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At least 523 records · Page 29
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Muon Beam Tracking and Spin-Orbit Correlations for Precision g-2 Measurements

The main goal of the Muon g-2 Experiment (g-2) at Fermilab is to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment to unprecedented precision. This new measurement will allow to test the completeness of the Standard Model (SM) and to validate other theoretical models beyond the SM. The close interplay of the understanding of particle beam dynamics and the preparation of the beam properties with the experimental measurement is tantamount to the reduction of systematic errors in the determination of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We describe progress in developing detailed calculations and modeling of the muon beam delivery system in order to obtain a better understanding of spin-orbit correlations, nonlinearities, and more realistic aspects that contribute to the systematic errors of the g-2 measurement. Our simulation is meant to provide statistical studies of error effects and quick analyses of running conditions for when g-2 is taking beam, among others. We are using COSY, a differential algebra solver developed at Michigan State University that will also serve as an alternative to compare results obtained by other simulation teams of the g-2 Collaboration.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Muon Acceleration Concepts for Future Neutrino Factory

Here, we summarize current state of concept for muon acceleration aimed at future Neutrino Factory. The main thrust of these studies was to reduce the overall cost while maintaining performance through exploring interplay between complexity of the cooling systems and the acceptance of the accelerator complex. To ensure adequate survival of the short-lived muons, acceleration must occur at high average gradient. The need for large transverse and longitudinal acceptances drives the design of the acceleration system to initially low RF frequency, e.g. 325 MHz, and then increased to 650 MHz, as the transverse size shrinks with increasing energy. High-gradient normal conducting RF cavities at these frequencies require extremely high peak-power RF sources. Hence superconducting RF (SRF) cavities are chosen. Here, we considered two cost effective schemes for accelerating muon beams for a stagable Neutrino Factory: Exploration of the so-called 'dual-use' linac concept, where the same linac structure is used for acceleration of both H- and muons and alternatively, the SRF efficient design based on multi-pass (4.5) 'dogbone' RLA, extendable to multi-pass FFAG-like arcs.

Bogacz, Slawomir Alex↗
DOE OSTI2018

Muon Beam Dynamics and Spin Dynamics in the g-2 Storage Ring

The goal of the new g-2 experiment at fermilab is a measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, with uncertainty of less than 140 ppb. The experimental method is to store a beam of polarized muons in a storage ring with pure vertical dipole field and electrostatic focusing, and to measure the precession frequency. Control of the systematics depends on unprecedented knowledge of the details of the phase space of the muon distribution. That knowledge is derived from direct measurements with scintillating fiber detectors that are inserted into the muon beam for diagnostic measurements, traceback straw tube tracking chambers, as well as the calorimeters that measure energy, time and position of the decay positrons. The interpretation of the measurements depends on a detailed model of the storage ring guide field. This invited talk presents results of studies of the distribution from the commissioning run of the experiment.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Commissioning the Superconducting Magnetic Inflector System for the Muon g-2 Experiment

The Fermilab muon g-2 experiment aims to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment with a precision of 140 ppb - a fourfold improvement over the 540 ppb precision obtained in the BNL muon g-2 experiment. Both of these high-precision experiments require an extremely uniform magnetic field in the muon storage ring. A superconducting magnetic inflector system is used to inject beam into the storage ring as close as possible to the design orbit while minimizing disturbances to the storage-region magnetic field. The Fermilab experiment is currently in its first data-taking run, where the Fermilab inflector system is the refurbished BNL inflector system. This discussion reviews the Fermilab inflector system refurbishment and commissioning.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Commissioning the Muon g-2 Experiment Electrostatic Quadrupole System

The Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment aims to measure the muon anomaly with a precision of 140 parts-per-billion (ppb) - a fourfold improvement over the 540 ppb precision obtained by the BNL Muon g-2 experiment. These high precision experiments both require a very uniform muon storage ring magnetic field that precludes the use of vertical-focusing magnetic quadrupoles. The Fermilab Electrostatic Quadrupole System (EQS) is the refurbished and upgraded BNL EQS, where this overview describes the Fermilab EQS and its recent operations.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Beam-Based Diagnostics of Electric Guide Fields and Lattice Parameters for Run-1 of the Muon g-2 Storage Ring at Fermilab

A portion of the Muon g-2 Storage Ring electric system, which provides vertical beam focusing, exhibited an unexpected time dependence that produced a characteristic evolution of the stored beam during Run-1 of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab (E989). A method to reconstruct the Run-1 electric guide fields has been developed, which is based on a numerical model of the muon storage ring and optimization algorithms supported by COSY INFINITY. This method takes beam profile measurements from the Muon g-2 straw tracking detectors as input, and it produces a full reconstruction of the time-dependent fields. The fields can then be used for the reproduction of detailed beam tracking simulations and the calculation of ring lattice parameters for acceptance studies and systematic error evaluations.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Dispersion Suppression for Wedge-Based Final Cooling at a 10 TeV Muon Collider

Achieving a luminosity of $\gtrsim 10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ in a $10 \text{ } TeV$ Muon Collider, given the short lifetime of a muon, requires reducing the 6D emittance of the muon beam through a process known as ionization cooling. In the final stage of this cooling process, the transverse emittance must be reduced to $22 \text{ } μm$, typically by allowing longitudinal emittance growth up to downstream acceptance limits. While the current International Muon Collider Collaboration designs involve $40 \text{ } T$ solenoids to reach the transverse emittance target, such high-field solenoids come with several challenges, including mechanical stress management, quench protection, and potential limitations in relying on High Temperature Superconductor technology. Designed as an alternative to using such solenoids while simultaneously reaching target transverse emittance, the previously proposed wedge-based, reverse emittance-exchange cooling scheme requires excellent dispersion suppression. In this study, we design and simulate a dispersion suppressor channel for the wedge-based final cooling design that reduces dispersion in the target direction to a target value of $D_x \sim 0.001 \text{ } m$.

Karaaslan, I. [Chicago U.] (ORCID:0000000337849879↗
DOE OSTI2026

Consideration of HTS rapid-cycling magnet for staged muon acceleration

The HTS conductor hysteresis dominates magnet cable power loss but is independent of the magnetic field ramping rate. This makes the HTS conductor suitable to power the rapid-cycling accelerator magnet. We present a possible application of the HTS rapid-cycling magnet as outlined in [1,2] for the staged muon acceleration including the front-end Recirculating Linear Accelerator and the followed-up Rapid Cycling Synchrotrons delivering the muon beams to the Muon Collider.[1] H. Piekarz, S. Otten, A. Kario, H. ten Kate, “Rapid-cycling HTS magnet for muon acceleration”, US MC Inaugural Meeting, FERMILAB-POSTER-24-0219-AD, August 7-9, 2024[2] H. Piekarz, B. Claypool, S. Hays, M. Kufer, V. Shiltsev, “Record High Ramping Rates in HTS Based Supercond. Accelerator Magnet”, MT 27, IEEE Trans. on Applied Superccond, 32 (2022) 6, 4100404

Piekarz, Henryk [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2019

The history of the muon (g-2) experiments

I discuss the history of the muon (g-2) ( g − 2 ) measurements, beginning with the Columbia-Nevis measurement that observed parity violation in muon decay, and also measured the muon g g -factor for the first time, finding g_\mu=2 g μ = 2 . The theoretical (Standard Model) value contains contributions from quantum electrodynamics, the strong interaction through hadronic vacuum polarization and hadronic light-by-light loops, as well as the electroweak contributions from the W W , Z Z and Higgs bosons. The subsequent experiments, first at Nevis and then with increasing precision at CERN, measured the muon anomaly a_\mu = (g_\mu-2)/2 a μ = ( g μ − 2 ) / 2 down to a precision of 7.3 parts per million (ppm). The Brookhaven National Laboratory experiment E821 increased the precision to 0.54 ppm, and observed for the first time the electroweak contributions. Interestingly, the value of a_\mu a μ measured at Brookhaven appears to be larger than the Standard Model value by greater than three standard deviations. A new experiment, Fermilab E989, aims to improve on the precision by a factor of four, to clarify whether this result is a harbinger of new physics entering through loops, or from some experimental, statistical or systematic issue.

Roberts, B. Lee↗
DOE OSTI2013

nuSTORM - Neutrinos from STORed Muons: Proposal to the Fermilab PAC

The nuSTORM facility has been designed to deliver beams of electron neutrinos and muon neutrinos (and their anti-particles) from the decay of a stored muon beam with a central momentum of 3.8 GeV/c and a momentum acceptance of 10%. The facility is unique in that it will: 1. Allow searches for sterile neutrinos of exquisite sensitivity to be carried out; 2. Serve future long- and short-baseline neutrino-oscillation programs by providing definitive measurements of electron neutrino and muon neutrino scattering cross sections off nuclei with percent-level precision; and 3. Constitutes the crucial first step in the development of muon accelerators as a powerful new technique for particle physics. The document describes the facility in detail and demonstrates its physics capabilities. This document was submitted to the Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee in consideration for Stage I approval.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

A Preliminary Consideration of Superconducting Rapid-Cycling Magnets for Muon Acceleration

An extensive technology development program, Muon Accelerator Program (MAP) [1], aimed at the construction of the Muon Collider is being pursued at Fermilab. There are a number of very difficult accelerator technologies that need to be developed for the successful construction of the Muon Collider. The rapid-cycling synchrotrons for the muon acceleration constitute one of them. At the MAP proposal the normal-conducting magnets are currently considered for the construction of the rapid-cycling synchrotrons. In this Note we outline possible application of High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) based magnets as the low power alternative to the proposed normal-conducting ones.

Piekarz, H.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Status Report of a High Luminosity Muon Collider and Future Research and Development Plans

Muon Colliders have unique technical and physics advantages and disadvantages when compared with both hadron and electron machines. They should thus be regarded as complementary. Parameters are given of 4 TeV and 0.5 TeV (c-of-m) high luminosity µ + µ − colliders, and of a 0.5 TeV lower luminosity demonstration machine. We discuss the various systems in such muon colliders, starting from the proton accelerator needed to generate the muons and proceeding through muon cooling, acceleration and storage in a collider ring. Detector background, polarization, and nonstandard operating conditions are analyzed. Finally, we present an R & D plan to determine whether such machines are practical, and, if they are, lead to the construction of a 0.5 TeV demonstration by 2010, and to a 4 TeV collider by the year 2020.

Palmer, Robert B.↗
DOE OSTI2012

Complete Muon Collider Cooling Channel Design & Simulations – Phase 1

Considerable progress has been made in developing promising subsystems for muon beam cooling channels to provide the extraordinary reduction of emittance required for an Energy-Frontier Muon Collider, but lacks an end-to-end design. Meanwhile, the recent discovery of a Higgs-like boson has created interest in the High Energy physics community for a Higgs Factory to investigate its properties and verify whether it is Standard Model or beyond. This project will develop principles and tools to match emittances between and within muon beam cooling subsystems that may have different characteristics. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which combines helical dipoles and a solenoid field, allows a general analytic approach to guide designs of transitions from one set of cooling channel parameters to another. These principles and tools will be applied to design a complete cooling channel that would be applicable to a Higgs Factory and an Energy Frontier Muon Collider.

Yoshikawa, Cary↗
DOE OSTI2013

Optimization of the muon stopping target for the MU2E collaboration [Thesis]

The Mu2e Experiment utilizes state of the art accelerators, superconducting magnets, detectors, electronics, and other equipment to maximize the sensitivity to such a rare process. Many of the components of the Mu2e hardware are critical to the overall physics capability of the experiment. The muon stopping target, where muons are stopped and may interact via this very rare process, is one such component where any improvements beyond the base design can have a significant impact on the experiment. This thesis explores possible modifications to the geometry of the muon stopping target. The goal is to determine if any modifications can improve the sensitivity of observing the muon conversion process.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Precision Search for Muon Antineutrino Disappearance Oscillations Using a Dual Baseline Technique

A search for short baseline muon antineutrino disappearance with the SciBooNE and MiniBooNE experiments at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois is presented. Short baseline muon antineutrino disappearance measurements help constrain sterile neutrino models. The two detectors observe muon antineutrinos from the same beam, therefore the combined analysis of their data sets serves to partially constrain some of the flux and cross section uncertainties. A likelihood ratio method was used to set a 90% confidence level upper limit on muon antineutrino disappearance that dramatically improves upon prior sterile neutrino oscillation limits in the Δm 2 =0.1-100 eV 2 region.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Complete Muon Collider Cooling Channel Design & Simulations

Considerable progress has been made in developing promising subsystems for muon beam cooling channels to provide the extraordinary reduction of emittance required for an Energy-Frontier Muon Collider, but lacks an end-to-end design. Meanwhile, the recent discovery of a Higgs-like boson has created interest in the High Energy physics community for a Higgs Factory to investigate its properties and verify whether it is Standard Model or beyond. This project will develop principles and tools to match emittances between and within muon beam cooling subsystems that may have different characteristics. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which combines helical dipoles and a solenoid field, allows a general analytic approach to guide designs of transitions from one set of cooling channel parameters to another. These principles and tools will be applied to design a complete cooling channel that would be applicable to a Higgs Factory and an Energy Frontier Muon Collider.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Future Muon Colliders, Higgs and Neutrino Factories

Over the past two decades there has been significant progress in developing the concepts and technologies needed to produce, capture, accelerate and collide high intensity beams of muons. At present, a high-luminosity multi-TeV muon collider presents an attractive and very cost-effective option for the next generation lepton-lepton collider, which can allow to fully explore the energy frontier of high energy particle physics in the era following the LHC discoveries. Of growing interest is also a low-energy μ+μ- collider – Higgs factory - at the center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}$=125 GeV that will produce copious number of Higgs particles and explore their properties in greater detail. Synergetic to the collider is the neutrino factory concept that is based on racetrack type muon-decay ring production of the neutrinos. Below we briefly review the concepts and feasibility of the muon accelerator facilities for particle physics research, discuss the status of the corresponding accelerator R&D, and outline directions of the future work.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

A pion-argon cross section measurement in the ProtoDUNE-SP experiment with cosmogenic muon

Neutrinos are tiny mysterious fundamental particles with small cross sections. Through neutrino physics, scientists across the world are trying to answer many intriguing questions about nature such as the dominance of matter over antimatter, CP violation in the lepton sector, number of supernovas in the early universe, etc. Detection of neutrinos requires massive particle detectors and intense neutrino beam owing to their small cross section. Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation neutrino experiment that is planned to start taking data beginning in 2026. DUNE will consist of 4 massive detectors, the first of which will be using single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) technology. The ProtoDUNE-SP experiment is a prototype of the DUNE built at the CERN neutrino platform and uses the same detector technology that will be used in DUNE first module. The ProtoDUNE-SP experiment collected months of test beam and cosmic ray data beginning in September 2018. It was built to provide a testbed for the installation of detector parts for DUNE, showing long-term stability of the detector, understanding detector response for different test beam particles (including protons, pions, electrons, kaons, muons), and measurement of hadron-argon cross sections. When a particle passes through LArTPC electron-ion pairs are produced. To reconstruct the position and energy of a particle passing through the medium knowledge of ionization electron drift velocity is essential. The electron drift velocity is distorted by an excess positive charge built up in the detector, known as space charge. This study discusses a novel technique for measuring the ionization electron drift velocity using cosmic-ray muons. The technique uses tracks that travel the entire drift distance of the TPC for drift velocity determination. Secondly, the study discusses a method for converting the charge deposited into energy. The method is carried out in two step s. In th e first step detector response for energetic cosmic ray muons crossing the entire the TPC is used to make the charge deposition uniform throughout the TPC, and in the second step stopping cosmic-ray muons are used for determining the energy scale. Finally, the study discusses a pion-argon cross section measurement based on reweighting of Monte Carlo simulations using J. Calcutt's Geant4Reweight framework. Neutrinos cannot be directly detected; they are identified based on the interaction products. Pions are a common interaction product in a neutrino interaction. For precise modeling of neutrino event generators, it is essential to understand the pion-argon interaction. Pion-argon cross section measurement serves as an important input for neutrino interaction models. The results of the pion-argon total reaction cross section using the Geant4 reweighting technique are found to be in good agreement with Geant4 predictions. The many studies carried out in the ProtoDUNE-SP experi ment wil l be useful for current and future neutrino experiments using LArTPC technology including ICARUS, MicroBooNE, DUNE

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗