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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1992

A proposal to demonstrate production of salad crops in the Space Station Mockup Facility with particular attention to space, energy, and labor constraints

The Salad Machine Research has continued to be a two path effort with the research at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) focusing on the design, construction, and operation of a semiautomated system (Salad Machine) for the production of salad vegetables within a standard rack. Boeing Corporation in cooperation with NASA MSFC constructed a four drawer Salad Machine which was occasionally placed within the Space Station Freedom Mockup facility for view by selected visitors. Final outfitting of the Salad Machine is awaiting the arrival of parts for the nutrient delivery system. Research at the Alabama A&M facilities focused on compatibility of radish and lettuce plants when grown on the same nutrient solution. Lettuce fresh weight shoot yield was significantly enhanced when lettuce plants were grown on nutrient solution which was shared with radish. Radish tuber production was not significantly affected although there was a trend for radish from shared solutions to be heavier than those grown on separate nutrient solutions. The effect of sharing nutrient solutions on carbohydrate partitioning reflected the effect of sharing solution on fresh weight yield. Lettuce shoot dry weight was significantly greater for plants from shared solutions than from separate. There was no significant effect on sharing nutrient solution on radish tuber dry weight. Partitioning of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and potassium was not affected by sharing, there was, however, a disproportionate amount of potassium in the tissues, suggesting luxury consumption of potassium in all plants and tissues. It is concluded that lettuce plants benefit from sharing nutrient solution with radish and that radish is not harmed.

Brooks, Carolyn A.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Arc Testing of a Mockup Cable in a Simulated Space Radiation Environment

A mockup cable was irradiated with electrons of 25-100 keV energy in a vacuum chamber. The m'ockup cable consisted of insulated wires on a kapton substrate, overlaid with a metallized teonex shield. Voltages induced on the wires and shield by the electron beam during irradiation were monitored, and voltage changes were used, along with video, to detect arcs due to the charge built-up in the cable. The cable was also cooled with liquid nitrogen to very low temperatures, to simulate cables kept in the dark for long periods of time. Arcing was common at fluences typical of long space missions. Occasionally an arc would occur some time after the electron beam was turned off. The conductivity of the wires and shield was monitored as a function of temperature, and behaved as expected, with lower conductivities at lower temperatures. Arcs from the wires and shield to ground and from the wires to the shield were measured. Sympathetic arcs were also seen, wherein an arc from the shield to ground or from the wires to ground was followed in a short period of time by another arc of a different type. Implications of these results for real cables on long space missions will be discussed, and recommendations given for arc mitigation.

Ferguson, D. C.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Analysis of Photogrammetry Data from ISIM Mockup

During ground testing of the Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the ISIM Optics group plans to use a Photogrammetry Measurement System for cryogenic calibration of specific target points on the ISIM composite structure and Science Instrument optical benches and other GSE equipment. This testing will occur in the Space Environmental Systems (SES) chamber at Goddard Space Flight Center. Close range photogrammetry is a 3 dimensional metrology system using triangulation to locate custom targets in 3 coordinates via a collection of digital photographs taken from various locations and orientations. These photos are connected using coded targets, special targets that are recognized by the software and can thus correlate the images to provide a 3 dimensional map of the targets, and scaled via well calibrated scale bars. Photogrammetry solves for the camera location and coordinates of the targets simultaneously through the bundling procedure contained in the V-STARS software, proprietary software owned by Geodetic Systems Inc. The primary objectives of the metrology performed on the ISIM mock-up were (1) to quantify the accuracy of the INCA3 photogrammetry camera on a representative full scale version of the ISIM structure at ambient temperature by comparing the measurements obtained with this camera to measurements using the Leica laser tracker system and (2), empirically determine the smallest increment of target position movement that can be resolved by the PG camera in the test setup, i.e., precision, or resolution. In addition, the geometrical details of the test setup defined during the mockup testing, such as target locations and camera positions, will contribute to the final design of the photogrammetry system to be used on the ISIM Flight Structure.

Nowak, Maria↗
NASA NTRS2006

UHF Relay Antenna Measurements on Phoenix Mars Lander Mockup

The Phoenix Lander, a NASA Discovery mission which lands on Mars in the spring of 2008, will rely entirely on UHF relay links between it and Mars orbiting assets, (Odyssey and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)), to communicate with the Earth. As with the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) relay system, non directional antennas will be used to provide roughly emispherical coverage of the Martian sky. Phoenix lander deck object pattern interference and obscuration are significant, and needed to be quantified to answer system level design and operations questions. This paper describes the measurement campaign carried out at the SPAWAR (Space and Naval Warfare Research) Systems Center San Diego (SSC-SD) hemispherical antenna range, using a Phoenix deck mockup and engineering model antennas. One goal of the measurements was to evaluate two analysis tools, the time domain CST, and the moment method WIPL-D software packages. These would subsequently be used to provide pattern analysis for configurations that would be difficult and expensive to model and test on Earth.

scattering↗
NASA NTRS2019

Test Bed for Human Performance in Mockup Suit

Crewmembers' ability to adjust to changes in gravity and sensorimotor function is essential for successful suited mobility in lunar and planetary missions. Setups for current pressurized spacesuit testing require suit technicians, specialized medical clearances, and test support personnel along with increased risk to the subject. Furthermore, suited setups constrain the types of additional hardware that can be used. A test bed was developed with the goal to evaluate human suited performance using an unpressurized Mark III mockup suit and virtual reality (VR) system.

Beltran, Eduardo↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Human-in-the-Loop Evaluations: Process and Mockup Fidelity

Human-in-the-loop (HITL) evaluations are iterative events used during design and development to identify issues with the implementation of human systems integration. HITL evaluations involve human test subjects who are user-representative participants performing activities with representative hardware, software, and procedures. The paper will describe the process by which HITL evaluations can be implemented in a program or project. This will include definitions for developmental and verification HITL evaluations, levels of mockup fidelity, and certification of HITL articles. The proposed process can be tailored depending on the type of HITL evaluation being conducted. It is highly recommended that findings are timely reported and incorporated in the hardware and/or software design.

Jackelynne Silva-Martinez↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Habitability Insights from Selected NASA Habitat Mockup Testing Campaigns

In 2004, President Bush announced his Vision for Space Exploration, causing NASA to look beyond Low Earth Orbit. While the resulting Constellation Program was cancelled, a focus on expanding beyond LEO has continued to this day. Since 2005, multiple habitat concepts have been developed for the Moon, Mars, or deep space. Some of these concepts were mocked up in virtual or physical form and used in habitability testing campaigns. This paper provides an understanding of the value of two decades of habitability testing and highlights key insights obtainable only through human interaction with a vehicle concept design. The focus of this paper will be limited to primarily habitation work conducted primarily at or by the Johnson Space Center in support of active space habitat development programs or studies and is further limited to fixed habitats and will not discuss mobile habitats such as pressurized rovers.

Lunar Surface Habitation↗
DOE OSTI2020

Development of Mockups and Instrumentation for Spent Fuel Drying Tests

The purpose of this report is to provide updates on the experimental components, methodology, and instrumentation under development for use in advanced studies of realistic drying operations conducted on surrogate spent nuclear fuel. Validation of the extent of water removal in a dry spent nuclear fuel storage system based on drying procedures used at nuclear power plants is needed to close existing technical gaps. Operational conditions leading to incomplete drying may have potential impacts on the fuel, cladding, and other components in the system. Water remaining in canisters upon completion of drying procedures can lead to cladding corrosion, embrittlement, and breaching, as well as fuel degradation. Additional information is needed on the drying process efficacy to help evaluate the potential impacts of water retention on extended longterm dry storage. A general lack of data suitable for model validation of commercial nuclear canister drying processes necessitates additional, well-designed investigations. Smaller-scale tests that incorporate relevant physics and well-controlled boundary conditions are essential to provide insight and guidance to the simulation of prototypic systems undergoing drying processes. This report describes the implementation of moisture monitoring equipment on a pressurized, submersible system employing a single waterproof, electrically heated spent fuel rod simulator as a demonstration of analytical capabilities during a drying process. A mass spectrometer with specially designed inlets was used to monitor moisture and other gases at 150 kPa to 800 kPa for a test simulating a forced helium dehydration procedure and below 1 torr for tests mimicking a vacuum drying process. The dew point data from the mass spectrometer was found to be in good agreement with a solid-state moisture probe. A distinct advantage of the mass spectrometer system was the capability to directly sample from the hightemperature (>200 °C) head space expected in a prototypic scale experiment where a solid-state moisture probe would suffer considerable loss of accuracy or fail altogether. The operational and analytical experiences gained from this test series are poised to support an expansion to assembly-scale tests at prototypic length. These assemblies are designed to feature prototypic assembly hardware, advanced diagnostics for in situ internal rod pressure monitoring, and failed fuel rod simulators with engineered cladding defects to challenge the drying system with waterlogged fuel.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM using the Functional Mockup Interface

An in-memory coupling between the sub-channel thermal hydraulics code COBRA-TF (CTF), which is included in the Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA), and the systems code Transient Simulation Framework of Reconfigurable Models (TRANSFORM) was developed in this work. Data exchange is accomplished by using the Functional Mock-Up Interface (FMI), an open standard for coupling dynamic systems models together. The FMI-based coupling necessitated the development of a novel FORTRAN wrapper for communicating with Functional Mock-Up Units. This wrapper will facilitate future FMI-based code couplings with other FORTRAN-based programs. CTF-TRANSFORM is exercised on a simplified Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) model in steady-state and transient configurations. The coupled CTF-TRANSFORM model is shown to predict core temperature deltas similar to those available in historical MSRE operational data and is shown to be robust to fast power transients.The coupling paves the way to performing sensitivity and design studies impossible with VERA/CTF alone, in which secondary and tertiary loop operating conditions and design parameters may be perturbed and their impact on the core operating conditions studied.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Augmented Monitoring and Condition Assessment Program (AMCAP) - Proof-of-Principle (POP) Mockup for Non-Aluminum Spent Nuclear Fuel Container In-Situ Examinations

A disciplined engineering approach is being followed to develop an engineered system of tooling and sensors, characterization techniques, and deployment subsystems for in-situ inspection of the several container types used for the storage of non-aluminum spent nuclear fuel (NASNF) in L Basin under the Augmented Monitoring and Condition Assessment Program (AMCAP). Inspecting the containers to provide information on their structural condition helps ensure the safe handling and storage of the NASNF containers pending final disposition. This report describes the work performed in the initial two phases of this developmental work, namely the bench scale and proof-of-principle (POP) scale, which focus on sensor selection and the tooling design and fabrication for two remote non-destructive examination (NDE) methods. These methods include visual testing (VT) for a visual examination of the container surfaces and ultrasonic testing (UT) for a n examination to characterize container wall material thickness and flaws.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Progress Report on Mockup Irradiation Capsule Fuel Measurements at LANSCE

Irradiation tests are a key component of nuclear fuel development and identifying typical and atypical regions in the irradiated fuel volume relies on very few characterization techniques. The goal of the effort reported here is to provide complementary measurements adding to the available parameter space for post irradiation examination as well as to inform subsequent hot cell PIE examinations by identifying typical and atypical regions with respect to microstructure, tomographic data, or isotope densities. Pulsed neutrons, enabling diffraction as well as energy-resolved neutron imaging and neutron absorption resonance spectroscopy, offer unique capabilities for this purpose. Time-of-flight neutron diffraction has the potential to offer efficient, non-destructive and non-contact microstructural characterization of irradiated fuel specimen with spatial resolution of 1 mm 3 to 1 cm 3 while for energy-resolved neutron imaging (and by extension tomography) a resolution of 100 μm 3 was demonstrated. The potential results include crystallinity vs. amorphous volumes and microstructural information such as phase compositions, lattice strains (indicative of residual stresses or chemistry variations) and textures from the diffraction data as well as distances (e.g. pellet to cladding), cracks, and isotope densities of minor actinides, fission products as well as fission gas partial pressures e.g. in the plenum from energy resolved neutron imaging.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
NASA NTRS1972

The effects of configuration changes on the aerodynamic characteristics of a full-scale mockup of a light twin engine airplane

Wind tunnel tests of a full-scale model of a light twin engine aircraft were conducted. The angle of attack was varied from minus 4 degrees to plus 20 degrees. The sideslip range was plus or minus 8 degrees. Thrust coefficients were 0, 0.20, and 0.44. Tests were made with various nacelle configurations, modes of propeller rotation, orientation of the thrust axis, and airfoil section at Reynolds numbers of 2.96 times one million amd 2.05 times one million.

Fink, M. P.↗