Dissociation energy and long-range potential of diatomic molecules from vibrational spacings - The halogens
Dissociation energy and long-range potential of diatomic molecules from vibrational spacings, halogens
Bernstein, R. B.↗
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Halogens, mercury, lithium and osmium in Apollo 11 samples
Halogens, mercury, lithium and osmium concentration measurements in Apollo 11 samples, using neutron and photon activation
Jovanovic, S.↗
Dissociation energies and long range potentials of diatomic molecules from vibrational spacings - The halogens
Dissociation energies and long range potentials of diatomic halogen molecules from vibrational spacings
Bernstein, R. B.↗
Dissociation energies of diatomic molecules from vibrational spacings of higher levels - Application to the halogens
Ground state dissociation energies for diatomic halogens from vibrational spacings near dissociation limit
Bernstein, R. B.↗
Atomic transition probabilities of the halogens
Halogens atomic transition probabilities spectroscopic measurements in visible and near IR spectra, using gas driven shock tube
Bengtson, R. D.↗
Electron affinities of the halogen molecules by dissociative electron attachment
Halogen molecules electron affinities by measuring negative ion average translational energy and appearance potentials, noting free radicals heat of formation
Decorpo, J. J.↗
Dissociation energies and long-range potentials of diatomic molecules from vibrational spacings - The halogens
Ground state dissociation energies and long range internuclear potentials of diatomic molecules of halogens from spectroscopic vibrational spacings
Bernstein, R. B.↗
The halogens in Luna 16 and Luna 20 soils.
The halogens, uranium, and lithium contents found in Luna 16, Luna 20, and some Apollo lunar soil samples are discussed. Chlorine and phosphorus pentoxide do not appear to exhibit the same correlation in soils from the Luna 20 and possibly the Luna 16 sites as they do in samples from the Apollo 11-15 sites.
Reed, G. W., Jr.↗
Non-flammable elastomeric fiber from a fluorinated elastomer and containing an halogenated flame retardant
Flame retardant elastomeric compositions are described comprised of either spandex type polyurethane having incorporated into the polymer chain halogen containing polyols, conventional spandex type polyurethanes in physical admixture with flame retardant additives, or fluoroelastomeric resins in physical admixture with flame retardant additives. Methods are described for preparing fibers of the flame retardant elastomeric materials and articles of manufacture comprised of the flame retardant clastomeric materials and non elastic materials such as polybenzimidazoles, fiberglass, nylons, etc.
Howarth, J. T.↗
A study of various synthetic routes to produce a halogen-labeled traction fluid
Several synthetic routes were studied for the synthesis of the compound 1, 1, 3-trimethyl-1, 3-dicyclohexyl-2 chloropropane. This halogen-labeled fluid would be of use in the study of high traction lubricants under elastohydrodynamic lubrication conditions using infrared emission spectroscopy. The synthetic routes included: dimerization of alpha-methylstyrene, methanol addition to alpha-methylstyrene, a Wittig reaction, and an organometallic approach. Because of steric hindrance and competing reactions, none of these routes were successful.
Jones, W. R., Jr.↗
Application of ion chromatography to the study of hydrolysis of some halogenated hydrocarbons at ambient temperatures
The application of ion chromatography to the study of very slow rates of hydrolysis of some halogenated hydrocarbons was investigated. The halide concentrations in the aqueous phase of mixtures of a carbonate buffer (pH = 10.3) and either chloroform (CHC13) or fluorotrichloromethane (CFC13) after aging for various lengths of time at room temperature, were determined by ion chromatography. Hydrolysis of CHC13 caused the C1(-) concentration to increase by about 1500 ppb per day. On the other hand neither the F(-) or C1(-) concentration in the CFC13 mixture increased by as much as 1 ppb per day. The magnitude of errors in the determination of halides prevented any firm conclusions regarding hydrolysis in this mixture. However, these results were used to show how ion chromatography could expedite identification of the hydrolyzing substance as well as investigations of hydrolysis mechanisms.
Otterson, D. A.↗
Photoproduction of halogens using platinized TiO2
Unlike electrolysis of halide salt solutions, technique using powdered titanium dioxide catalyst requires no external power other than ultraviolet radiation source. Semiconductor powders photocatalyze and photosynthesize many useful reactions; applications are production of halogen molecules, oxidation of hazardous materials in wastewater, and conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
Reichman, B.↗
Sulfur and halogen chemistry of the stratosphere and of volcanic eruption plumes
The major eruption of Volcan de Fuego caused an enhancement of 1.6 x 10 to the 9 kg of SO4(-) in the stratosphere 6 months after the eruption. Measurable changes in nitric acid vapor and particulate chloride were not observed. Subsequent data suggests that HCl was not injected into the stratosphere. The first simultaneous measurement of halogen and sulfur content of gases and particles in explosive eruption plumes is reported. The average percents of elements in particles were sulfur, 2.5 + or - 2.1; chlorine, 18 + or - 12; and fluorine, 38 + or - 29. The average molecular ratio of HCl/SO2 and HCl/HF were 0.41 + or - 0.26 and 14 + or - 12 in the Guatemalan eruption plumes.
Lazrus, A. L.↗
Halogen and phosphorus storage in the earth
Chemical analyses of surface reservoirs, coupled with compositions for interior zones inferred from geophysical and geochemical data have been used to obtain a range of estimates of the bulk composition of the earth. It is suggested that (1) apatite with 3 wt% Fe, up to 1 wt% Cl, and 0.003 wt% Br is the principal mineral reservoir for halogens, and mica is a subsidiary reservoir; (2) apatite with 18 wt% P is the principal store of P in the upper mantle and perhaps lower mantle, but accounts for only one-twentieth of P in the earth; and (3) the remaining P is in a reservoir inaccessible to magmatism, and may amount to a maximum of 0.7 wt% in the core.
Smith, J. V.↗
Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) gas cell life test program
The Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) will use gas filter correlation radiometry to measure the atmospheric concentration profiles of HCl, HF, NO, and CH4 from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite. The need to contain the gases for the gas filter measurements has resulted in the development of gas cells and the need for a life test program to demonstrate that the gas cells will perform their functions for extended periods (several years) of time. This report describes the tests in the life test program, the test apparatus used, and the analysis techniques developed. The report also presents data obtained during the first 14 months of the test program.
Sullivan, E. M.↗
Halogen occultation experiment intergrated test plan
The test program plan is presented for the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) instrument, which is being developed in-house at the Langley Research Center for the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). This comprehensive test program was developed to demonstrate that the HALOE instrument meets its performance requirements and maintains integrity through UARS flight environments. Each component, subsystem, and system level test is described in sufficient detail to allow development of the necessary test setups and test procedures. Additionally, the management system for implementing this test program is given. The HALOE instrument is a gas correlation radiometer that measures vertical distribution of eight upper atmospheric constituents: O3, HC1, HF, NO, CH4, H2O, NO2, and CO2.
Mauldin, L. E., III↗
Analysis of the physical atomic forces between noble gas atoms, alkali ions and halogen ions
The physical forces between atoms and molecules are important in a number of processes of practical importance, including line broadening in radiative processes, gas and crystal properties, adhesion, and thin films. The components of the physical forces between noble gas atoms, alkali ions, and halogen ions are analyzed and a data base for the dispersion forces is developed from the literature based on evaluations with the harmonic oscillator dispersion model for higher order coefficients. The Zener model of the repulsive core is used in the context of the recent asymptotic wave functions of Handler and Smith; and an effective ionization potential within the Handler and Smith wave functions is defined to analyze the two body potential data of Waldman and Gordon, the alkali-halide molecular data, and the noble gas crystal and salt crystal data. A satisfactory global fit to this molecular and crystal data is then reproduced by the model to within several percent. Surface potentials are evaluated for noble gas atoms on noble gas and salt crystal surfaces with surface tension neglected. Within this context, the noble gas surface potentials on noble gas and salt crystals are considered to be accurate to within several percent.
Wilson, J. W.↗
Halogen occultation experiment (HALOE) performance verification test procedure
The Performance Verification Test Procedure is given for the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) instrument, which is being developed in house at the Langley Research Center for the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). This procedure is used for comprehensive performance testing of the HALOE instrument which occurs before, during, and after flight environmental tests. The radiometric performance tests include noise, drift, linearity, instantaneous field-of-view, cal wheel gas cell characterization, and self thermal emissions. Pointer/tracker performance tests include sun sensor performance, gimbal performance, control system performance, and boresight alignment. In addition, the instrument is tested functionally in simulated orbit sequences and all command operating modes are exercised. The data analysis required for each test is specified and pass/fail criteria are given where applicable. This test will fully demonstrate the HALOE instrument's ability to achieve science mission requirements. The HALOE instrument is a gas correlation radiometer that measures vertical distribution of eight upper atmospheric constituents: O3, HCl, HF, NO, CH4, H2O, NO2, and CO2.
Mauldin, L. E., III↗