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NASA NTRS2017

Quantifying TOLNet Ozone Lidar Accuracy During the 2014 DISCOVER-AQ and FRAPPE Campaigns

The Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) is a unique network of lidar systems that measure high-resolution atmospheric profiles of ozone. The accurate characterization of these lidars is necessary to determine the uniformity of the network calibration. From July to August 2014, three lidars, the TROPospheric OZone (TROPOZ) lidar, the Tunable Optical Profiler for Aerosol and oZone (TOPAZ) lidar, and the Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL), of TOLNet participated in the Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) mission and the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPA) to measure ozone variations from the boundary layer to the top of the troposphere. This study presents the analysis of the intercomparison between the TROPOZ, TOPAZ, and LMOL lidars, along with comparisons between the lidars and other in situ ozone instruments including ozonesondes and a P-3B airborne chemiluminescence sensor. The TOLNet lidars measured vertical ozone structures with an accuracy generally better than +/-15 % within the troposphere. Larger differences occur at some individual altitudes in both the near-field and far-field range of the lidar systems, largely as expected. In terms of column average, the TOLNet lidars measured ozone with an accuracy better than +/-5 % for both the intercomparison between the lidars and between the lidars and other instruments. These results indicate that these three TOLNet lidars are suitable for use in air quality, satellite validation, and ozone modeling efforts.

TOLNet↗

NASA NTRS2000

GLOW: The Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds

GLOW (Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds) is a mobile Doppler lidar system which uses direct detection Doppler lidar techniques to measure wind profiles from the surface into the lower stratosphere. The system is contained in a modified van to allow deployment in field operations. The lidar system uses a Nd:YAG laser transmitter to measure winds using either aerosol backscatter at 1064 nm or molecular backscatter at 355 nm. The receiver telescope is a 45 cm Dall-Kirkham which is fiber coupled to separate Doppler receivers, one optimized for the aerosol backscatter wind measurement and another optimized for the molecular backscatter wind measurement. The receivers are implementations of the 'double edge' technique and use high spectral resolution Fabry-Perot etalons to measure the Doppler shift. A 45 cm aperture azimuth-over-elevation scanner is mounted on the roof of the van to allow full sky access and a variety of scanning options. GLOW is intended to be used as a deployable field system for studying atmospheric dynamics and transport and can also serve as a testbed to evaluate candidate technologies developed for use in future spaceborne systems. In addition, it can be used for calibration/validation activities following launch of spaceborne wind lidar systems. A description of the mobile system is presented along with the examples of lidar wind profiles obtained with the system.

Gentry, Bruce M.↗

NASA NTRS2000

GLOW- The Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds

Gentry, Bruce M.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Long-range Transport of Siberian Biomass Burning Emissions to North America During FIREX-AQ

Biomass burning from wildfires is a significant global source of aerosol and trace gases which impact air quality, tropospheric and stratospheric composition, and climate. During the summer of 2019, wildfire activity in central and eastern Siberia occurred during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign conducted between July 24 and September 6, 2019. Ground-based lidar observations from the Autonomous Mobile Ozone Lidar for Tropospheric Experiments (AMOLITE) system in Alberta, Canada retrieved frequent anomalous ozone (O3) and aerosol lamina in the troposphere and lower stratosphere during this campaign. Data from NASA’s GEOS Composition Forecast (GEOS-CF) coupled chemistry meteorology model, TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), and ground-based insitu data were used to define the trans-Pacific and trans-Arctic transport pathway of Siberian biomass burning emissions resulting in the enhanced O3 and aerosol lamina observed by AMOLITE in western Canada. Siberian wildfires impacted North American air quality resulting in enhancements of hourly-averaged surface carbon monoxide (CO) (total CO >150 ppb) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) (>20 μg m-3) in western Canada, however, minimal increases in surface-level O3 were measured as well as modeled by GEOS-CF. The impact in western Canada due to Siberian wildfires was much larger in the free troposphere, demonstrated by GEOS-CF and AMOLITE O3 lamina 30–40 ppb above background values and model-predicted PM2.5 lamina >30 μg m-3. In addition to tropospheric composition effects, the large wildfire activity in Siberia may have influenced the stratosphere as data from AMOLITE, CALIPSO, and GEOS-CF all suggested aerosol layers from the fires were located 13–18 km above ground level (agl). This study shows that the Siberian biomass burning emissions in the summer of 2019 impacted tropospheric/stratospheric composition in western Canada, and potentially could have influenced areas in the vicinity of FIREX-AQ airborne measurements, and future studies of FIREX-AQ chemical composition should consider how this long-range transport could have influenced the background trace gas and aerosol concentrations being investigated.

Biomass↗

NASA NTRS1998

The Ny-Alesund aerosol and ozone measurements intercomparison campaign 1997/1998 (NAOMI-1998)

An intercomparison campaign for Lidar measurements of stratospheric ozone and aerosol has been conducted at the Primary Station of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC) in Ny-Alesund/Spitsbergen during January-February 1998. In addition to local instrumentation, the NDSC mobile ozone lidar from NASA/GSFC and the mobile aerosol lidar from Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) participated. The aim is the validation of stratospheric ozone and aerosol profile measurements according to NDSC guidelines. This paper briefly presents the employed instruments and outlines the campaign. Results of the blind intercomparison of ozone profiles are given in a companion paper and temperature measurements are described in this issue.

Neuber, R.↗

NASA NTRS2001

Tropospheric Wind Measurements Obtained with the Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds (GLOW): Validation and Performance

The Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds (GLOW) is a mobile Doppler lidar system which uses direct detection Doppler lidar techniques to measure wind profiles from the surface into the lower stratosphere. GLOW is intended to be used as a field deployable system for studying atmospheric dynamics and transport and can also serve as a testbed to evaluate candidate technologies developed for use in future spaceborne systems. In September of 2000 GLOW participated in a three week intercomparison experiment at the GroundWinds facility in North Glen, NE. More than 50 hours of line-of-sight wind profile data was obtained in a wide variety of conditions including both day and night operation. Typical clear air lidar wind profiles extended to altitudes of 20 km with a 1 Ian vertical resolution and I minute averaging. A description of the mobile system is presented along with the examples of lidar wind profiles obtained with the Goddard system during the New Hampshire experiment.

Gentry, Bruce M.↗

NASA NTRS2001

Tropospheric Wind Measurements Obtained with the Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds (GLOW): Validation and Performance

The Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds (GLOW) is a mobile Doppler lidar system which uses direct detection Doppler lidar techniques to measure wind profiles from the surface into the lower stratosphere. GLOW is intended to be used as a field deployable system for studying atmospheric dynamics and transport and can also serve as a testbed to evaluate candidate technologies developed for use in future spaceborne systems. In September of 2000 GLOW participated in a three week intercomparison experiment at the GroundWinds facility in North Glen, NH. More than 50 hours of line-of-sight wind profile data were obtained in a wide variety of conditions including both day and night operation. Typical clear air lidar wind profiles extended to altitudes of 20 kin with a 1 km vertical resolution and 1 minute averaging. A description of the mobile system is presented along with the examples of lidar wind profiles obtained with the Goddard system during the New Hampshire experiment.

Gentry, Bruce M.↗

NASA NTRS2001

A Comparison of Co-located Ozonesonde and Lidar Measurements

As part of the NDSC, the GSFC mobile Ozone Lidar instrument has participated in numerous validation campaigns around the world. During all of these campaigns, ozonesondes were flown as part of the intercomparisons. This poster summarizes the results of these campaigns, and indicates that there are some biases between the sonde and lidar measurements.

McGee, Thomas J.↗

NASA NTRS2005

Direct Detection Doppler Lidar Wind Measurements Obtained During the 2002 International H2O Project (IHOP)

The Goddard Lidar Observatory for Winds (GLOW) is a mobile Doppler lidar system that uses direct detection techniques for profiling winds in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. In May and June of 2002 GLOW was deployed to the Southern Great Plains of the US to participate in the International H2O Project (IHOP). GLOW was located at the Homestead profiling site in the Oklahoma panhandle about 15 km east of the SPOL radar. Several other Goddard lidars, the Scanning Raman Lidar (SRL) and HARLIE, as well as radars and passive instruments were permanently operated from the Homestead site during the IHOP campaign providing a unique cluster of observations. During the IHOP observation period (May 14, 2002 to June 25, 2002) over 240 hours of wind profile measurements were obtained with GLOW. In this paper we will describe the GLOW instrument as it was configured for the IHOP campaign and we will present examples of wind profiles obtained.

Gentry, Bruce↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Wildfire Emission Transport and Its Impact on the Local Air Quality – Case Study Example from the LISTOS Campaign

The high O3 concentration and large aerosol backscatter were measured in New York City(NYC) region and Connecticut (CT) coastline between August 15-16, 2018 during the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS) campaign. Two TOLNet ozone lidar systems, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Tropospheric Ozone Differential Absorption Lidar (GSFC TROPOZ DIAL)and Langley Research Center (LaRC) Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL),were used to obtain vertical and temporal variation of local O3 concentration. The airborne High Altitude Lidar Observatory (HALO) system was used to detect the regional aerosol characteristic during this episode. The complex relationship between ozone and aerosol characteristics of wildfire emission layers was investigated. The HYSPLIT back-trajectory of the measured air parcel shows that the increase of the O3 concentration and aerosol backscatter are attributed to the significant wildfires in the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia regions during August 2018. Through correlation analyses, unique clustering relationships are identified between ozone and aerosol for different air mass types. This case study is further investigated in relation to satellite data from MODIS, MISR and CALIPSO to characterize plume behavior during transport. The importance of wildfire emission transport will be discussed in context of its impact to surface air quality at significant distances from fire events.

Liqiao Lei↗

NASA NTRS2010

ALVICE Lidar Results from the MOHAVE 2009 Field Campaign

The NASA/GSFC Atmospheric Lidar for Validation/Interagency Collaboration and Education (ALVICE) participated in the Measurements of Humidity And Validation Experiments (MOHAVE 209) campaign hosted at the JPL/Table Mountain Facility in Southern California. This field campaign brought together a large number of water vapor measuring instruments in an effort to inter-compare and validate numerous water vapor technologies in use within the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). A central focus of the campaign was to perform validation of Raman lidar systems in use within NDACC. ALVICE is one of the mobile intercomparison lidar instruments within NDACC and MOHAVE provided an excellent opportunity to test and validate the measurements of this system. At the workshop, we will present recent analysis results of ALVICE lidar measurements and put them in the context of the full field campaign,

Whiteman, David N.↗

NASA NTRS1978

Lidar remote sensing of tropospheric pollutants and trace gases - Programs of NASA Langley Research Center

NASA Langley Research Center is engaged in a number of in-house and contracted programs to develop, evaluate, and apply lidar techniques to remote measurements of pollutant gases, trace molecules, and aerosols. The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) research programs include the development and evaluation of a UV DIAL system for remote measurements of SO2 and O3 concentrations and aerosol dispersion in urban and power-plant stack plumes, a near-IR DIAL system for vertical measurements of water vapor concentrations, and a high-power tunable IR DIAL system which will measure the concentration of gas species that have absorption features in the 1.4- to 4.4-micron wavelength range. The lidar programs which deal with aerosol measurements include the evaluation of a mobile ruby lidar system for use in plume dispersion model verification and the development of a high-spectral-resolution lidar system for measurement of aerosol extinction and backscattering coefficients. System characteristics and measurement sensitivities are discussed, and comparisons are made between simulations and experimental results.

Browell, E. V.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Multi-Spectral Lidar Observations and Balloon Borne Validation of SO 2 -O 3 During the SOWLETS Campaign: An Examination of Local Incinerator Plume

The Langley Mobile O3 Lidar (LMOL) was stationed at NASA's Langley Research Center for the initiation of the SO 2 -O 3 Water Land Environment study (SOWLETS). The primary focus of the campaign was to examine the capabilities of a novel four-wavelength detection technique to measure the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3). The exact location of the lidar, near the NASA/CAPABLE site, was optimized to intercept the plume emissions from a proximate incinerator facility using historical weather data for the month of the campaign. A novel four-wavelength lidar technique focused on the detection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) was employed, and its capabilities were thoroughly examined. The technique is built upon the standard DIAL. While 3 wavelengths would be enough to retrieve both SO2 and O3, the 4 wavelengths allow to provide data on aerosol backscattering. In parallel, SO 2 -O 3 sondes were launched and installed in the nearby NASA Landing and Impact research facility, providing validation for the lidar's atmospheric measurements. In conclusion, this campaign offers an improved understanding of SO2 emissions in the local environment and a validation of a novel technique to facilitate pollution observations. It shows the promise of this new kind of lidar to better understand and validate the observations by NASA/TEMPO ("Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution").

G. Gronoff↗

NASA NTRS2019

Advancing Planetary Exploration - Where No LiDAR Has Gone Before

No abstract available

Mobile LiDAR↗

NASA NTRS1992

Lidar Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone, Temperature and Aerosol During 1992 UARS Correlative Measurement Campaign

Measurements of stratospheric ozone, temperature, and aerosols were made by the NASA/GSFC mobile stratospheric lidar during the UARS (Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite) Correlative Measurement Campaign at the JPL-Table Mountain Facility in Feb. and Mar. 1992. Due to the presence of substantial amounts of residual volcanic aerosol from the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, the GSFC lidar system was modified for an accurate measurement of ozone concentration in the stratosphere. While designed primarily for the measurement of stratospheric ozone, this lidar system was also used to measure middle atmosphere temperature and density from 30 to 65 km and stratospheric aerosol from 15 to 35 km. In the following sections, we will briefly describe and present some typical measurements made during this campaign. Stratospheric ozone, temperature, and aerosols profiles derived from data taken between 15 Feb. and 20 Mar., 1992 will be presented at the conference.

Mcgee, Thomas J.↗

NASA NTRS1990

Lidar observations of ozone changes induced by subpolar air mass motion over Table Mountain, California (34.4 deg N)

Between October 15 and November 8, 1988, the Goddard Space Flight Center mobile stratospheric lidar was in place at the (JPL) Table Mountain Facility (located at 34.4 deg N, 117.7 deg W) for the purpose of intercomparing with the JPL lidar permanently stationed at the observatory. During the course of the intercomparison both lidar systems detected a significant change in the vertical profile of ozone lasting for several days. An analysis of meteorological data available from the National Meteorological Center has shown this change to be dynamical in origin due to the transport of subpolar air over Table Mountain.

Mcgee, Thomas J.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Observation of Pollution Events at Low Altitude During TRACER-AQ – The Advantage of Adaptive Resolution Lidar

The TRACER-AQ campaign happened in August-September 2021 in Houston, Texas. Its objective was to better understand the pollution events in the coastal environment and to evaluate models and satellite observations. As a supporting instrument, NASA’s Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL) was installed on the Houston campus, adjacent to University of Houston’s air-quality site, and performed observations of ozone and aerosols. Co-located instrumentation included a Pandora spectrophotometer, in-situ trace-gas measurements, and ozonesonde launches. Thanks to an adaptive resolution retrieval scheme, LMOL was able to detect thin-layer O3 structures at low (~200m) altitude that are not captured by the ozonesondes, and would ordinarily be missed with traditional coarse TOLNet lidar vertical averaging. We show that some of these features are not present in the models and are likely coming from local, industry-generated, emissions.

Guillaume Gronoff↗

NASA NTRS1991

STROZ LITE - Stratospheric Ozone Lidar Trailer Experiment

A mobile dual-wavelength differential absorption lidar capable of making precise measurements of stratospheric ozone between 20 and 45 km has been developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center as part of the international Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change. The system is installed in a 46-ft trailer, which enables the instrument to act as a network transfer standard and to be set up at any location where power can be obtained. A description of the instrument is presented, along with a discussion of the data analysis. Some results from an intercomparison held at JPL's Table Mountain Observatory in California during October and November 1988 are also presented.

Mcgee, Thomas J.↗