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Notes on nonlinear shell theory.

Nonlinear membrane shell theory and small perturbations of pressurized membrane shells, noting bending, buckling and vibration of stressed shells

Budiansky, B.↗

A note on the Kapitza resistance.

Kinetic theory model for heat transfer across liquid He 2 boundary in contact with metal, noting agreement with Kapitza thermal resistance theory

Abbe, W. J.↗

Apollo 14 lunar photography. Part 1: Data user's note

The availability of Apollo 14 pictorial data is announced to aid investigators in the selection of Apollo 14 photographs for study. Guidance in the interpretation of the photographs is provided. As background information, the note includes brief descriptions of the Apollo 14 mission objectives, photographic equipment, and photographic coverage and quality. The National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) can provide the photographs described.

Anderson, A. T.↗

A note on 'The main problem of satellite theory for small eccentricities, by A. Deprit and A. Rom, 1970.'

Criticism of Deprit and Rom's (1970) extension of Brouwer's (1959) first-order satellite theory to the third order in J sub 2. It is noted that Deprit and Rom's theory suffers from the drawback that the perturbations of all orders are expressed as infinite power series in the eccentricity e. It is demonstrated that Deprit and Rom's reported failure to extend Brouwer's theory to the second order in a closed form by means of Lie transforms is due to an oversight and is not caused by difficulties inherent in the problem or in the particular perturbation method used.

Aksnes, K.↗

A note on velocity-related series expansions in the two-body problem

The present note describes a few important series expansions in the two-body problem. They are related to the magnitude v of the velocity vector and are important for the treatment of atmospheric drag by the method of general perturbations. These series have been obtained with computerized Poisson series manipulations. The results are given to order seven in the eccentricity, for both the mean anomaly and the true anomaly.

Broucke, R.↗

A note on optimal filtering in the presence of unknown biases

This note considers some aspects of the optimal filtering problem for linear processes in the presence of unknown biases in the input and the observations. It is proved via duality that the optimal filtering problem in the presence of an input bias is equivalent to a certain optimal regulator problem incorporating integral feedback. The question of observability of the augmented system used in the state and bias estimation is answered by deriving necessary and sufficient conditions when bias is present (1) in the input, (2) in the observations and (3) both in the input and the observations.

Joshi, S. M.↗

A note on the consistency of maximum likelihood estimates for finite families of stochastic processes

The note considers families of stochastic processes indexed by a finite number of alternative parameter values. For general classes of stochastic processes, it is shown that maximum-likelihood estimates converge almost surely to the correct parameter value. This is established by use of a submartingale property of the sequence of maximized-likelihood ratios together with a technique first employed by Wald (1949) in the case of independent identically distributed random variables.

Caines, P. E.↗

A note on Hansen's coefficients in satellite theory

General formulas for Hansen's coefficients in satellite theory are derived along with expressions for the eccentricity functions G and H. Recurrence relations for the eccentricity functions and their derivatives are obtained which are valid for all values of the parameter p. It is noted that the recurrence relations obtained by Challe and Laclaverie (1969) as well as by Balmino (1973) do not satisfy certain parity conditions and therefore involve coefficients outside the range of usage.

Giacaglia, G. E. O.↗

A note on the problem of jet stream formation

It is noted that the formation of 'jet streams', or narrow ringlike structures of small particles, in early planetary and satellite systems cannot result solely from inelastic collisions among the small particles. The possibility is considered that gravitational encounters between the particles will perturb them into more eccentric orbits and thus maintain the orbital coupling between particles (or jet streams) in neighboring orbits. It is found that when the gravitational effect of the particles is taken into account, the average eccentricity of the particles increases as agglomeration due to inelastic collisions proceeds. With respect to jet-stream formation, it is suggested that the ever-increasing orbital eccentricity of the particles will aid in coupling together the different 'sub-jet streams', so that large-scale orbital focusing toward the center of the whole system can continue. Alternative mechanisms leading to planetary accretion are briefly discussed.

Ip, W.-H.↗

Brief note for consideration of active seismic exploration on Mars

Considerable controversy has arisen regarding the existence of water and water ice below the surface of Mars. Results of laboratory internal friction measurements on strongly outgassed rocks, recently made as part of an effort to interpret the high seismic Q values observed in the lunar crust, show that moisture absorbed in pores and cracks causes the low Q values. Unfortunately, the Viking seismology investigation found a surprisingly inactive planet. This note makes the case for active seismic exploration in order to ascertain the existence of liquid water in the crust from Q determinations.

Tittmann, B. R.↗

Hand-held radiometry: A set of notes developed for use at the Workshop of Hand-held radiometry

A set of notes was developed to aid the beginner in hand-held radiometry. The electromagnetic spectrum is reviewed, and pertinent terms are defined. View areas of multiband radiometers are developed to show the areas of coincidence of adjacent bands. The amounts of plant cover seen by radiometers having different fields of view are described. Vegetation indices are derived and discussed. Response functions of several radiometers are shown and applied to spectrometer data taken over 12 wheat plots, to provide a comparison of instruments and bands within and among instruments. The calculation of solar time is reviewed and applied to the calculation of the local time of LANDSAT satellite overpasses for any particular location in the Northern Hemisphere. The use and misuse of hand-held infrared thermometers are discussed, and a procedure for photographic determination of plant cover is described. Some suggestions are offered concerning procedures to be followed when collecting hand-held spectral and thermal data. A list of references pertinent to hand-held radiometry is included.

Jackson, R. D.↗

A note on the statistics of early-type close binaries

A degree of contact index (I sub c) is defined, and its frequency diagram is given for 16 early-type close binaries. The objective is to determine whether the numbers of such systems are continuous or discontinuous across marginal contact. Data for four of the systems (TU Mus, V499 Sco, Delta Pic, and SZ Cam) derive from new photometric analyses, the results of which are also given. Present results indicate that there is continuity in frequency across marginal contact, although it would be desirable to include more binaries as further observations become available. It is noted that the only two systems in the bin of largest I sub c are known to be in the rapid phase of mass transfer.

Wilson, R. E.↗