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At least 55 records · Page 3

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NASA NTRS1977

Application of aerial photography to water-related programs in Michigan

The paper describes the use of aerial photography and information system technology in the provision of information required for the effective operation of three water-related programs in Michigan. Potential mosquito breeding sites were identified from specially acquired low altitude 70 mm color photography for the City of Lansing Vector Control Area. A comprehensive inventory of surface water sources and potential access sites was prepared to assist fire departments in Antrim County with fire truck water-recharge operations. Remotely-sensed land cover/use data for Windsor Township, Eaton County were integrated with other resource data into a computer-based information system for regional water quality studies. Eleven thematic maps specifically focussed on landscape features affecting non-point water pollution and waste disposal were generated from analyses of a four-hectare grid-based data file containing land cover/use, soils, topographic and geologic (well-log) data.

Enslin, W. R.↗

NASA NTRS2010

The Wettzell System Monitoring Concept and First Realizations

Automated monitoring of operational system parameters for the geodetic space techniques is becoming more important in order to improve the geodetic data and to ensure the safety and stability of automatic and remote-controlled observations. Therefore, the Wettzell group has developed the system monitoring software, SysMon, which is based on a reliable, remotely-controllable hardware/software realization. A multi-layered data logging system based on a fanless, robust industrial PC with an internal database system is used to collect data from several external, serial, bus, or PCI-based sensors. The internal communication is realized with Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) and uses generative programming with the interface software generator idl2rpc.pl developed at Wettzell. Each data monitoring stream can be configured individually via configuration files to define the logging rates or analog-digital-conversion parameters. First realizations are currently installed at the new laser ranging system at Wettzell to address safety issues and at the VLBI station O Higgins as a meteorological data logger. The system monitoring concept should be realized for the Wettzell radio telescope in the near future.

Ettl, Martin↗

DOE OSTI2025

Machine Learning for Well Log Analysis in Uranium Mining

This project explores the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques to automate well log analysis for uranium mining. Geophysical log data—spontaneous potential, resistivity, and gamma ray—were used to classify lithology, correlate well logs and identify roll front zonation patterns, which are critical for locating uranium ore bodies. Supervised ML algorithms such as eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), and Random Forest were trained to classify lithology with high accuracy. Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), XGBoost, Random Forest, and Neural Networks were also used for role front zone identification. Moreover, a Fast Dynamic Time Warping (FastDTW) algorithm was employed for well log correlation. Additionally, sample lag was addressed using dynamic programming. Results demonstrate the potential of AI and ML to streamline well log analysis and enhance uranium exploration workflows.

11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Characterization of throughput on the AXI DMA bus for burst data transfer over Ethernet

cThe Xilinx AXI Direct Memory Access (AXI DMA) module is an efficient solution for medium-speed data transfer in Xilinx SoC FPGAs, supporting data rates greater than 1000 Gbps even in very suboptimal operating modes. It facilitates direct transfer of AXI stream data into processor memory without constant software intervention, which reduces overhead and ensures consistent data logging. By utilizing the FPGA's available memory, large circular buffers (1-5 GiB) are used to buffer data and accommodate network limitations, enabling high-rate data bursts. In this study, we measured the performance of AXI DMA under conditions simulating its lowest practical data transfer speeds. The Arbitrary Length Data Sender was used to transmit AXI stream packets at 32-bit width and 100 MHz frequency, a narrow width and slow speed. Results show that the AXI DMA can transfer up to 3192.76 Mbps with large packet sizes but experiences reduced performance for smaller packets, as low as 2.6 Mbps for 4-byte packets. For Ethernet-limited applications, packet sizes between 8,000 and 16,000 bytes provided optimal transfer speeds of 874 to 1600 Mbps. These findings suggest that the AXI DMA is not the limiting factor in systems where packet sizes exceed 8,000 bytes.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

NASA NTRS1984

Solar-geophysical data number 479, July 1984. Part 1: (Prompt reports). Data for June 1984, May 1984 and later data

Solar and geophysical data for May and June 1984 are reported. Topics include: detailed index for 1983/1984; data for June 1984 (solar activity indices, solar flares, solar radio emission, mean solar magnetic field, boulder geomagnetic substorm log); data for May 1984 (solar active regions, sudden ionospheric disturbances, solar radio spectral observations, cosmic ray measurements by neutron monitor, geomagnetic indices, radio propagation indices); and late data (geomagnetic indices March and April 1984 sudden commencements/solar flare effects, cosmic ray measurements by neutron monitor, and solar active regions).

Coffey, H. E.↗

NASA NTRS2000

Mass Storage Performance Information System

The purpose of this task is to develop a data warehouse to enable system administrators and their managers to gather information by querying the data logs of the MDSDS. Currently detailed logs capture the activity of the MDSDS internal to the different systems. The elements to be included in the data warehouse are requirements analysis, data cleansing, database design, database population, hardware/software acquisition, data transformation, query and report generation, and data mining.

Scheuermann, Peter↗

DOE OSTI2025

Fracture Network Quantification during CO2 Injection

This is the presentation prepared for the ARMA 2025 (59th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium) Conference held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, June 8-11, 2025. Accurate mapping and quantification of these networks are essential to ensure the integrity of CO2 storage reservoirs, understand and reduce potential leakage, and maintain long-term environmental safety. This study presents a novel machine learning-driven approach, integrated with geomechanical analysis, to quantify fracture networks and assess their spatial distribution during CO2 injection. This paper combines microseismic monitoring data with principles of hydraulic diffusivity and geomechanical analysis to characterize reservoir scale fracture network. The novelty of our approach lies in its capacity to assimilate time-dependent pressure data and microseismicity into a cohesive framework, which not only identifies microseismic triggering fronts but also tracks fracture distribution during active injection. Besides, leveraging image log data and analysis our approach also provides another angle of the insights to solidate the fracture networks understanding and geomechanical impacts. Key results from our study include the detection of over 100 distinct fracture clusters across the injection site, with fracture orientations strongly correlated with the prevailing in-situ stress field.

CO2 storage and sequestration↗

DOE OSTI2025

Fracture Network Quantification during CO2 Injection

This is the conference paper accompanying an oral presentation at the ARMA 2025 (59th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium) Conference held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, June 8-11, 2025. Accurate mapping and quantification of these networks are essential to ensure the integrity of CO2 storage reservoirs, understand and reduce potential leakage, and maintain long-term environmental safety. This study presents a novel machine learning-driven approach, integrated with geomechanical analysis, to quantify fracture networks and assess their spatial distribution during CO2 injection. This paper combines microseismic monitoring data with principles of hydraulic diffusivity and geomechanical analysis to characterize reservoir scale fracture network. The novelty of our approach lies in its capacity to assimilate time-dependent pressure data and microseismicity into a cohesive framework, which not only identifies microseismic triggering fronts but also tracks fracture distribution during active injection. Besides, leveraging image log data and analysis our approach also provides another angle of the insights to solidate the fracture networks understanding and geomechanical impacts. Key results from our study include the detection of over 100 distinct fracture clusters across the injection site, with fracture orientations strongly correlated with the prevailing in-situ stress field.

CO2 storage and sequestration↗

NASA NTRS2005

[School-Based UV-B Monitoring Project in Support of EOS-CHEM]

This grant is an extension of Grant NAG5-8929 (Drexel Project Number 230026), resulting from extensions necessary to meet changing science objectives as described in the final report for NAG5-8929, a copy of which is attached. The instrument configuration resulting from NAG54929 has remained basically intact. Cosine response measurements conducted by James Slusser s group at Fort Collins, Colorado, in support of the proposal for Aura ground validation mentioned in the final report for NAG5-8929, indicated that there was significant light leakage to the detector through the sides of the nylon housing. This was easily remedied by machining a removable opaque collar (made from the dark same grey rigid plastic plumbing tubing as the collimating tube) that fits around the detector collar. Also during this grant period, data logging procedures were established for the UV-A instrument, to record irradiance before, during, and after an Aura overflight. This is required in order to compare spatial and temporal variability as required for ground validation of data products derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Standalone 12-bit loggers from Onset Computer Corporation (the U12 series), which were not available at the start of these projects, makes possible relatively inexpensive logging for these instruments at a usable resolution. configuration and disposition of these instruments, including the final version of a GLOBE protocol for using the instruments, currently depend on action taken on the Aura ground validation proposal submitted in 2004. A copy of that proposal is attached.

Brooks, David R.↗

DOE OSTI2025

A Performant, Scalable Processing Pipeline for High‐Quality and FAIR Environmental Sensor Data

High-resolution environmental monitoring is necessary to record, understand, and predict biogeochemical and ecological changes particularly in coastal systems but brings significant challenges in processing and making rapidly available the resulting data. The COMPASS-FME project established a network of coastal observational sites across the Chesapeake Bay and western Lake Erie regions extensively instrumented with soil, vegetation, and weather sensors logging data every 15 min. Our data processing framework, written in R and completely open source, prioritizes rapid model-experiment iteration and makes biogeochemical data rapidly available for quality assurance/quality control, analysis, and model ingestion. This pipeline is distinguished by a standardized and modular approach to data curation, extensive metadata and documentation, and its high performance. These attributes combine to make biogeochemical data rapidly accessible across COMPASS-FME and the broader community. Flexible, powerful, and reproducible approaches to handling high-volume environmental data are crucial for accelerating biogeosciences research.

Pennington, Stephanie C. [Pacific Northwest Nation↗

NASA NTRS1976

Michigan resource inventories: Characteristics and costs of selected projects using high altitude color infrared imagery. Remote Sensing Project

The procedures and costs associated with mapping land cover/use and forest resources from high altitude color infrared (CIR) imagery are documented through an evaluation of several inventory efforts. CIR photos (1:36,000) were used to classify the forests of Mason County, Michigan into six species groups, three stocking levels, and three maturity classes at a cost of $4.58/sq. km. The forest data allow the pinpointing of marketable concentrations of selected timber types, and facilitate the establishment of new forest management cooperatives. Land cover/use maps and area tabulations were prepared from small scale CIR photography at a cost of $4.28/sq. km. and $3.03/sq. km. to support regional planning programs of two Michigan agencies. procedures were also developed to facilitate analysis of this data with other natural resource information. Eleven thematic maps were generated from Windsor Township, Michigan at a cost of $1,500 by integrating grid-geocoded land cover/use, soils, topographic, and well log data using an analytical computer program.

Enslin, W. R.↗

NASA NTRS1996

Compilation and Analysis of 20 and 30 GHz Rain Fade Events at the ACTS NASA Ground Station: Statistics and Model Assessment

The purpose of the propagation studies within the ACTS Project Office is to acquire 20 and 30 GHz rain fade statistics using the ACTS beacon links received at the NGS (NASA Ground Station) in Cleveland. Other than the raw, statistically unprocessed rain fade events that occur in real time, relevant rain fade statistics derived from such events are the cumulative rain fade statistics as well as fade duration statistics (beyond given fade thresholds) over monthly and yearly time intervals. Concurrent with the data logging exercise, monthly maximum rainfall levels recorded at the US Weather Service at Hopkins Airport are appended to the database to facilitate comparison of observed fade statistics with those predicted by the ACTS Rain Attenuation Model. Also, the raw fade data will be in a format, complete with documentation, for use by other investigators who require realistic fade event evolution in time for simulation purposes or further analysis for comparisons with other rain fade prediction models, etc. The raw time series data from the 20 and 30 GHz beacon signals is purged of non relevant data intervals where no rain fading has occurred. All other data intervals which contain rain fade events are archived with the accompanying time stamps. The definition of just what constitutes a rain fade event will be discussed later. The archived data serves two purposes. First, all rain fade event data is recombined into a contiguous data series every month and every year; this will represent an uninterrupted record of the actual (i.e., not statistically processed) temporal evolution of rain fade at 20 and 30 GHz at the location of the NGS. The second purpose of the data in such a format is to enable a statistical analysis of prevailing propagation parameters such as cumulative distributions of attenuation on a monthly and yearly basis as well as fade duration probabilities below given fade thresholds, also on a monthly and yearly basis. In addition, various subsidiary statistics such as attenuation rate probabilities are derived. The purged raw rain fade data as well as the results of the analyzed data will be made available for use by parties in the private sector upon their request. The process which will be followed in this dissemination is outlined in this paper.

Manning, Robert M.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Remote semi-continuous flow rate logging seepage meter

The movement of groundwater and its associated solutes from upland regions was implicated in the degradation of receiving surface water bodies. Current efforts to directly measure this influx of water incorporate manually operated seepage meters which are hindered by severe limitations. A prototype seepage meter was developed by NASA Langley Research Center and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University that will allow for the semi-continuous collection and data logging of seepage flux across the sediment water interface. The meter is designed to operate at depths to 40 meters, and alleviate or minimize all disadvantages associated with traditional methods while remaining cost effective. The unit was designed to operate independently for time periods on the order of weeks with adjustable sample sequences depending upon hydrologic conditions. When used in conjunction with commercially available pressure transducers, this seepage meter allows for correlations to be made between groundwater discharge and tidal/sea state conditions in coastal areas. Field data from the Chesapeake Bay and Florida Bay systems are presented.

Reay, William G.↗

NASA NTRS1998

Space Discovery: Teaching with Space. Evaluation: Summer, Fall 1998 Programs

This is the final report of the 1998 NASA-sponsored evaluation of the effectiveness of the United States Space Foundation's five-day Space Discovery Standard Graduate Course (Living and Working in Space), the five-day Space Discovery Advanced Graduate Course (Advanced Technology and Biomedical Research), the five-day introductory course Aviation and Space Basics all conducted during the summer of 1998, and the Teaching with Space two-day Inservice program. The purpose of the program is to motivate and equip K- 12 teachers to use proven student-attracting space and technology concepts to support standard curriculum. These programs support the America 2000 National Educational Goals, encouraging more students to stay in school, increase in competence, and have a better opportunity to be attracted to math and science. The 1998 research program continues the comprehensive evaluation begun in 1992, this year studying five summer five-day sessions and five Inservice programs offered during the Fall of 1998 in California, Colorado, New York, and Virginia. A comprehensive research design by Dr. Robert Ewell of Creative Solutions and Dr. Darwyn Linder of Arizona State University evaluated the effectiveness of various areas of the program and its applicability on diverse groups. Preliminary research methodology was a set of survey instruments administered after the courses, and another to be sent in April-4-5 months following the last inservice involved in this study. This year, we have departed from this evaluation design in two ways. First, the five-day programs used NASA's new EDCATS on-line system and associated survey rather than the Linder/Ewell instruments. The Inservice programs were evaluated using the previously developed survey adapted for Inservice programs. Second, we did not do a follow-on survey of the teachers after they had been in the field as we have done in the past. Therefore, this evaluation captures only the reactions of the teachers to the programs immediately after the instruction. Although EDCATS is designed for teachers to enter their data logged onto the appropriate internet web site, most surveys were completed on a printed copy and entered into the EDCATS system by USSF personnel. The Aviation and Space Basics class were taken to a computer lab where they responded to the survey on-line. Data from the Inservice surveys were manually entered into a computer spreadsheet program by US Space Foundation personnel and processed using the statistical program SPSS for Windows. The raw data and copy of the EDCATS survey for the five-day programs are in Appendix 1. The raw data and copy of the Inservice survey are in Appendix 2. Comments from both programs are in Appendices 3 and 4, respectively.

Ewell, Bob↗

NASA NTRS1985

Measurement of wind near the surface

A survey is presented of instrumentation suitable for measurement of wind near the surface of the earth by using in-situ techniques and further restricted to sensors that are operational. In this case, a sensor is deemed to be operational if it is commercially available. There is no discussion here of the systems that might be used to acquire, process, display, and store the sensor data. It is assumed that some sort of automatic data logging equipment would be used. Without special requirements such as need for high frequency response, low power consumption, etc., this treatment must be quite general and provides little detail. Also, without special restrictions, emphasis must be placed on conventional sensors that provide the bulk of wind data today.

Brock, Fred V.↗

NASA NTRS2003

Monitoring Volcanoes by Use of Air-Dropped Sensor Packages

Sensor packages that would be dropped from airplanes have been proposed for pre-eruption monitoring of physical conditions on the flanks of awakening volcanoes. The purpose of such monitoring is to gather data that could contribute to understanding and prediction of the evolution of volcanic systems. Each sensor package, denoted a volcano monitoring system (VMS), would include a housing with a parachute attached at its upper end and a crushable foam impact absorber at its lower end (see figure). The housing would contain survivable low-power instrumentation that would include a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, an inclinometer, a seismometer, a barometer, a thermometer, and CO2 and SO2 analyzers. The housing would also contain battery power, control, data-logging, and telecommunication subsystems. The proposal for the development of the VMS calls for the use of commercially available sensor, power, and telecommunication equipment, so that efforts could be focused on integrating all of the equipment into a system that could survive impact and operate thereafter for 30 days, transmitting data on the pre-eruptive state of a target volcano to a monitoring center. In a typical scenario, VMSs would be dropped at strategically chosen locations on the flanks of a volcano once the volcano had been identified as posing a hazard from any of a variety of observations that could include eyewitness reports, scientific observations from positions on the ground, synthetic-aperture-radar scans from aircraft, and/or remote sensing from aboard spacecraft. Once dropped, the VMSs would be operated as a network of in situ sensors that would transmit data to a local monitoring center. This network would provide observations as part of an integrated volcano-hazard assessment strategy that would involve both remote sensing and timely observations from the in situ sensors. A similar strategy that involves the use of portable sensors (but not dropping of sensors from aircraft) is already in use in the Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (VDAP), which was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance to respond to volcanic crises around the world. The VMSs would add a greatly needed capability that would enable VDAP response teams to deploy their volcano-monitoring equipment in a more timely manner with less risk to personnel in the field.

Kedar, Sharon↗

NASA NTRS1978

The digital control of an experiment to size particles using a laser

Efforts to automate an experiment for sizing particles using a laser is described. The objective of the experiment was to rotate a photomultiplier detector at various angles and to record data associated with how light interacted with a particle. The light source was a laser which was fixed in space. The design consisted of a step motor with a fabricated electromechanical system to rotate the photomultiplier. The use of an 8080 microprocessor based microcomputer to control the step motor and to log data is described.

Cross, J. E.↗

NASA NTRS1995

Wireless Infrared Data Link

Infrared transmitter and receiver designed for wireless transmission of information on measured physical quantity (for example, temperature) from transducer device to remote-acquisition system. In transmitter, output of transducer amplified and shifted with respect to bias or reference level, then fed to voltage-to-frequency converter to control frequency of repetition of current pulses applied to infrared-light-emitting diode. In receiver, frequency of repetition of pulses converted back into voltage indicative of temperature or other measured quantity. Potential applications include logging data while drilling for oil, transmitting measurements from rotors in machines without using slip rings, remote monitoring of temperatures and pressures in hazardous locations, and remote continuous monitoring of temperatures and blood pressures in medical patients, who thus remain mobile.

Roth, Timothy E.↗