. The calculated rate constants have been incorporated into an NH 3 /CH 4 chemical kinetic model currently under development at the University of Galway. The effect of the updated kinetic data for ĊH 3 + ṄH 2 on model predicted NH 3 /CH 4 fuel reactivity is elucidated.

ab initio↗
NASA NTRS1986

Thermodynamics and combustion modeling

Modeling fluid phase phenomena blends the conservation equations of continuum mechanics with the property equations of thermodynamics. The thermodynamic contribution becomes especially important when the phenomena involve chemical reactions as they do in combustion systems. The successful study of combustion processes requires (1) the availability of accurate thermodynamic properties for both the reactants and the products of reaction and (2) the computational capabilities to use the properties. A discussion is given of some aspects of the problem of estimating accurate thermodynamic properties both for reactants and products of reaction. Also, some examples of the use of thermodynamic properties for modeling chemically reacting systems are presented. These examples include one-dimensional flow systems and the internal combustion engine.

Zeleznik, Frank J.↗
NASA NTRS1997

Spray combustion modeling

Concern over the future availability of high quality liquid fuels or use in furnaces and boilers prompted the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) to consider alternate fuels as replacements for the high grade liquid fuels used in the 1970's and 1980's. Alternate fuels were defined to be combinations of a large percentage of viscous, low volatility fuels resulting from the low end of distillation mixed with a small percentage of relatively low viscosity, high volatility fuels yielded by the high end of distillation. The addition of high volatility fuels was meant to promote desirable characteristics to a fuel that would otherwise be difficult to atomize and burn and whose combustion would yield a high amount of pollutants. Several questions thus needed to be answered before alternate fuels became commercially viable. These questions were related to fuel atomization, evaporation, ignition, combustion and pollutant formation. This final report describes the results of the most significant studies on ignition and combustion of alternative fuels.

Combustion↗
DOE OSTI2021

Soot Predictions with a Laminar Flamelet Combustion Model in SIERRA/Fuego on a Coflow Scenario

This report describes an assessment of flamelet based soot models in a laminar ethylene coflow flame with a good selection of measurements suitable for model validation. Overall flow field and temperature predictions were in good agreement with available measurements. Soot profiles were in good agreement within the flame except for near the centerline where imperfections with the acetylene-based soot-production model are expected to be greatest. The model was challenged to predict the transition between non-sooting and sooting conditions with non-negligible soot emissions predicted even down to small flow rates or flame sizes. This suggests some possible deficiency in the soot oxidation models that might alter the amount of smoke emissions from flames, though this study cannot quantify the magnitude of the effect for large fires.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗