Space programs summary no. 37-38, volume VI FOR the period January 1, 1966 to February 28, 1966. Space exploration programs and space sciences
Project activities and supporting research for space exploration programs
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Interplanetary flight projects
Reporting DSN support of active and planned interplanetary missions by Pioneer spacecraft
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Space Nuclear Propulsion Systems and Applications
The basic principles of the operation of a nuclear rocket engine are reviewed along with a summary of the early history. In addition, the technology status in the nuclear rocket program for development of the flight-rated NERVA engine is described, and applications for this 75,000-pound thrust engine and the results of nuclear stage studies are presented. Advanced research and supporting technology activities in the nuclear rocket program are also summarized.
Schwenk, F. C.↗
Corrugated battery electrode
Performance of porous electrodes in batteries and other electrochemical cells is greatly improved when supports for active material have pores of uniform size, extending completely through electrodes, from side to side, with no interconnections between pores.
Mccallum, J.↗
Honeycomb battery plaque
Performance of porous electrodes in batteries and other electrochemical cells is greatly improved when supports for active material have pores of uniform size, extending completely through electrodes, from side to side, with no interconnections between pores.
Schaer, G. R.↗
Study of the application of ERTS-A imagery to fracture-related mine safety hazards in the coal mining industry
The author has identified the following significant results. Various data compilation and analysis activities in support of ERTS-1 imagery interpretation are in progress or are completed. These include the compilation of mine accident data, areas of mine roof instability and the analysis of high altitude color infrared photography and low altitude color and color infrared photography which was acquired by NASA in support of the project. The photography reveals that many fracture lineaments are detectable through a varied thickness of glacial till. These data will be compiled on a series of 1:250,000 scale base maps and evaluated for a correlation between fracture zones and mine accidents and rooffalls. Due to high occurrence of cloud cover in the project area and to the delay in imagery shipments, little progress has been made in the analysis of ERTS-1 imagery.
Wier, C. E.↗
Common radiation analysis model for 75,000 pound thrust NERVA engine (1137400E)
The mathematical model and sources of radiation used for the radiation analysis and shielding activities in support of the design of the 1137400E version of the 75,000 lbs thrust NERVA engine are presented. The nuclear subsystem (NSS) and non-nuclear components are discussed. The geometrical model for the NSS is two dimensional as required for the DOT discrete ordinates computer code or for an azimuthally symetrical three dimensional Point Kernel or Monte Carlo code. The geometrical model for the non-nuclear components is three dimensional in the FASTER geometry format. This geometry routine is inherent in the ANSC versions of the QAD and GGG Point Kernal programs and the COHORT Monte Carlo program. Data are included pertaining to a pressure vessel surface radiation source data tape which has been used as the basis for starting ANSC analyses with the DASH code to bridge into the COHORT Monte Carlo code using the WANL supplied DOT angular flux leakage data. In addition to the model descriptions and sources of radiation, the methods of analyses are briefly described.
Warman, E. A.↗
EVA crew workstation provisions for Skylab and Space Shuttle missions
A synopsis of scheduled extravehicular activities (EVA) for a nominal Skylab mission is presented with an overview of EV workstation equipment developed for the program. Also included are the unprogrammed extravehicular activities and supporting equipment that was quickly developed and retrofitted in a series of successful operations to salvage the crippled Skylab Cluster during the Skylab 1 Mission. Because EVA appears to be a requirement for the Space Shuttle Program, candidate EV workstations are discussed in terms of effective and economical Shuttle payload servicing and maintenance. Several such concepts, which could provide a versatile, portable EV support system, are presented.
Brown, N. E.↗
On computer-aided design of aerospace vehicles
Digital computers are being used in many engineering activities to support design work. This paper provides an overview of some of this work as it relates to the design of aerospace vehicles. Discussions are given of some of the complexities of the design process which lead to large design costs and time. A number of important but disjointed computer capabilities have evolved over the years in analysis, optimization, and graphics, and such capabilities aid in addressing the problem of design complexity. Examples of existing computer-aided design (CAD) systems are given and trends for future CAD systems are indicated, as well as their relationship to pertinent data management technology. It is suggested that major gains in design capability will occur through continued development of CAD methodology and that these gains may be accelerated through a large focused effort.
Sobieszczanski, J. E.↗
Development of a new computer system for aircraft noise prediction
The paper presents an overview of the activities of NASA's Aircraft Noise Prediction Office (ANOPO). The principal goal of ANOPO is to develop a comprehensive, user-oriented, Aircraft Noise Prediction Program (ANOPP). ANOPO's activities in support of ANOPP development are briefly discussed. They include acquisition, implementation, and evaluation of an in-house, interim collection of programs and implementation of a plan for acquiring, in the form of Key Technology Documents, state-of-the-art methodology for aircraft noise prediction. The paper is primarily devoted to a presentation of the general architecture and functional capability planned for ANOPP together with the rationale supporting major design decisions.
Raney, J. P.↗
The Concept Verification Testing of a materials science payload
The Concept Verification Testing (CVT) project at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama is a developmental activity that supports Shuttle Payload projects such as Spacelab. It provides an operational one-g environment for testing NASA and other agency experiment and support systems concepts that may be used in Shuttle. A dedicated Materials Science Payload was tested in the General Purpose Laboratory (GPL) in December 1974 in order to assess the requirements of a Space Processing payload on a Spacelab type facility. Physical and functional integration of the experiments into the facility was studied, and the impact of the experiments on the facility (and vice versa) was evaluated. The Principal Investigators (PI) who had proposed experiments were onboard and in a consulting status on the ground. The significant results of the week-long simulation will be discussed.
Griner, C. S.↗
Local phenomena, chapter 3, part C
Oceanic and coastal phenomena with dimensions ranging to 100 km are dealt with. The two major categories discussed are waves, their generation and dynamics and ocean-land related problems. The dynamics, of surface waves in both capillary and gravity ranges indicates that microwave technology provides a superior means of measuring simultaneously the spatial and temporal properties of ocean waves. The need for basic studies of physical phenomena in support of active microwave sensing is indicated. Active microwave scattering from surface waves is discussed in terms of wave dynamics.
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Standardization and program effect analysis (Study 2.4). Volume 3: Design-to-cost analysis
The program procedures that were incorporated into an on-going "design-to-cost" spacecraft program are examined. Program procedures are the activities that support the development and operations of the flight unit: contract management, documents, integration meetings, engineering, and testing. This report is limited to the program procedures that were implemented, with emphasis on areas that may depart from normal satellite development practices.
Shiokari, T.↗
The concept verification testing of materials science payloads
The concept Verification Testing (CVT) project at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama, is a developmental activity that supports Shuttle Payload Projects such as Spacelab. It provides an operational 1-g environment for testing NASA and other agency experiment and support systems concepts that may be used in shuttle. A dedicated Materials Science Payload was tested in the General Purpose Laboratory to assess the requirements of a space processing payload on a Spacelab type facility. Physical and functional integration of the experiments into the facility was studied, and the impact of the experiments on the facility (and vice versa) was evaluated. A follow-up test designated CVT Test IVA was also held. The purpose of this test was to repeat Test IV experiments with a crew composed of selected and trained scientists. These personnel were not required to have prior knowledge of the materials science disciplines, but were required to have a basic knowledge of science and the scientific method.
Griner, C. S.↗
Development of a prototype regenerable carbon dioxide absorber
Design information was obtained for a new, regenerable carbon dioxide control system for extravehicular activity life support systems. Solid potassium carbonate was supported in a thin porous sheet form and fabricated into carbon dioxide absorber units. Carbon dioxide and water in the life support system atmosphere react with the potassium carbonate and form potassium bicarbonate. The bicarbonate easily reverts to the carbonate by heating to 150 deg C. The methods of effectively packing the sorbent material into EVA-sized units and the effects of inlet concentrations, flowrate, and temperature upon performance were investigated. The cycle life of the sorbent upon the repeated thermal regenerations was demonstrated through 90 cycles.
Onischak, M.↗
Atmospheric, Magnetospheric and Plasmas in Space (AMPS) spacelab payload definition study. Volume 3: Interface control documents. Part 3: AMPS payload to instruments ICD
General physical, functional, and operational interface control requirements for instruments on the first AMPS payload are presented. Interface specifications are included to satisfy ground handling, prelaunch, launch, stowage, operation, and landing activities. Applicable supporting documentation to implement the information is also given.
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Alternatives for NASTRAN maintenance, modification and dissemination
Various alternatives to direct NASA support of the program are considered ranging from no support at one end of the spectrum to subsidizing a non profit user's group at the other. Of all the alternatives that are developed, the user group appears to be most viable. NASA's past and future roles in the development of computerized technology are also considered. The need for an institute for computational analysis is identified and NASA's possible involvement is described. The goals of the proposed institute and research funds to support an activity that has the potential of a much larger impact on the technical community are identified.
Schaeffer, H. G.↗
DSN ground communications facility
A functional description of the ground communications facility and its relationships with other elements of the Deep Space network and the world-wide NASA communications network (NASCOM) is presented together with development activities and goals and comments on implementation activities in support of flight projects.
Evans, R. H.↗