Synthesis Gas Conversion Over Molybdenum-Based Catalysts Promoted by Transition Metals
Abstract not provided
Zhang, Lifeng↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Atomically Dispersed Au-(OH) x Species Bound on Titania Catalyze the Low-Temperature Water-Gas Shift Reaction
We report a new method for stabilizing appreciable loadings (~1 wt %) of isolated gold atoms on titania and show that these catalyze the low-temperature water-gas shift reaction. The method combines a typical gold deposition/precipitation method with UV irradiation of the titania support suspended in ethanol. Dissociation of H 2 O on the thus-created Au–O–TiO x sites is facile. At higher gold loadings, nanoparticles are formed, but they were shown to add no further activity to the atomically bound gold on titania. Removal of this “excess” gold by sodium cyanide leaching leaves the activity intact and the atomically dispersed gold still bound on titania. The new materials may catalyze a number of other reactions that require oxidized active metal sites.
Yang, Ming↗
Two-dimensional electron gas in a modulation-doped SrTiO{sub 3}/Sr(Ti, Zr)O{sub 3} heterostructure
A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in SrTiO{sub 3} is created via modulation doping by interfacing undoped SrTiO{sub 3} with a wider-band-gap material, SrTi{sub 1−x}Zr{sub x}O{sub 3}, which is doped n-type with La. All layers are grown using hybrid molecular beam epitaxy. Using magnetoresistance measurements, we show that electrons are transferred into the SrTiO{sub 3}, and a 2DEG is formed. In particular, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are shown to depend only on the perpendicular magnetic field. Experimental Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are compared with calculations that assume multiple occupied subbands.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Landau level crossing in a spin-orbit coupled two-dimensional electron gas
Not Available
Wu, Xing-Jun↗
Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) Study for a Carbon Capture Plant Retrofit to a Natural Gas-Fired Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Power Plant
A comprehensive front-end engineering design (FEED) study has been undertaken for a post-combustion capture (PCC) unit located at Panda’s Sherman natural gas–combined cycle (NGCC) power plant in Sherman, Texas. This is described in a full and unredacted FEED study report with all supporting documents, numbering over 150, also publicly available.
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
Research in gas-surface interaction. part ii- a shock tube driven molecular beam for gas-surface interaction experiments final report, 1964-1965
Shock tube driven molecular beam for gas-surface interaction experiments
GAS↗
Multiscale model based design of an energy–intensified novel adsorptive reactor process for the water gas shift reaction
In this work, an adsorptive reactor (AR) process is considered that can energetically intensify the water gas shift reaction (WGSR). To best understand AR process behavior, a multiscale, dynamic, process model is developed. This multiscale model enables the quantification of catalyst and adsorbent effectiveness factors within the reactor environment, obliviating the commonly employed assumption that these factors are constant. Simulations of the AR's alternating adsorption-reaction/desorption operation, using the proposed model, illustrate rapid convergence to a long-term periodic solution. The obtained simulation results quantify the influence of key operating conditions and design parameters (e.g., reactor temperature/pressure, W cat /F CO , W ad /F CO , F H2O /F CO ratios, and pellet size) on the AR's behavior. Finally, they also demonstrate, for pellet diameters used at the industrial scale, significant temporal and axial variation of the catalyst/adsorbent pellet effectiveness factors. Finally, the energetic intensification benefits of the proposed AR process over conventional WGSR packed-bed reactors are quantified.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Isomer-Tailored Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes with High Gas Separation Performance
Not provided.
Chemistry↗
Experimental investigation of a reticulated porous alumina heat exchanger for high temperature gas heat recovery
The present study presents an experimental study of a prototype counter-flow heat exchanger designed to recover sensible heat from inert and reactive gases flowing through a high temperature solar reactor for splitting CO2. The tube-in-tube heat exchanger is comprised of two concentric alumina tubes, each filled with reticulated porous alumina with a nominal porosity of 80% and pore density of 5 pores per inch (ppi). The RPC provides high heat transfer surface area per unit volume (917 m(-1)) with low pressure drop. Measurements include the permeability, inertial coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient, effectiveness and pressure drop. For laminar flow and an inlet gas temperature of 1240 K, the overall heat transfer coefficients are 36-41 W m(-2) K-1. The measured performance is in good agreement with a prior CFD model of the heat exchanger. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Banerjee, A↗
Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions analysis of catalysts for hydrotreating of fast pyrolysis bio-oil
Not Available
Snowden-Swan, L. J.↗
Particulate and Trace Gas Emissions from Prescribed Burns in Southeastern U.S. fuel types: Summary of a 5-year Project
Prescribed burning is an accepted practice to manage biomass in the United States and throughout the world. It is a particularly important practice in pine forests throughout the world, many of which have evolved in the presence of fire [1]. A recent survey [2] of prescribed fire use reported that 2.62 x 106 ha of forest land in the southeastern U.S. (defined by the National Association of State Foresters) burned in 2011 for silvicultural purposes such as hazardous fuel reduction, wildlife habitat improvement, and forest regeneration. Earlier surveys reported 0.9 to 1.7 x 106 ha of prescribed burning in the southern U.S. [3–5] using different survey techniques. While it is not possible to determine confidence intervals on these estimates, it is clear that the use of prescribed burning has increased since the first published estimate of 1 x 106 ha we were able to locate or the recent survey captured more information. Smoke is an important consequence of prescribed burning that must be managed, [6] and a great deal of research has been performed since the 1970s trying to characterize the composition, production, and transport of smoke from such fires. A recent review of the state of science behind estimation of the contribution of wildland fire to greenhouse gases and black carbon in the U.S. identified several areas of research that must be performed [7]. In particular, two areas of knowledge that still need improvement are fuel characterization and smoke emissions, and the correlation(s) between the two. While many fuel types in the southeastern U.S. have been described for fire behavior and fire danger prediction, characterization of fuel bed components important for smoke production is more limited. Emissions characterization, both chemical and particulate, is needed to determine potential impacts of prescribed burning on nutrient cycling, planetary albedo, human health, and highway visibility [e.g. 8–10].
Weise, David↗