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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1977

Annual Report to the NASA Administrator by the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel on the Space Shuttle Program. Part 2: Summary of Information Developed in the Panel's Fact-Finding Activities

The panel focused its attention on those areas that are considered most significant for flight success and safety. Elements required for the Approach and Landing Test Program, the Orbital Flight Test Program, and those management systems and their implementation which directly affect safety, reliability, and quality control, were investigated. Ground facilities and the training programs for the ground and flight crews were studied. Of special interest was the orbiter thermal protection subsystems.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2012

Maynard Participation in Alaska Forum on the Environment Panel Discussion on Increasing Input to the US National Climate Assessment (NCA) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Processes from Alaska, with Emphasis on Indigenous Peoples Issues

Dr. Nancy Maynard was invited by the Alaska Forum on the Environment to participate in a Panel Discussion to discuss (1) background about what the US NCA and International IPCC assessments are, (2) the impact the assessments have on policy-making, (3) the process for participation in both assessments, (4) how we can increase participation by Indigenous Peoples such as Native Americans and Alaska Natives, (5) How we can increase historical and current impacts input from Native communities through stories, oral history, "grey" literature, etc. The session will be chaired by Dr. Bull Bennett, a cochair of the US NCA's chapter on "Native and Tribal Lands and Resources" and Dr. Maynard is the other co-chair of that chapter and they will discuss the latest activities under the NCA process relevant to Native Americans and Alaska Natives. Dr. Maynard is also a Lead Author of the "Polar Regions" chapter of the IPCC WG2 (5th Assessment) and she will describes some of the latest approaches by the IPCC to entrain more Indigenous peoples into the IPCC process.

Maynard, Nancy G.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Panel Session 32: Panel: Bringing First-of-a-Kind Treatment Facilities On-Line: Idaho IWTU Commissioning Approach (2/5)

This panel discussed the activities of bringing a first-of-a-kind treatment facility online: The Integrated Waste Treatment Unit (IWTU). The design was designed to treat 900,000 gallons of sodium-bearing liquid waste. Construction of this first-of-a-kind treatment facility was completed in 2012. A new approach was adopted in 2016 after multiple challenges were encountered during facility commissioning. This session focused on the Integrated Waste Treatment Unit (IWTU), which was constructed to convert the remaining 900,000 gallons of liquid sodium-bearing waste at the Idaho National Laboratory Site, Idaho, USA, to a granular solid. The liquid waste was generated during historic spent nuclear fuel reprocessing campaigns at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center and was transferred to three underground storage tanks. The waste was not first-cycle waste but was rather the liquid rinse waste from flushing waste transfer lines between reprocessing runs. IWTU will employ a steam-reforming process to treat the liquid waste. The resulting granular solid will be transferred to stainless steel canisters and then to concrete vaults, which will be stored on site until an off-site national geologic repository is available to accept the waste. Presentation proposed: Bringing First-of-a-Kind Treatment Facilities On-Line: Idaho IWTU Commissioning Approach (Joel Case, US DOE (USA), Leo Thompson, Sterling Engineering and Consulting Group, LLC (USA), Joseph Giebel, Fluor Idaho, LLC (USA), Richard Boardman, Idaho National Laboratory (USA), Kevin O'Neill, US DOE (USA))

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2019

Panel Session 35: Panel: Graduating Students and New Scientists and Engineers - Wants and Needs - Are Companies Even Listening?

This panel focuses on new hires, graduating scientists and engineers having open lines of communication with employers. Considering the projected shortfalls in the workforce, effective communication of wants and needs of both the employer and employee must exist. Do these needs differ between industries and/or generations? Currently, it seems that both sides must work harder to achieve this level of communication. With this new approach, both sides can express their wants and needs for a more satisfied workforce and a better work environment. Presentations proposed include: 1 - Graduating Students and New Engineers - Wants and Needs - Are 'National Labs' Even Listening? (Michelle Bingham, Idaho National Laboratory (USA)); 2 - Graduating Students and New Engineers - Wants and Needs - Are Companies Even Listening? (Alexander Pappas, Washington River Protection Solutions (USA)); 3 - Graduating Students and New Engineers - Wants and Needs - Are the Government Agencies Even Listening? (Lisa Phillips, US DOE (USA)); 4 - Graduating Students and New Engineers - Wants and Needs - Are Companies Even Listening? (Silvina Di Pietro, Applied Research Center - FIU (USA), Ximena Lugo, Applied Research Center - FIU (USA))

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2012

Centralized and Modular Architectures for Photovoltaic Panels with Improved Efficiency: Preprint

The most common type of photovoltaic installation in residential applications is the centralized architecture, but the performance of a centralized architecture is adversely affected when it is subject to partial shading effects due to clouds or surrounding obstacles, such as trees. An alternative modular approach can be implemented using several power converters with partial throughput powerprocessing capability. This paper presents a detailed study of these two architectures for the same throughput power level and compares the overall efficiencies using a set of rapidly changing real solar irradiance data collected by the Solar Radiation Research Laboratory at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Improving solar panel durability through novel panel designs and advanced manufacturing equipment

Work in the project was spread across 4 main themes:1) Improved Understanding of Why Cracks Form and Cause Degradation in Solar Cells: We developed a finite element model which correlated well with experimental determined deflection vs load profiles and which predicted stress profiles vs load level and temperature. These profiles helped to guide brace designs and showed the high stress levels seen in the silicon near the interconnect wire locations as the temperature is cooled below -30C, likely forming "invisible" microcracks. Experiments showed how for polymer backsheet modules, a brief exposure to such low temperatures made modules extremely sensitive to propagation of these microcracks at relatively low load levels, and how thicker and softer encapsulant helped to reduce this crack sensitivity. We showed for some modules that most cracks that are seen under loading had their origin at short, hard to see, V-cracks from soldering damage, and how the shunting from cells with high densities of cracks reduces energy delivery more than Pmax. 2) Improved Durability Testing Methods With Respect to Cracked Cells: We lobbied the PV community throughout the project that IEC 61215 was insufficient to probe the sensitivity of module Pmax degradation due to cracks in that in did not have a test leg that included a crack creation step (static loading) followed by a crack opening step (cyclic loading and/or thermal cycling). We published extensively on how pre- existing cracks opened up with cyclic loading. The new IEC TS 63209-1 ED1 test sequence now include our recommendations, and this should lead to improved module designs and reduced risk for investors. We also published recommendations for a new "Cold Climate Test" sequence to probe the sensitivity of modules to degradation from short microcracks formed when modules see temperatures below -30C followed by front side loading. We participated in several USTAG meetings related to cracked cells, EL testing, and mechanical load testing and provided input to the group to improve new standards under consideration. We also showed how the act of performing an EL test can affect the test results due to heating from the injected current. 3) New Module Designs and Related Manufacturing Methods & Equipment: We demonstrated reduced crack sensitivity on encapsulated cell coupons the benefits of building protective compressive stress into the cells by laminating them in a bent state and then allowing the coupon to flatten out after lamination. Our attempts to scale this to the module level with a more manufacturable sequence did not demonstrate the same positive effects, but we hope that others will follow up with other variations on this bent lamination or bent cooling concept to make more durable modules. 4) New Module Mounting Designs: We explored a range of bracing concepts which pressed on the backsheet to slightly bow the glass outward and place cells in a state of protective compressive stress and to reduce the deflection under front side loads. These successfully reduced cell cracking and crack opening, but high static loads permanently deformed cost-effective braces, after which they provided little benefit. We settled on an elegant & effective solution – the RailPad, where lightweight bracing elements are placed between the mounting rail(s) and the backsheet, and the existing strength of the rails is used to prevent module deflection under load. New construction and retrofit designs were made, and test sites were implemented in FL and MA. We applied for RailPad patent protection.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS1979

Recommendations of the panels: Panel on in-flight measurements

The attenuation factor for aircraft other than the B-747 in reducing the ambient ozone concentrations which enter the cabin is obtained. The need to continue NASA Global Air Sampling Program measurements was expressed for three main purposes; testing new filters, correlation of complaints with ozone levels, and ambient ozone data. The need to continue cooperation between NASA and industry is indicated. Concern with regard to the correlation of ozone levels and complaints was given. The need to measure the variability of ozone within the aircraft cabin was investigated. The requirement for an onboard ozone monitor on all aircraft is discussed.

Rogers, J.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Recommendations of the panels: Panel on flight planning to avoid high ozone

Flights planned or accomplished during certain months of the year at the higher latitudes and altitudes at or above the tropopause are discussed. Cabin ozone level limitations are established, and additional information is required for more accurate and qualtitative forecasting and design data base for operational utilization. Better tropopause heights, ozone concentration and corresponding meteorological data along selected flight routes, and meteorological data were investigated.

Mohnen, V. A.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Recommendations of the panels: Panel on ozone destruction techniques

Catalyst materials to reduce weight, size, and cost of the ozone removal device were developed. Catalyst bed lifetime, competitive reactivity contaminants in the inlet air on the catalyst bed efficiency for ozone removal, and the kinetics and mechanism by which ozone is destroyed on selected catalysts were studied.

Wydeven, T.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Annual report to the NASA Administrator by the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel on the space shuttle program. Part 2: Summary of information developed in the panel's fact-finding activities

Safety management areas of concern include the space shuttle main engine, shuttle avionics, orbiter thermal protection system, the external tank program, and the solid rocket booster program. The ground test program and ground support equipment system were reviewed. Systems integration and technical 'conscience' were of major priorities for the investigating teams.

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