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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 505 records · Page 28
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Idaho National Laboratory’s Analysis of ARRA-Funded Plug-in Electric Vehicle and Charging Infrastructure Projects: Final Report

Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC, managing and operating contractor for the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Idaho National Laboratory (INL), is the lead laboratory for U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA). INL’s conduct of the AVTA resulted in a significant base of knowledge and experience in the area of testing light-duty vehicles that reduced transportation-related petroleum consumption. Due to this experience, INL was tasked by DOE to develop agreements with companies that were the recipients of The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) grants, that would allow INL to collect raw data from light-duty vehicles and charging infrastructure. INL developed non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) with several companies and their partners that resulted in INL being able to receive raw data via server-to-server connections from the partner companies. This raw data allowed INL to independently conduct data quality checks, perform analysis, and report publicly to DOE, partners, and stakeholders, how drivers used both new vehicle technologies and the deployed charging infrastructure. The ultimate goal was not the deployment of vehicles and charging infrastructure, cut rather to create real-world laboratories of vehicles, charging infrastructure and drivers that would aid in the design of future electric drive transportation systems. The five projects that INL collected data from and their partners are: • ChargePoint America - Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Demonstration • Chrysler Ram PHEV Pickup - Vehicle Demonstration • General Motors Chevrolet Volt - Vehicle Demonstration • The EV Project - Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Demonstration • EPRI / Via Motors PHEVs – Vehicle Demonstration The document serves to benchmark the performance science involved the execution, analysis and reporting for the five above projects that provided lessons learned based on driver’s use of the vehicles and recharging decisions made. Data is reported for the use of more than 25,000 vehicles and charging units.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Closeout Report ARRA supplement to DE-FG02-08ER41546, 03/15/2010 to 03/14/2011 - Advanced Transfer Map Methods for the Description of Particle Beam Dynamics

The ARRA funds were utilized to acquire a cluster of high performance computers, consisting of one Altus 2804 Server based on a Quad AMD Opteron 6174 12C with 4 2.2 GHz nodes of 12 cores each, resulting in 48 directly usable cores; as well as a Relion 1751 Server using an Intel Xeon X5677 consisting of 4 3.46 GHz cores supporting 8 threads. Both systems run the Unix flavor CentOS, which is designed for use without need of updates, which greatly enhances their reliability. The systems are used to operate our COSY INFINITY environment which supports MPI parallelization. The units arrived at MSU in September 2010, and were taken into operation shortly thereafter.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2016

DART 7.0 User Guide

The Desktop Analysis Reporting Tool (DART) is a software package that allows users to easily view and analyze daily files that span long periods. DART gives users the capability to quickly determine the state of health of a radiation portal monitor (RPM), troubleshoot and diagnose problems, and view data in various time frames to perform trend analysis. In short, it converts the data strings written in the daily files into meaningful tables and plots. The standalone version of DART (“soloDART”) utilizes a database engine that is included with the application; no additional installations are necessary. There is also a networked version of DART (“polyDART”) that is designed to maximize the benefit of a centralized data repository while distributing the workload to individual desktop machines. This networked approach requires a more complex database manager Structured Query Language (SQL) Server; however, SQL Server is not currently provided with DART. Regardless of which version is used, DART will import daily files from RPMs, store the relevant data in its database, and it can produce reports for status, trend analysis, and reporting purposes.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2017

FY17 Status Report on the Computing Systems for the Yucca Mountain Project TSPA-LA Models.

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) continued evaluation of total system performance assessment (TSPA) computing systems for the previously considered Yucca Mountain Project (YMP). This was done to maintain the operational readiness of the computing infrastructure (computer hardware and software) and knowledge capability for total system performance assessment (TSPA) type analysis, as directed by the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), DOE 2010. This work is a continuation of the ongoing readiness evaluation reported in Lee and Hadgu (2014), Hadgu et al. (2015) and Hadgu and Appel (2016). The TSPA computing hardware (CL2014) and storage system described in Hadgu et al. (2015) were used for the current analysis. One floating license of GoldSim with Versions 9.60.300, 10.5, 11.1 and 12.0 was installed on the cluster head node, and its distributed processing capability was mapped on the cluster processors. Other supporting software were tested and installed to support the TSPA- type analysis on the server cluster. The current tasks included preliminary upgrade of the TSPA-LA from Version 9.60.300 to the latest version 12.0 and address DLL-related issues observed in the FY16 work. The model upgrade task successfully converted the Nominal Modeling case to GoldSim Versions 11.1/12. Conversions of the rest of the TSPA models were also attempted but program and operational difficulties precluded this. Upgrade of the remaining of the modeling cases and distributed processing tasks is expected to continue. The 2014 server cluster and supporting software systems are fully operational to support TSPA-LA type analysis.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

From Data to Models and Analytics: An Integrated Scientific Computing Platform to Accelerate Environmental Research SBIR Phase I (Final Technical Report)

Phase I research was conducted to investigate the technical feasibility of an integrated open source platform GeoLib to provide turnkey solutions for model-data integration for environmental systems science (ESS), using modern web technologies, advances in HPC and cloud computing and high-performance visualization. A key feature of our platform is that it minimizes and automates data movement between data storage and computing systems. Another critical feature of the design is that it enables users to perform high-fidelity post-processing by performing high-performance visualization server-side and in-situ on the compute cluster close to the data. The investigation, which was performed over a 12-month period ending April 2019, centered on developing prototype software to demonstrate the key enabling technologies required for this system. This included: (i) rapid access to data from multiple remote sources, via a unified data interface; (ii) software for scalable geospatial visualization of raster, vector, and point cloud data on the web; (iii) development of an easy-to-use API for creating simulation and modeling workflows; (iv) remote data visualization and processing on middle-tier servers; and (v) remote data processing on high-performance computing systems. A critical part of this work is that all of these capabilities be accessible to end users through standard desktop tools such as Project Jupyter, which is widely adopted for ESS simulation and modeling.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2016

Exploring the Interplay of Resilience and Energy Consumption for a Task-Based Partial Differential Equations Preconditioner

We discuss algorithm-based resilience to silent data corruption (SDC) in a task- based domain-decomposition preconditioner for partial differential equations (PDEs). The algorithm exploits a reformulation of the PDE as a sampling problem, followed by a solution update through data manipulation that is resilient to SDC. The implementation is based on a server-client model where all state information is held by the servers, while clients are designed solely as computational units. Scalability tests run up to ~ 51 K cores show a parallel efficiency greater than 90%. We use a 2D elliptic PDE and a fault model based on random single bit-flip to demonstrate the resilience of the application to synthetically injected SDC. We discuss two fault scenarios: one based on the corruption of all data of a target task, and the other involving the corruption of a single data point. We show that for our application, given the test problem considered, a four-fold increase in the number of faults only yields a 2% change in the overhead to overcome their presence, from 7% to 9%. We then discuss potential savings in energy consumption via dynamics voltage/frequency scaling, and its interplay with fault-rates, and application overhead.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Hardening DOE R&D Software Tools for Web-based Visualization SBIR Phase I Final Report

Ubiquitous web-based visualization is essential to delivering large-scale data visualization to various stakeholders, from the scientist to the board member. These stakeholders will not tolerate a stalled application or a pop-up window asking them to wait for the processing to complete. They require a responsive and interactive visualization environment with high-quality imagery suitable for detailed analysis and boardroom presentations. At Kitware, Inc., we have accomplished web visualization to this point, leveraging state-of-the-art tools like HTML5, CSS3, SVG, Canvas, and WebGL. Solutions that leverage a combination of these technologies are necessary to handle workloads that vary significantly in data size efficiently. However, it is not always practical to move large data to the web client for visualization. Kitware's ParaView as a Service combines client-side visualization using both distributed processing and remote rendering on big data impractical to move. Existing distributed processing and remote rendering solution's interactivity is below the expectations of web-based applications. Our project examined proposed solutions to the areas outlined above in ParaView as a Service. We have investigated concurrent pipelines, streaming images, progressive rendering, and optimization of algorithms and data movement to address these concerns. For the Phase I project, we completed the proposed work plan. As a result, the project produced three prototypes of essential importance for web visualization and the ParaView as a Service community. We created a simple desktop application for an interactive streamline placement prototype, a web-based interactive streamline placement prototype, and a web-based progressive rendering utilizing raytracing prototype. These prototypes relied on the hardening of emerging software toolkits funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) program (such as ParaView, VTK-m, and Mochi). We blended these components into web-based visualization prototypes that meet the industry's expectations for interactivity and responsiveness. The Phase I project had four essential focus areas: 1. Develop prototype ParaView as a Service backend server using asynchronous, non-blocking design principles. 2. Develop a prototype web application that uses the ParaView as a Service backend server for remote data visualization. 3. Implement image streaming with encoding/compression and progressive rendering capabilities in the proposed platform. 4. Evaluate the prototype developed and summarize observations, including the challenges and pitfalls of our approach. After our successful completion of Phase I, we are strongly positioned to propose a successful Phase II project.

Geveci, Berk↗
DOE OSTI2021

Performance Characteristics of the BlueField-2 SmartNIC

High-performance computing (HPC) researchers have long envisioned scenarios where application workflows could be improved through the use of programmable processing elements embedded in the network fabric. Recently, vendors have introduced programmable Smart Network Interface Cards (SmartNICs) that enable computations to be offloaded to the edge of the network. There is great interest in both the HPC and high-performance data analytics (HPDA) communities in understanding the roles these devices may play in the data paths of upcoming systems. This paper focuses on characterizing both the networking and computing aspects of NVIDIA’s new BlueField-2 SmartNIC when used in a 100Gb/s Ethernet environment. For the networking evaluation we conducted multiple transfer experiments between processors located at the host, the SmartNIC, and a remote host. These tests illuminate how much effort is required to saturate the network and help estimate the processing headroom available on the SmartNIC during transfers. For the computing evaluation we used the stress-ng benchmark to compare the BlueField-2 to other servers and place realistic bounds on the types of offload operations that are appropriate for the hardware. Our findings from this work indicate that while the BlueField-2 provides a flexible means of processing data at the network’s edge, great care must be taken to not overwhelm the hardware. While the host can easily saturate the network link, the SmartNIC’s embedded processors may not have enough computing resources to sustain more than half the expected bandwidth when using kernel-space packet processing. From a computational perspective, encryption operations, memory operations under contention, and on-card IPC operations on the SmartNIC perform significantly better than the general-purpose servers used for comparisons in our experiments. Therefore, applications that mainly focus on these operations may be good candidates for offloading to the SmartNIC.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2016

Automation and Database Collection and Extrapolation

This report highlights overall design consideration regarding automation and database collection and extrapolation prototype for Farmpod, LLC. There are potentially many combinations of software, hardware, and networking which suffices for the requirements. For this report, we suggest a Raspberry Pi 2 Model B for the hardware. We suggest the Mako application server for the user interface and RPIO python modules for automated software processes. At the present moment, security is not a major concern, but should be addressed during the initial design phase. The software stack consists of two primary components: the automated processes and application server to implement a user interface.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Protecting Websites from Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Attacks: A Novel Configuration using Pulse Secure © Pulse Connect Secure © and Virtual Web Application Firewall (vWAF)

Cross-site scripting (XSS), one of the most prevalent forms of client-side attacks, is when bad actors attempt to access sensitive information from the backend web server and other systems on the backend network. Some XSS attacks attempt to access client-side sensitive information, such as cookies. Web application firewalls (WAFs) are a first line of defense where common Uniform Resource Locator (URL) patterns are analyzed to detect and block known attacks. This paper describes a novel configuration using the Pulse Secure © Pulse Connect Secure © (PCS © ) Secure Socket Layer Virtual Private Network software and Virtual Web Application Firewall (vWAF) that protects a website from XSS attacks. This paper also presents novel aspects of the configuration that control the redirection of traffic through the vWAF and provide fine-grained behavioral control at the application level while decoupling the PCS and vWAF configurations. The intended audience for this paper comprises system and site administrators who are familiar with standard web server environments. These configuration details might prove useful during the design of a more secure infrastructure.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Universal Utility Data Exchange (UUDEX) – Protocol Design - Rev 1

This design document describes protocol related aspects of Universal Utility Data Exchange (UUDEX). The focus of the design is to describe the interactions between UUDEX Clients and UUDEX Servers in the UUDEX Infrastructure. This design is purposely transport and programming language agnostic.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Prototype Integrated Hydrogen Fuel Cell Powered Data Center (Cooperative Research and Development Final Report)

Data centers are the backbone of the modern economy-from the server rooms that power small- to medium-sized organizations, to the enterprise-class data centers that support American corporations, and the server farms that run cloud computing services. Rather than a traditional grid-centric data center approach, work under the CRADA will be directed towards implementing a proof-of-concept "hydrogen-based" data center utilizing hydrogen fuel cells, electrolyzers, and solar photovoltaics as key building blocks. This integrated proof-of-concept builds on preliminary work done by HPE and its partners Mercedes-Benz Research & Development North America, Inc. (MBRDNA) and Power Innovations, to dramatically simplify the electrical infrastructure in the data center, leverage the latest automotive-scale hydrogen fuel cell technologies, and tightly couple renewably generated DC power directly to the Information Technology (IT). While some limited aspects of this concept have been demonstrated previously the entire integrated proof of concept proposed here has not yet been realized.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2023

Distributed Energy Resource Visual Emulator: Phase 1

To help federal energy managers assess, monitor, and manage cybersecurity while achieving decarbonization, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Distributed Energy Resource Cybersecurity Framework (DER-CF) offers a comprehensive, web-based assessment tool focusing on cyber governance or policies, technical management, and physical security. The DER-CF currently presents users with a series of pertinent cybersecurity questions, which are used to generate a site-specific report and recommendations. This paper outlines a technical approach to integrate the DER-CF with another key asset—NREL's Advanced Research on Integrated Energy Systems (ARIES) Cyber Range—to visualize cybersecurity resilience and compliance and to enhance the usability and accessibility of the DER-CF. The result is a new tool called the Distributed Energy Resource Visual Emulator (DER-VE). Its development will include regular conversations with stakeholders to assess the effectiveness of these efforts, refine the visualization capability, and ensure its value to our partners. Phase 0 of the integration project was concluded in 2021. Phase 1, completed in 2022, has two components: The first is developing a working visualization of system compliance using the DER-CF, and the second is planning the design of a server application that takes input data from the DER-CF and creates a personal emulated environment of the user's system or a selected reference architect. Major components that were addressed in this phase are the DER-CF output, compliance visualization, data model, and compliance server design.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

A Case Study of Tunable White LED Lighting with Networked Lighting Controls (Emory University Cognitive Empowerment Program)

Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) partnered to create the Charlie and Harriet Schaffer Cognitive Empowerment Program (CEP) facility in northeast Atlanta. Together with the funders they are building a program to help individuals experiencing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to maintain their physical and cognitive health, and independence as long as possible. In addition to applying effective strategies and therapies, the two research groups are investigating the responses of the MCI members to treatments that involve acoustical conditions, exercise and movement, and lighting changes that may support retention or relearning of skills. Care partners and family members receive support and instruction to improve home and work life, promoting joy, purpose, and wellness in the family groups. The lighting system uses tunable-white LEDs, employing luminaires with both warm and cool-color emitters that can be dimmed separately to produce any white correlated color temperature (CCT) between 2700 K and 6500 K. All luminaires were dimmable to achieve subdued or lively surroundings for different treatments, time-of-day, and mood. A central networked digital control system was employed to allow tuning of multiple spaces together (for example, bright, cool morning light could be programmed for extra stimulation, or lighting in all spaces at the end of the day could be reduced in both light output and CCT to promote relaxation and not interfere with the melatonin cycle of occupants). Almost all spaces were equipped with individual room control of dimming and color temperature with touch screens to allow users to tune the lighting as desired, but each room’s controls could also be specially programmed through the server in case the research staff were investigating lighting settings on learning, for example. The server incorporates a timeclock, and it is able to send signals to switch off all lighting after occupancy hours, or enable occupancy sensors to control the lighting. The bulk of the construction work was completed in January 2020. It was clear from an initial walk-through that although the lighting system produced the expected high light level with low-glare qualities of light, that there were issues and inconsistencies to be resolved. These were noted in an initial punchlist visit and expected to be resolved when the tech representatives from the agency visited with the electrical contractor in the following few weeks. What followed was 2.5 years of identifying unexpected lighting performance in terms of light output, color, scheduling, and occupancy. This report documents the issues encountered in the effort to get the lighting and controls systems to operate as intended. It concludes with guidance for design professionals and manufacturers to help avoid problematic complexity in future projects.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2023

In-Network DAQ Functions

A revolution in networking is changing how we compute, but we lack the tools that can channel this new capability to benefit science. It is now possible to write programs that operate "in" the network—on network cards (NICs) and network switches themselves, rather than on servers. These programs can analyze and reduce huge volumes of data as they flow through the network—at higher throughput, lower latency, and lower power consumption than if servers (containing CPUs or GPUs) were used. That equipment offers appealing features for scientific experiments that involve huge quantities of data. This poster describes a prototype LArTPC raw-waveform hit finder based on DUNE’s Trigger Primitives generator. We built this as part of ongoing research to better understand how to put programmable network hardware to use in large scientific experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

MAPSTER: Automated Geospatial Data Sharing – Version 1.4.0

The US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed MAPSTER which is a geospatial data management tool that aggregates, organizes, and shares data from dispersed sources such as unmanned aerial systems (UAS). Built specifically for use in environments where communications may be limited, MAPSTER utilizes two key technologies to effectively manage data in the field and enable easy data sharing with authorized partners: Observer and Checkpoint. Observer is a lightweight software package on an edge device, such as a laptop, that automatically detects newly processed UAS data and sends to a central server called Checkpoint. Checkpoint is a centralized server at ORNL that receives and manages data from all Observer instances. Even in a very low bandwidth environment, Observer can still send information about the UAS data product almost instantly as it generates its own metadata package on the size of KB (kilobytes). MAPSTER is not only for UAS data but for any geospatial data collected at the austere edge and dispersed sources.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

MOOSE-Workbench integration and MOOSE meshing capability enhancements to facilitate inputs and outputs for multiphysics modeling

The Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) is an open-source framework that supports many of the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) technical areas (TA). These TAs develop and use NEAMS physics and coupling modules in multiple ways to enable the research and development of complex physics models. In addition to the MOOSE framework, the NEAMS Workbench user interface provides a common analysis environment with user-interaction accelerators that streamline the tasks of model creation, review, execution, and out put inspection. In FY 2024, objectives were realized in the MOOSE framework application development support and user-oriented improvements. Application development improvements support both developers and users with an expanded Reactor Module and Mesh System, stateful material property support for mortar contact, and customizable convergence criteria. Additionally, new user-oriented features were implemented in the MOOSE framework language server, including autocompletion snippets, definition from source and find reference navigations, and syntax overrides. Lastly, improvements were made to the input interpreter necessary to support the MOOSE language server and the NEAMS Workbench so that they can interact with syntactically incomplete user inputs. These improvements and more were intended to address stakeholder feedback and improve developer and user ability to conduct advanced nuclear energy modeling and simulation in support of DOE and industry needs.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗