Flow losses in flexible hose, volume 1 Final report
Empirical method for predicting flow loss of gas or liquid in flexible hoses
Langley, J. R.↗
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Flow losses in flexible hose Summary report
Equations for predicting flow losses in flexable hoses
Source record↗
TFE-fluorocarbon liners for flexible hoses
Flexible hose handles high rates of flow under high pressures. Short lengths of tubing are overlapped to permit flexibility with much greater parallel offset.
Higley, D. F.↗
Two-functional seal for hose connection
Seal, machined from a plastic material, prevents liquid hydrogen leakage from hose connectors. It serves as a block-type seal supporting maximum loading of the poppet with slight elastic deflection or as a lip-type seal that is deformed elastically in bending, tension, or compression by the seated poppet.
Richardson, M. B.↗
Study of hose and connectors in life support systems Final report, 23 Feb. 1968 - 1 Mar. 1969
Nonflammable materials capable of fabrication into flexible oxygen hose for spacecraft life support system
Dougherty, R. C.↗
Macroscopic quasilinear theory of the garden-hose instability.
Garden hose instability quasi-linear stabilization employing macroscopic viewpoint, discussing fluid model
Davidson, R. C.↗
Growth rate of the relativistic fire-hose instability.
Fire hose instability growth rate in relativistic plasma with anisotropic pressure, discussing importance to cosmic ray liberation and isotropization at galactic halo
Noerdlinger, P. D.↗
Vacuum jacketed umbilical lines technology advancement study. Task 3, sub-task 1 - vacuum jacketed hose flexure Final technical report
Vacuum jacketed components on launch umbilical tower service arms at Launch Complex 39 - hose flexure lines
Kimble, K.↗
Prediction of flow-induced failures of braided flexible hoses and bellows
Analytical techniques were developed to evaluate braided hoses and bellows for possibility of flow induced resonance. These techniques determine likelihood of high cycle fatigue failure when such resonance exists.
Sack, L. E.↗
Low-cost, portable fire hose tester
Availability of pumping unit permits scheduling and performing required periodic hose tests in proper manner while retaining full fire equipment readiness. Use of pumping unit preserves operating life and capability of pumper truck.
Jocke, R. F.↗
Liquid Rocket Lines, Bellows, Flexible Hoses, and Filters
Fluid-flow components in a liquid propellant rocket engine and the rocket vehicle which it propels are interconnected by lines, bellows, and flexible hoses. Elements involved in the successful design of these components are identified and current technologies pertaining to these elements are reviewed, assessed, and summarized to provide a technology base for a checklist of rules to be followed by project managers in guiding a design or assessing its adequacy. Recommended procedures for satisfying each of the design criteria are included.
Source record↗
A description of electron heating with an electrostatic potential jump in a parallel, collisionless, fire hose shock
The electron heating required if protons scatter elastically in a parallel, collisionless shock is calculated. Near-elastic proton scattering off large amplitude background magnetic field fluctuations might be expected if the waves responsible for the shock dissipation are generated by the fire hose instability. The effects of an electrostatic potential jump in the shock layer are included by assuming that the energy lost by protons in traversing the potential jump is converted into electron thermal pressure. It is found that the electron temperature increase is a strong function of the potential jump. Comparison is made to the parallel shock plasma simulation of Quest (1987).
Ellison, Donald C.↗
Evaluation of candidate alloys for the construction of metal flex hoses in the STS launch environment
Various vacuum jacketed cryogenic supply lines at the Shuttle launch site use convoluted flexible expansion joints. The atmosphere at the launch site has a very high salt content, and during a launch, fuel combustion products include hydrochloric acid. This extremely corrosive environment has caused pitting corrosion failure in the flex hoses, which were made of 304L stainless steel. A search was done to find a more corrosion resistant replacement material. This study focused on 19 metal alloys. Tests which were performed include electrochemical corrosion testing, accelerated corrosion testing in a salt fog chamber, long term exposure at the beach corrosion testing site, and pitting corrosion tests in ferric chloride solution. Based on the results of these tests, the most corrosion resistant alloys were found to be (in order) Hastelloy C-22, Inconel 625, Hastelloy C-276, Hastelloy C-4, and Inco Alloy G-3. Of these top five alloys, the Hastelloy C-22 stands out as being the best of those tested for this application.
Ontiveros, Cordelia↗
Electromagnetic fire-hose instability in a fully relativistic bi-Maxwellian plasma
Detailed properties of the classical hydromagnetic Alfven wave and the fire-hose instability, driven by an excess in the parallel energy are well understood in the nonrelativistic regime. In this brief communication, the analysis is extended to the fully relativistic regime. The analysis is carried out for fully relativistic bi-Maxwellian distributions of electrons and ions (or positrons). It is shown that the relativistic effect has a nonnegligible effect on the wave and stability properties of the low-frequency modes under certain conditions.
Yoon, Peter H.↗
Evaluation of candidate alloys for the construction of metal flex hoses in the STS launch environment
Various vacuum jacketed cryogenic supply lines at the Shuttle launch site use convoluted flexible expansion joints. The atmosphere at the launch site has a very high salt content, and during a launch fuel combustion products include hydrochloric acid. This extremely corrosive environment has caused pitting corrosion failure in the flex hoses, which were made out of 304L stainless steel. A search was done to find a more corrosion resistant replacement material. Nineteen metal alloys were tested. Tests which were performed include electrochemical corrosion testing, accelerated corrosion testing in a salt fog chamber, long term exposure at the beach corrosion testing site, and pitting corrosion tests in ferric chloride solution. Based on the results, the most corrosion resistant alloys were found to be, in order, Hastelloy C-22, Inconel 625, Hastelloy C-276, Hastelloy C-4, and Inco Alloy G-3. Of these top five alloys, the Hastelloy C-22 stands out as being the best of the alloys tested.
Macdowell, Louis G., III↗
Drinking from the Fire Hose: Why the Flight Management System Can Be Hard to Train and Difficult to Use
The Flight Management Computer (FMC) and its interface, the Multi-function Control and Display Unit (MCDU) have been identified by researchers and airlines as difficult to train and use. Specifically, airline pilots have described the "drinking from the fire-hose" effect during training. Previous research has identified memorized action sequences as a major factor in a user s ability to learn and operate complex devices. This paper discusses the use of a method to examine the quantity of memorized action sequences required to perform a sample of 102 tasks, using features of the Boeing 777 Flight Management Computer Interface. The analysis identified a large number of memorized action sequences that must be learned during training and then recalled during line operations. Seventy-five percent of the tasks examined require recall of at least one memorized action sequence. Forty-five percent of the tasks require recall of a memorized action sequence and occur infrequently. The large number of memorized action sequences may provide an explanation for the difficulties in training and usage of the automation. Based on these findings, implications for training and the design of new user-interfaces are discussed.
Sherry, Lance↗
Replacement for a Flex Hose Coating at the Space Shuttle Launch Pad
Aerocoat AR-7 is a coating that has been used to protect stainless steel flex hoses at NASA's Kennedy Space Center launch complex and hydraulic lines of the mobile launch platform (MLP). This coating has great corrosion control performance and low temperature application. AR-7 was developed by NASA and produced exclusively for NASA but its production has been discontinued due to its high content of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and significant environmental impact. The purpose of this project was to select and evaluate candidate coatings to find a replacement coating that is more environmentally friendly, with similar properties to AR-7. No coatings were identified that perform the same as AR-7 in all areas. Candidate coatings failed in comparison to AR-7 in salt fog, beachside atmospheric exposure, pencil hardness, Mandrel bend, chemical compatibility, adhesion, and ease of application tests. However, two coatings were selected for further evaluation.
Whitten, Mary↗
Flexible hose interconnect testing for parabolic troughs with nitrate salt
The use of molten salt as a heat transfer fluid in parabolic trough concentrated solar power plants, in lieu of oil-based heat transfer fluids, presents the possibility to increase the plant's operating temperature and corresponding Rankine cycle efficiency, improve dispatchability, and decrease costs. However, several barriers still exist to commercialization of the technology. This paper discusses meaningful progress toward overcoming two specific barriers to commercialization; 1) the lack of a reliable interconnect solution for molten salt service to connect rotating collectors with stationary header pipes and 2) the limitations of publicly available system modeling tools for a plant using molten salt as both the heat transfer fluid and energy storage medium.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗