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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1971

Detonation of insensitive high explosives by a Q-switched ruby laser.

Immediate longitudinal detonations have been observed in confined small-diameter columns of PETN, RDX, and tetryl by using a focused Q-switched ruby laser. The energy ranged from 0.8 to 4.0 J in a pulse width of 25 nsec. A 1000-A-thick aluminum film deposited on a glass window was used to generate a shock wave at the window-explosive interface when irradiated by the laser. In some cases, steady-state detonations were reached in less than .5 microsec with less than 10% variation in the detonation velocity.

Yang, L. C.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Stress waves generated in thin metallic films by a Q-switched ruby laser

Investigation results on stress waves generated by Q-switched ruby laser irradiated thin metal films under confinement, studied over a wide range of film materials and film thicknesses, are reviewed. The results indicate that the dependence on these parameters is much weaker than is predicted by heat transfer estimations commonly used to describe the interaction of laser irradiation with unconfined bulk-solid surfaces.

Yang, L. C.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Ruby laser induced emission from NO2

Two different types of emission from excited NO2 were observed using pulsed ruby laser light at 6943 A. The first type of fluorescence was seen in the near IR and results from the single photon excitation of NO2 from the ground 2-A1 state. By observing the emission as a function of time an unexpected behavior was observed in the near IR and could be explained by a consecutive deactivation mechanism, wherein a secondary species is preferentially detected. A second type of emission recently observed in the blue spectral region is weaker and is due to a multiphoton process. The intensity of the blue emission is a function of the cube of the laser intensity at low pressures and approaches the square at high pressures. This variation is attributed to simultaneous deactivation of the excited NO2 intermediate by collision (square) and by anti-Stokes Raman scattering off of the excited NO2 (cube).

Hakala, D. F.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Ruby c-axis alignment system

System locates C-axis of ruby slab fabricated for maser application to within + or - 3 minutes of arc at room temperature easier and faster than conventional procedures.

Clauss, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Linear ruby scale and one megabar

The accuracy and validity of certain techniques used in studying high-pressure transitions have been investigated. Experiments which place upper limits of about 20 GPa and about 50 GPa on pressures practically attainable using uniaxial supported opposed anvil devices with tungsten carbide pistons and uniaxial opposed flat anvil diamond devices, respectively, are reported. Direct static determinations of the transition pressures of GaP by two different methods are described. The values obtained indicate that the linear ruby scale increasingly overestimates the transition pressure as the pressure rises above 10 GPa. It is further shown that the use of shock-based marker materials, such as silver, as the basis of pressure measurement in X-ray diffraction studies leads to bulk moduli of cubic carbides which are in extreme disagreement with expected values.

Ruoff, A. L.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Picosecond excite-and-probe absorption measurement of the 4T2 state nonradiative lifetime in ruby

In a picosecond excite-and-probe absorption measurement, a 527-nm picosecond pulse excites the 4T2 state of the Cr(3+) ion in ruby and a 3.4-micron picosecond probe pulse monitors the growth and decay of population in the 2E state as a function of pump-probe delay. From the growth of population in the metastable 2E state, an upper limit of 7 ps for the nonradiative lifetime of the 4T2 state is determined.

Gayen, S. K.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Nd:YAG and ruby based lidar systems for remote sensing of atmospheric aerosols

The application of solid-state lasers to the study of stratospheric and tropospheric aerosols is analyzed. A 48-inch mobile lidar which operates in the 0.6943, 1.06, 0.3472, and 0.5300 micron ranges is utilized to monitor the stratosphere. The detectors of the system consist of photomultipliers, and the dual-channel, computer-based data-acquisition-system which provides on-line plotting of scattering ratio profiles. The components of the 14-inch aperture, dual-wavelength airborne lidar system that operates with ruby and Nd:YAG transmitters are described. An 8-inch, down-looking airborne lidar with silicon diode or photomultiplier detectors was developed. The capabilities of the system alone and when combined with the 14-inch lidar are discussed. Examples of the data provided by the three lidar systems are presented, revealing the reliability and operational efficiency of the systems.

Fuller, W. H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Bistable polarization switching in a continuous wave ruby laser

Bistability in the output power, polarization state, and mode volume of an argon-ion laser pumped single mode ruby laser at 6943 A has been observed. The laser operates in a radially confined mode which exhibits hysteresis and bistability only when the pump polarization is parallel to the c-axis.

Lawandy, N. M.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Using Ruby Balls As Fiducial Marks

Combination of basic and advanced techniques yields new capability for inspection. In new technique, surface first inspected with fluorescent penetrant dye to reveal flaws. Ruby ball of known diameter placed near flaw having to be measured. Flaw and ball observed through magnifying video system that can "freeze" image.

Painter, Nance M.↗
NASA NTRS1994

A dual-cavity ruby maser for the Ka-band link experiment

A 33.68-GHz dual-cavity ruby maser was built to support the Ka-Band Link Experiment (KABLE) conducted with the Mars Observer spacecraft. It has 25 dB of net gain and a 3-dB bandwidth of 85 MHz. Its noise temperature in reference to the cooled feedhorn aperture is 5 K.

Shell, J.↗
NASA NTRS1979

A reflected-wave ruby maser with K-band tuning range and large instantaneous bandwidth

A novel maser concept is outlined and a unique design described which permits wide bandwidth and waveguide tuning range by employing four stages cascaded via cryogenically cooled circulators. Theoretical considerations for gain, bandwidth, gain ripple, and noise temperature are included. Operated on a closed-cycle helium refrigerator with a superconducting persistence-mode magnet, the four-stage amplifier is tunable from 18.3 to 26.6 GHz with 30 dB of net gain and achieves 240 MHz of 3-dB bandwidth near the center of this band. The measured noise temperature is 13 + or - 2 K referred to the room-temperature input flange. Applications are foreseen utilizing cooled parametric downconverters and upconverters with this amplifier at IF to extend the low-noise performance up to millimeter frequencies and down to L-band for radio astronomy and planetary spacecraft communications.

Moore, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1980

A precision bearing gimbal system for the Teal Ruby program

A precision bearing gimbal system designed to allow a spaceborne infrared sensor to stare at points on the Earth while in orbit is described. The problems encountered, analytical tools and test methods used, and data applicable to users of similar systems are presented. Assembly procedures, bearing preload effects, moisture control, structural analysis, and noise control are specifically examined.

Lowry, C. H.↗