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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3

Simulation of a Cold Gas Thruster System and Test Data Correlation

During developmental testing of the Ascent Abort 1 (AA-1) cold gas thruster system, unexpected behavior was detected. Upon further review the design as it existed may not have met the requirements. To determine the best approach for modifying the design, the system was modeled with a dynamic fluid analysis tool (EASY5). The system model consisted of the nitrogen storage tank, pressure regulator, thruster valve, nozzle, and the associated interconnecting line lengths. The regulator and thruster valves were modeled using a combination of the fluid and mechanical modules available in EASY5. The simulation results were then compared against actual system test data. The simulation results exhibited behaviors similar to the test results, such as the pressure regulators response to thruster firings. Potential design solutions were investigated using the analytical model parameters, including increasing the volume downstream of the regulator and increasing the orifice area. Both were shown to improve the regulator response.

Hauser, Daniel M.

Development of computer models for correlating data of film cooling of nose cone under hypersonic flow

A 12.5 degree half cone with tangential slot injection at Mach 6.95 was studied to determine the heating rates to the surface of the body near and far downstream of the slot. The cone had a zero degree angle of attack. The heating rates were obtained using a computer program that was developed at NASA-Langley Research Center. The concentration of nitrogen from the slot into the boundary layer was also determined. The ratio of slot to freestream was varied to determine its effect on heating. The numerical heating rates were compared to other correlations obtained from experimental studies as well as theoretical laminar and turbulent results.

Sharpe, L., Jr.

LDEF data correlation to existing NASA debris environment models

The Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) was recovered in January 1990, following 5.75 years exposure of about 130 sq. m to low-Earth orbit. About 25 sq. m of this surface area was aluminum 6061 T-6 exposed in every direction. In addition, about 17 sq. m of Scheldahl G411500 silver-Teflon thermal control blankets were exposed in 9 of the 12 directions. Since the LDEF was gravity gradient stabilized and did not rotate, the directional dependence of the flux can be easily distinguished. During the disintegration of the LDEF, all impact features larger than 0.5 mm into aluminum were documented for diameters and locations. In addition, the diameters and locations of all impact features larger than 0.3 mm into Scheldahl G411500 thermal control blankets were also documented. This data, along with additional information collected from LDEF materials will be compared with current meteoroid and debris models. This comparison will provide a validation of the models and will identify discrepancies between the models and the data.

Atkinson, Dale R.

Coolant-side heat-transfer rates for a hydrogen-oxygen rocket and a new technique for data correlation

An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the coolant-side, heat transfer coefficients for a liquid cooled, hydrogen-oxygen rocket thrust chamber. Heat transfer rates were determined from measurements of local hot gas wall temperature, local coolant temperature, and local coolant pressure. A correlation incorporating an integration technique for the transport properties needed near the pseudocritical temperature of liquid hydrogen gives a satisfactory prediction of hot gas wall temperatures.

Schacht, R. L.

Prediction and verification of creep behavior in metallic materials and components for the space shuttle thermal protection system. Volume 3, phase 3: Full size heat shield data correlation and design criteria

Analysis methods for predicting cyclic creep deflection in stiffened metal panel structures, were applied to full size panels. Results were compared with measured deflections from cyclic tests of thin gage L605, Rene' 41, and TDNiCr full size corrugation stiffened panels. A design criteria was then formulated for metallic thermal protection panels subjected to creep. A computer program was developed to calculate creep deflections.

Cramer, B. A.

Estimation of tunnel blockage from wall pressure signatures: A review and data correlation

A method is described for estimating low speed wind tunnel blockage, including model volume, bubble separation and viscous wake effects. A tunnel-centerline, source/sink distribution is derived from measured wall pressure signatures using fast algorithms to solve the inverse problem in three dimensions. Blockage may then be computed throughout the test volume. Correlations using scaled models or tests in two tunnels were made in all cases. In many cases model reference area exceeded 10% of the tunnel cross-sectional area. Good correlations were obtained regarding model surface pressures, lift drag and pitching moment. It is shown that blockage-induced velocity variations across the test section are relatively unimportant but axial gradients should be considered when model size is determined.

Hackett, J. E.

The coherence length of the peculiar velocity field in the universe and the large-scale galaxy correlation data

This study presents a method for obtaining the true rms peculiar flow in the universe on scales up to 100-120/h Mpc using APM data as an input assuming only that peculiar motions are caused by peculiar gravity. The comparison to the local (Great Attractor) flow is expected to give clear information on the density parameter, Omega, and the local bias parameter, b. The observed peculiar flows in the Great Attractor region are found to be in better agreement with the open (Omega = 0.1) universe in which light traces mass (b = 1) than with a flat (Omega = 1) universe unless the bias parameter is unrealistically large (b is not less than 4). Constraints on Omega from a comparison of the APM and PV samples are discussed.

Kashlinsky, A.

Hall Thruster Thermal Modeling and Test Data Correlation

HERMeS - Hall Effect Rocket with Magnetic Shielding. Developed through a joint effort by NASA/GRC and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Design goals: High power (12.5 kW) high Isp (3000 sec), high efficiency (> 60%), high throughput (10,000 kg), reduced plasma erosion and increased life (5 yrs) to support Asteroid Redirect Robotic Mission (ARRM). Further details see "Performance, Facility Pressure Effects and Stability Characterization Tests of NASAs HERMeS Thruster" by H. Kamhawi and team. Hall Thrusters (HT) inherently operate at elevated temperatures approx. 600 C (or more). Due to electric magnetic (E x B) fields used to ionize and accelerate propellant gas particles (i.e., plasma). Cooling is largely limited to radiation in vacuum environment.Thus the hardware components must withstand large start-up delta-T's. HT's are constructed of multiple materials; assorted metals, non-metals and ceramics for their required electrical and magnetic properties. To mitigate thermal stresses HT design must accommodate the differential thermal growth from a wide range of material Coef. of Thermal Expansion (CTEs). Prohibiting the use of some bolted/torqued interfaces.Commonly use spring loaded interfaces, particularly at the metal-to-ceramic interfaces to allow for slippage.However most component interfaces must also effectively conduct heat to the external surfaces for dissipation by radiation.Thus contact pressure and area are important.

Model

Correlation of LEND and Diviner Data

Correlated results from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's (LRO) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) and Lunar Orbiting Laser Altimeter (LOLA) suggest insolation effects influence the spatial distribution of Lunar H poleward of 60deg latitude. Diviner results indicate an insolation induced thermal contrast between pole-facing and equator-facing slopes of crater walls. Our research shows that the contrasting thermal conditions observed in pole-facing vs equator-facing slopes and epithermal neutron rates from LEND are positively correlated. Numerical transformations of LOLA topography facilitated a systematic decomposition of LEND epithermal maps as a function of insolation effects. The results suggest a significantly positive local epithermal contrast in these regions. Comparing pole-facing and equator-facing slopes, we find that the pole-facing slopes show epithermal neutron suppression ranging from -0.005 to 0.02 cps relative to the equator-facing slopes .. We further investigate insolation effects on epithermal neutrons by comparing the predicted insolation contrast derived from the 3-D LOLA topography model with the LEND results. We also investigate and discuss the possibility of slope mass wasting effects being correlated with our insolation-effect hypothesis

McClanahan, Tim