The battery charger for the atmosphere Explorer B spacecraft
Battery charger for Atmosphere Explorer B spacecraft - packaging in aluminum frame rectangular configuration with three separate compartments
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Battery charger for Atmosphere Explorer B spacecraft - packaging in aluminum frame rectangular configuration with three separate compartments
Interplanetary Monitoring Probe (IMP) spacecrafts H, I, and J utilize a direct energy transfer (DET) type of power system operating from a solar array source. A shunt type of regulator prevents the bus voltage from exceeding a preset voltage level. The power system utilizes a single differential amplifier with dual outputs to control the battery charge/shunt regulator and the discharge regulator. A two-voltage level, current limited, series charger and a current sensor control battery state of charge of the silver-cadmium battery pack. Premature termination of the battery charge is prevented by a power available gate that also initiates charge current to the battery upon availability of excess power.
Software programs are described, one which implements a voltage regulation function, and one which implements a charger function with peak-power tracking of its input. The software, written in modular fashion, is intended as a vehicle for further experimentation with the P-3 system. A control teleprinter allows an operator to make parameter modifications to the control algorithm during experiments. The programs require 3K ROM and 2K ram each. User manuals for each system are included as well as a third program for simple I/O control.
Battery-charger concept for wheelchairs includes magnetic-flux coupling instead of electrical connections between power sources and wheelchairs. Concept meant to facilitate operation by patients whose disabilities make it difficult or impossible to maneuver common electrical plugs into or out of ac wall outlets.
Experimental charge-generating apparatus supplies nanocoulomb charges to small objects. Purpose of experiment to develop contactless charger for solid or liquid spheroids in contactless (levitation) processing. Circuit generates high-voltage RF Pulses, applied between two electrodes in each set. Also applies 60 Hz high accelerating voltage between two sets of electrodes. Two sets of electrodes made of conductive paint on acrylic sheets, placed diametrically opposite each other in supporting cylinder.
A full-charge indicator for battery chargers, includes a transistor which is in a conductive state as long as charging current to the battery is not less than a level which indicates that the battery did not reach full charge. When the battery reaches full charge, a voltage drop in a resistor in the charging current path is not sufficient to maintain the transistor in a conducting state, and therefore it is switched off. When this occurs an LED is turned on, to indicate a full charge state of the battery. A photocoupler together with a photocoupler transistor are included. When the transistor is off, the photocoupler activates the photocoupler transistor to shunt out a resistor, thereby reducing the charging current to the battery to a float charging current and prevent the battery from being overcharged and damaged.
Beginning with Artemis III, NASA plans to deploy science instruments on the moon near a South Pole landing site. To extend lunar science operations, an EVA compatible LESSH Battery Charger Module (BCM) enables recharging and hard-line data transfer at the modular GFP Interface Bank on the Human Landing System (HLS) or other Artemis vehicles. The LESSH BCM provides an ergonomic interface for astronauts to connect instruments to HLS power and data interfaces. The BCM provides battery charge monitoring and enables data transfer via a flexible harness. LESSH-Placed is an instrument package that can be deployed by astronauts and re-charged via an Artemis vehicle, enabling extended science operations.
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The Jet Propulsion Labortory Mars Exploration Program Office is currently planning a series of execiting missions to the Red Planet.
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In this paper, a novel three-phase converter is proposed for ac to dc wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for electric vehicle (EV) charging applications. The proposed innovative solution, called as Oak Ridge Converter, reduces the design complexity and cost by eliminating the front-end converter stage compared to the conventional systems. Additionally, grid side requirements can be met with the proposed creative concept. In this concept, the three-phase single-stage Oak Ridge Converter directly converts the 60 Hz grid frequency into high-frequency voltage and utilizes hybrid grid-source and high-frequency to realize power transfer from AC source through resonant network and coupling coils to the battery load. Simulation validation of the proposed three-phase system is currently being carried on and the results will be will be provided to validate the theoretical studies with the input of 277 VAC,RMS and output of 675 VDC at 35 kW power. The system current total harmonic distortion (THD) is measured 5% with a power factor (PF) of 0.98 and overall hardware development of the system that will be used for experiments is presented.
In this paper, a 1 MHz single-phase Oak Ridge Converter (ORC) AC/DC wireless power transfer (WPT) system is introduced for unmanned air vehicle (UAV) charging applications. The proposed advanced solution eliminates the design, weight, volume, and the cost of the power factor correcting (PFC) front-end rectifier compared to the conventional practices. Additionally, grid power quality requirements can be achieved with the presented innovative idea. With this method, single stage WPT primary side uses the hybrid grid frequency and high frequency (60 Hz and 1 MHZ) from ac source through the coupler coils and to UAV battery with GaN FETs. Experimental results of the single-phase system is presented to confirm the mathematical analyses with the source voltage of 110 VAC, RMS and output voltage of 40 VDC at 1 kW power with 6 inches air gap between couplers. The primary coupler consists of a ferrite-backed single-turn coil with a radius of 1.5 ft, and the secondary coupler is made with an air-core single-turn coil with radius of 1.2 ft. The system overall ac to dc efficiency is measured 77 % acquiring 0.99 power factor (PF) and 3.3 % current total harmonic distortion (THD) at 1 kW power.
In this paper, an automated controller for an integrated, reconfigurable dc-dc converter for plugin electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. The integrated converter combines both an interleaved boost converter and dual active bridge (DAB) converter, sharing magnetics and switching devices. The converter switches between operating modes using the existing battery management system (BMS) contactors. The integrated converter operates in isolated DAB mode during battery charging operation. During traction operation, the integrated converter is operated in interleaved boost mode for heavy load and DAB mode during light load, high voltage operation. An online transition algorithm is used to transition from interleaved boost mode to DAB mode with minimal bus distortion. The automated controller selects the operating mode and inverter bus voltage at different torque-speed conditions to get maximum overall traction drive efficiency. An experimental prototype of the integrated converter demonstrates the automated controller functionality.
In this paper, the resiliency of a megawatt-scale EV charging station is investigated. Fault detection and tolerance methodologies are presented, based on monitoring the voltage offsets in DABs and switch-level currents in three-phase inverters, with the goal of maintaining operation at rated power during single faults and at reduced power under multiple fault conditions. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, simulation results at the rated 1 MW power of the charging station are carried out, followed by controller hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) experiments on a 250 kW section of the station. The results highlight the feasibility of the integrated fault-tolerant methods for resilient, high-power EV charging infrastructure.
Abstract not provided.
Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology extends the role of Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle’s (PHEV) and Battery Electric Vehicle’s (BEV) batteries beyond transportation by enabling bidirectional power transfer between the vehicle's onboard energy storage and the utility grid. Modern battery-powered vehicles are equipped with high-capacity battery packs that remain stationary and underutilized for the majority of their operational life. A vehicle used for daily commuting may be parked and connected to charging infrastructure for 18–20 hours per day, representing a significant untapped energy resource. When considered at scale, the aggregated storage capacity of a modest fleet of 10–15 vehicles within a single parking facility can reach the MWh range, sufficient to partially offset peak demand for a mid-size commercial building or contribute meaningful ancillary services to the local grid. The ability to charge during off-peak periods when electricity prices are low and discharge during peak demand when prices are high positions EV batteries as distributed energy arbitrage assets, with the potential to offset vehicle ownership and charging costs. Beyond energy arbitrage, V2G-capable assets can provide ancillary grid services through active and reactive power injections. Active power supports grid frequency regulation, while reactive power supports local voltage regulation. Together, these capabilities establish V2G as a technically promising and economically relevant pathway toward greater integration of battery-powered vehicles into the broader energy system.
Automatically charging battery of electric storage cells
This investigation describes the capacitor failures and to identify the cause of the failure mechanism. Early failures were thought to have happened because of age and/or abuse since the failed capacitors were dated 1967. It is shown that all 1967 capacitors were replaced with 1972 capacitors.