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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Potential high-performance magnet materials: Co- and Al-alloyed Sm 2 Fe 17

Sm 2 Fe 17 has long been known as a potential high-performance magnet whose deficiencies—planar anisotropy and lower-than-optimal T c —can be remedied by nitrogen addition, but which presents synthesis difficulties. In this work, we apply first-principles calculations to search for alternative low-cost, high-performance permanent magnets in this family, by exploring simultaneous Fe and Al substitution. Specifically, the goal is to improve properties of Sm 2 Fe 14 Al 3 easy-plane magnet at the stoichiometric composition. Density functional theory calculations were executed for three series of compounds, i.e., Sm 2 (Fe 1-x Co x ) 14 Al 3 , Sm 2 (Fe 1-x Co x ) 15 Al 2 , and Sm 2 (Fe 1-x Cox) 16 Al. We find that substitution of Fe with 12–18 of Co in % Sm 2 Fe 14 Al 3 modifies the magnetic anisotropy type from easy plane to easy axis with a substantial anisotropy of 7.1 MJ/m 3 . We also demonstrate that the largest part of magnetic anisotropy is introduced by 4f Sm atom electrons. Thus the rotation of magnetic moment orientation from $\langle$$1\bar10$$\rangle$ to $\langle$111$\rangle$ is followed by an increase of the occupied 4f state number and, as a result, the orbital part of the magnetic moment of one of the Sm atoms. This increase of the occupied 4f state number at an energy ~ -4.3 eV results in a significant reduction of band structure energy. The substitution of Fe by Co does not significantly reduce the magnetization of the compound and keeps it slightly above 1 T. This combination of magnetic anisotropy and magnetization makes the compound a promising candidate for a permanent magnet.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(Al2Cu)4 by Materials Project

Sm(CuAl2)4 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Cu and twelve Al atoms. All Sm–Cu bond lengths are 3.38 Å. There are four shorter (3.08 Å) and eight longer (3.23 Å) Sm–Al bond lengths. Cu is bonded to two equivalent Sm, two equivalent Cu, and eight Al atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing CuSm2Al8Cu2 cuboctahedra. Both Cu–Cu bond lengths are 2.58 Å. There are four shorter (2.57 Å) and four longer (2.70 Å) Cu–Al bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to one Sm, four equivalent Cu, and five Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.67–2.82 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Sm, four equivalent Cu, and six Al atoms. Both Al–Al bond lengths are 2.75 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(Sn3Ru2)2 by Materials Project

Sm(Ru2Sn3)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I-42m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Ru and twelve Sn atoms. All Sm–Ru bond lengths are 3.30 Å. There are a spread of Sm–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.39–3.77 Å. Ru is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to one Sm, two equivalent Ru, and six Sn atoms. Both Ru–Ru bond lengths are 2.85 Å. There are a spread of Ru–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.80 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ru atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ru atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(MnAl2)4 by Materials Project

Sm(MnAl2)4 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Mn and twelve Al atoms. All Sm–Mn bond lengths are 3.39 Å. There are four shorter (3.00 Å) and eight longer (3.28 Å) Sm–Al bond lengths. Mn is bonded to two equivalent Sm, two equivalent Mn, and eight Al atoms to form distorted MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, corners with ten equivalent MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra. Both Mn–Mn bond lengths are 2.59 Å. There are four shorter (2.57 Å) and four longer (2.68 Å) Mn–Al bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to one Sm, four equivalent Mn, and five Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.77–2.85 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded to two equivalent Sm, four equivalent Mn, and six Al atoms to form distorted AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, corners with ten equivalent AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, edges with three equivalent AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, faces with seven equivalent AlSm2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent MnSm2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra. Both Al–Al bond lengths are 2.84 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(PIr)2 by Materials Project

SmIr2P2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/nmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Ir and eight P atoms. There are four shorter (3.19 Å) and four longer (3.24 Å) Sm–Ir bond lengths. There are four shorter (3.12 Å) and four longer (3.15 Å) Sm–P bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Ir sites. In the first Ir site, Ir is bonded to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent P atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and face-sharing IrSm4P4 cuboctahedra. All Ir–P bond lengths are 2.48 Å. In the second Ir site, Ir is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and five P atoms. There are four shorter (2.35 Å) and one longer (2.37 Å) Ir–P bond lengths. There are two inequivalent P sites. In the first P site, P is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ir atoms. In the second P site, P is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and five Ir atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

New loading method for high precision Sm isotope analysis of nuclear materials using thermal ionization mass spectrometry

This work demonstrates an analytical protocol for high precision Sm isotope analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) using a Pt activator. Here, the method permits precise measurements of small aliquots (1–20 ng) of Sm on single Re filament using a modified static-total evaporation technique. This study represents the first attempt to use such protocols for Sm isotope analyses while reducing the loading size of Sm for TIMS. The method could potentially be deployed to study geological, meteorites and lunar samples containing low Sm concentrations, to monitor neutron irradiation exposure based on 149,150 Sm, or to measure Sm isotopic composition in other types of nuclear samples.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2022

Mechanically Robust High Magnetic Performance Sm-Co Sintered Magnets (Final Report)

Samarium-cobalt based permanent magnets (SmCo 5 and Sm 2 Co 17 ) have excellent magnetic properties, good corrosion resistance, and long-term thermal stability. Sm-Co sintered magnets have been widely used in electric machines, telecommunication, biomedical devices, and magnetic sensors. They are the most preferred magnets for high-temperature applications (200 - 550 °C). However, Sm-Co sintered magnets are brittle. They cannot be used for applications subjected to high stress, vibration, or mechanical shock. Sm-Co sintered magnets are prone to chipping, and fracture in the course of block magnet manufacturing, part machining, assembly, and operation. The brittleness leads to a magnet production loss of up to 20-30% in volume and imposes limitations on part size and shape. Developing mechanically robust high-performance Sm-Co sintered magnets is of great scientific and technical significance. This project is in response to the current market need for mechanically robust high magnetic performance Sm-Co sintered magnets and their novel manufacturing processes. The project will focus on scaling-up, validation, and technology maturation study of the mechanically tough high magnetic performance Sm-Co magnets developed by Ames Laboratory at a lab-scale with the collaboration of the industry partner Electron Energy Corporation (EEC).

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(GaPd)2 by Materials Project

Sm(PdGa)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Pd and eight equivalent Ga atoms. All Sm–Pd bond lengths are 3.38 Å. All Sm–Ga bond lengths are 3.28 Å. Pd is bonded to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ga atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing PdSm4Ga4 tetrahedra. All Pd–Ga bond lengths are 2.53 Å. Ga is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm, four equivalent Pd, and one Ga atom. The Ga–Ga bond length is 2.55 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(GePd)2 by Materials Project

Sm(PdGe)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Pd and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Sm–Pd bond lengths are 3.34 Å. All Sm–Ge bond lengths are 3.30 Å. Pd is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ge atoms. All Pd–Ge bond lengths are 2.53 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm, four equivalent Pd, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.48 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(GeRh)2 by Materials Project

Sm(RhGe)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Rh and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Sm–Rh bond lengths are 3.35 Å. All Sm–Ge bond lengths are 3.22 Å. Rh is bonded to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ge atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing RhSm4Ge4 tetrahedra. All Rh–Ge bond lengths are 2.47 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm, four equivalent Rh, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.58 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(NiGe)2 by Materials Project

Sm(NiGe)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ni and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Sm–Ni bond lengths are 3.21 Å. All Sm–Ge bond lengths are 3.18 Å. Ni is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ge atoms. All Ni–Ge bond lengths are 2.37 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm, four equivalent Ni, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.57 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(AlZn)2 by Materials Project

Sm(ZnAl)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Zn and eight equivalent Al atoms. All Sm–Zn bond lengths are 3.19 Å. All Sm–Al bond lengths are 3.45 Å. Zn is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm, one Zn, and four equivalent Al atoms. The Zn–Zn bond length is 2.43 Å. All Zn–Al bond lengths are 2.59 Å. Al is bonded to four equivalent Sm, four equivalent Zn, and four equivalent Al atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing AlSm4Al4Zn4 cuboctahedra. All Al–Al bond lengths are 2.95 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(NiSn)2 by Materials Project

Sm(NiSn)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ni and eight equivalent Sn atoms. All Sm–Ni bond lengths are 3.42 Å. All Sm–Sn bond lengths are 3.42 Å. Ni is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent Sn atoms. All Ni–Sn bond lengths are 2.51 Å. Sn is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm, four equivalent Ni, and one Sn atom. The Sn–Sn bond length is 2.83 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(ClO4)3 by Materials Project

Sm(O4Cl)3 crystallizes in the trigonal R3c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Sm–O bond distances ranging from 2.42–2.52 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Sm and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.48 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Sm and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.47 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.42 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Sm and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.48 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(Mg4Al3)4 by Materials Project

Sm(Mg4Al3)4 crystallizes in the cubic I-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Mg sites. In the first Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Mg, one Sm, and six equivalent Al atoms. All Mg–Mg bond lengths are 3.02 Å. The Mg–Sm bond length is 3.29 Å. All Mg–Al bond lengths are 3.18 Å. In the second Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to seven Mg and five equivalent Al atoms. There are two shorter (3.10 Å) and four longer (3.17 Å) Mg–Mg bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Al bond distances ranging from 2.85–3.17 Å. Sm is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Mg and twelve equivalent Al atoms. All Sm–Al bond lengths are 3.24 Å. Al is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to seven Mg, one Sm, and three equivalent Al atoms. There are one shorter (2.72 Å) and two longer (2.80 Å) Al–Al bond lengths.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(ClO)3 by Materials Project

SmOCl3O2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of four hydrogen peroxide molecules and two SmOCl3 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each SmOCl3 sheet, Sm is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to two equivalent O and five Cl atoms. There are one shorter (2.34 Å) and one longer (2.46 Å) Sm–O bond lengths. There are a spread of Sm–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.61–2.86 Å. O is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent Sm atoms. There are two inequivalent Cl sites. In the first Cl site, Cl is bonded in a water-like geometry to two equivalent Sm atoms. In the second Cl site, Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sm atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(Ge2Rh3)2 by Materials Project

Sm(Rh3Ge2)2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P-6m2 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded to six equivalent Rh and six equivalent Ge atoms to form face-sharing SmGe6Rh6 cuboctahedra. All Sm–Rh bond lengths are 3.17 Å. All Sm–Ge bond lengths are 3.14 Å. There are two inequivalent Rh sites. In the first Rh site, Rh is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Ge atoms. There are one shorter (2.50 Å) and four longer (2.57 Å) Rh–Ge bond lengths. In the second Rh site, Rh is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Sm and four Ge atoms. There are two shorter (2.49 Å) and two longer (2.56 Å) Rh–Ge bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Ge sites. In the first Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Rh atoms. In the second Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Sm and six Rh atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm(BIr)2 by Materials Project

Sm(IrB)2 is alpha Pu-derived structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Fddd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ir and six equivalent B atoms. There are four shorter (3.08 Å) and four longer (3.27 Å) Sm–Ir bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.02 Å) and four longer (3.15 Å) Sm–B bond lengths. Ir is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Sm and four equivalent B atoms. There are two shorter (2.09 Å) and two longer (2.18 Å) Ir–B bond lengths. B is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Sm and four equivalent Ir atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗