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Avalanche Photoemission in Suspended Carbon Nanotubes: Light without Heat
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How Does Mg 2+ (aq) Interact with ATP (aq) ? Biomolecular Structure through the Lens of Liquid-Jet Photoemission Spectroscopy
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Field propagation-induced directionality of carrier-envelope phase-controlled photoemission from nanospheres
Near-fields of non-resonantly laser-excited nanostructures enable strong localization of ultrashort light fields and have opened novel routes to fundamentally modify and control electronic strong-field processes. Harnessing spatiotemporally tunable near-fields for the steering of sub-cycle electron dynamics may enable ultrafast optoelectronic devices and unprecedented control in the generation of attosecond electron and photon pulses. Here we utilize unsupported sub-wavelength dielectric nanospheres to generate near-fields with adjustable structure and study the resulting strong-field dynamics via photoelectron imaging. We demonstrate field propagation-induced tunability of the emission direction of fast recollision electrons up to a regime, where nonlinear charge interaction effects become dominant in the acceleration process. In conclusion, our analysis supports that the timing of the recollision process remains controllable with attosecond resolution by the carrier-envelope phase, indicating the possibility to expand near-field-mediated control far into the realm of high-field phenomena.
The curious case of CdTe/CdS: photoabsorption versus photoemission
Abstract not provided
Photoelectron circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission from liquid fenchone
We present the first X-ray photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) study from a liquid phase sample, exemplified for liquid fenchone at the C 1s edge.
Electron–phonon interaction and ultrafast photoemission from doped monolayer MoS 2
We have examined the effect of electron–phonon coupling on photoluminescence and ultrafast response of electron doped monolayer MoS2, using a combination of density functional theory, time dependent density functional theory, and many-body theory. For small doping (~1–3%) of interest here, the electron–phonon coupling parameter is modest (~0.1–0.2) but its effect on the emissive properties and response of the system to femtosecond (fs) laser pulses is striking. We find an ultrafast (fs) relaxation of the electronic subsystem as well as a high fluence of visible light emission induced by electron phonon interaction. Together with high carrier mobility, these features of monolayer MoS2 may be relevant for optoelectronic technologies.
Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet photoemission without space charge
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Temperature-induced martensite in magnetic shape memory Fe{sub 2}MnGa observed by photoemission electron microscopy
The magnetic domain structure in single crystals of a Heusler shape memory compound near the composition Fe{sub 2}MnGa was observed during phase transition by photoelectron emission microscopy at Beamline 11.0.1.1 of the Advanced Light Source. The behavior is comparable with recent observations of an adaptive martensite phase in prototype Ni{sub 2}MnGa, although the pinning in the recent work is an epitaxial interface and in this work the e ective pinning plane is a boundary between martensitic variants that transform in a self-accommodating way from the single crystal austenite phase present at high temperatures. Temperature dependent observations of the twinning structure give information as to the coupling behavior between the magnetism and the structural evolution.
Nitrogen termination of single crystal (100) diamond surface by radio frequency N{sub 2} plasma process: An in-situ x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and secondary electron emission studies
In this letter, we report the electronic and chemical properties of nitrogen terminated (N-terminated) single crystal (100) diamond surface, which is a promising candidate for shallow NV{sup −} centers. N-termination is realized by an indirect RF nitrogen plasma process without inducing a large density of surface defects. Thermal stability and electronic property of N-terminated diamond surface are systematically investigated under well-controlled conditions by in-situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary electron emission. An increase in the low energy cut-off of the secondary electron energy distribution curve (EDC), with respect to a bare diamond surface, indicates a positive electron affinity of the N-terminated diamond. Exposure to atomic hydrogen results in reorganization of N-terminated diamond to H-terminated diamond, which exhibited a negative electron affinity surface. The change in intensity and spectral features of the secondary electron EDC of the N-terminated diamond is discussed.
Design of a high-bunch-charge 112-MHz superconducting RF photoemission electron source
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Reversed interfacial fractionation of carbonate and bicarbonate evidenced by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy
In this paper, the fractionation of ions at liquid interfaces and its effects on the interfacial structure are of vital importance in many scientific fields. Of particular interest is the aqueous carbonate system, which governs both the terrestrial carbon cycle and physiological respiration systems. We have investigated the relative fractionation of carbonate, bicarbonate, and carbonic acid at the liquid/vapor interface finding that both carbonate (CO 3 2- ) and carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) are present in higher concentrations than bicarbonate (HCO 3 - ) in the interfacial region. While the interfacial enhancement of a neutral acid relative to a charged ion is expected, the enhancement of doubly charged, strongly hydrated carbonate anion over the singly charged, less strongly hydrated bicarbonate ion is surprising. As vibrational sum frequency generation experiments have concluded that both carbonate and bicarbonate anions are largely excluded from the air/water interface, the present results suggest that there exists a significant accumulation of carbonate below the depletion region outside of the area probed by sum frequency generation.
Laser induced phase transition in epitaxial FeRh layers studied by pump-probe valence band photoemission
We use time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to probe the electronic and magnetization dynamics in FeRh films after ultrafast laser excitations. We present experimental and theoretical results which investigate the electronic structure of FeRh during the first-order phase transition, identifying a clear signature of the magnetic phase. We find that a spin polarized feature at the Fermi edge is a fingerprint of the magnetic status of the system that is independent of the long-range ferromagnetic alignment of the magnetic domains. We use this feature to follow the phase transition induced by a laser pulse in a pump-probe experiment and find that the magnetic transition occurs in less than 50 ps and reaches its maximum in 100 ps.
Operando study of Pd(100) surface during CO oxidation using ambient pressure x-ray photoemission spectroscopy
The surface chemical states of Pd(100) during CO oxidation were investigated using ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. Under the reactant ratio of CO/O 2 = 0.1, i.e. an oxygen-rich reaction condition, the formation of surface oxides was observed with the onset of CO oxidation reaction at T = 525 K. As the reactant ratio (CO/O 2 ) increased from 0.1 to 1.0, ~ 90 % surface oxides remains on surface during the reaction. Upon the formation of surface oxides, the core level shift of oxygen gas phase peak was observed, indicating that change of surface work function. As CO oxidation takes places, i.e. making a transition from CO covered surface to the oxidic surface, the work functions of surface oxide on Pd(100) and Pt(110) display opposite behavior.
Monte Carlo modeling of spin-polarized photoemission from p -doped bulk GaAs
Here, the anticorrelation between quantum efficiency (QE) and electron spin polarization (ESP) from a ρ-doped GaAs activated to negative electron affinity is studied in detail using an ensemble Monte Carlo approach. The photoabsorption, momentum and spin relaxation during transport, and tunneling of electrons through the surface potential barrier are modeled to identify fundamental mechanisms, which limit the efficiency of GaAs spin-polarized electron sources. In particular, we study the response of QE and ESP to various parameters, such as the photoexcitation energy, doping density, and electron affinity level. Our modeling results for various transport and emission characteristics are in good agreement with available experimental data. Our findings show that the behavior of both QE and ESP at room temperature can be fully explained by the bulk relaxation mechanisms and the time that electrons spend in the material before being emitted.
Photoemission characterization of N-polar III-nitride photocathodes as candidate bright electron beam sources for accelerator applications
We report on the growth and characterization of a new class of photocathode structures for use as electron sources to produce high brightness electron beams for accelerator applications. The sources are realized using III-nitride materials and are designed to leverage the strong polarization field, which is characteristic of this class of materials when grown in their wurtzite crystal structure, to produce a negative electron affinity condition without the use of Cs, possibly allowing these materials to be operated in radio frequency guns. A Quantum Efficiency (QE) of about 1×10−3 and an emitted electrons’ Mean Transverse Energy (MTE) of about 100 meV are measured at a wavelength of 265 nm. In a vacuum level of 3×10−10 Torr, the QE does not decrease after more than 24 h of continuous operation. The lowest MTE of about 50 meV is measured at 300 nm along with a QE of 1.5×10−5. Surface characterizations reveal a possible contribution to the MTE from surface morphology, calling for more detailed studies.