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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 505 records · Page 28
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Characterization of the cleaning process on a transferred graphene

Intrinsic graphene possesses many outstanding physical and chemical properties, but their full explorations are often hindered by the effects of substrate and/or contamination. The authors employ the ultrahigh vacuum transmission electron microscopy equipped with a residual gas analyzer to in-situ characterize an effective decontamination process on a suspended graphene. Raman spectroscopic spectra further verify the cleanness of the resultant graphene membrane. The authors also present two contrasting growth morphologies of copper nanoparticles obtained on both clean and unclean graphene surfaces and show that the intrinsic growth dynamics can only manifest on the surface without contaminations.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2015

Anomalous structural evolution and √(3)×√(3) reconstruction of a clean Si(111) surface observed after thermal desorption of thallium

The authors have observed anomalous structural evolution of a clean Si(111) surface, which was prepared first by thallium (Tl) deposition on a Si(111)7 × 7 surface, leading to incomplete formation of a Tl/Si(111)1 × 1 structure at 300 °C and subsequent desorption of Tl at 350 °C. Thus prepared clean Si(111) surfaces exhibit structural changes with increase of temperature: 2×1→(√(3)×√(3))R30°→2×1→5×5→7×7, as observed by low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. Among the above structures, the (√(3)×√(3))R30° formed at 450–550 °C is found not to be a simple adatom structure. Instead, by means of ab-initio calculations a new metastable (√(3)×√(3))R30° reconstruction was found, having analogous structural features and formation origin to a 2 × 1 reconstruction known as the Pandey chain model. This new (√(3)×√(3))R30° model is 0.09 eV per surface atom less favorable than the 2 × 1 reconstruction. A reason for the anomalous occurrence of the (√(3)×√(3))R30° structure is explored with an aid of Monte Carlo simulations.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Hydrogen at Scale (H 2 @Scale): Key to a Clean, Economic, and Sustainable Energy System

Much of hydrogen's value to the energy-system lies in its ability to be cleanly and efficiently converted between chemical and electrical energy, while also possessing the high energy density and long-term storage potential of chemical bonds. For these reasons, hydrogen's importance is expected to grow substantially in the coming decades, providing cross-sector and cross-temporal impact through clean, efficient processes. Many of these processes are electrochemical in nature, such as electrolysis of water and electricity production using fuel cells. Hydrogen also offers significant flexibility in how it can integrate into the energy system as a function of scale (from W to GWs), source (fossil fuels, nuclear, biomass, solar, wind, thermal), and end use (grid, buildings, industry, transportation). This flexibility, along with the ability to be used as a dispatchable load or power generation source, allows hydrogen and hydrogen-based processes to couple with the overall energy system in an integrated or hybridized fashion, offering dramatic system optimization potential. However, achieving the scale necessary to have impact - the vision 'Hydrogen at Scale' (H2@Scale) still has research challenges, many of which center around electrochemistry.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2023

Numerical investigation of gas-filled multipass cells in the enhanced dispersion regime for clean spectral broadening and pulse compression

We show via numerical simulations that the regime of enhanced frequency chirp can be achieved in gas-filled multipass cells. Our results demonstrate that there exists a region of pulse and cell parameters for which a broad and flat spectrum with a smooth parabolic-like phase can be generated. This spectrum is compatible with clean ultrashort pulses, whose secondary structures are always below the 0.5% of its peak intensity such that the energy ratio (the energy contained within the main peak of the pulse) is above 98%. This regime makes multipass cell post-compression one of the most versatile schemes to sculpt a clean intense ultrashort optical pulse.

Segundo Staels, V. W. (ORCID:0000000200056157)↗
DOE OSTI2023

DEEPEN Leapfrog Geodata Model Cleaned and Reformatted Exploration Datasets from Newberry Volcano

DEEPEN stands for DE-risking Exploration of geothermal Plays in magmatic ENvironments. As part of the DEEPEN 3D play fairway analysis (PFA) conducted at Newberry Volcano for multiple play types (conventional hydrothermal, superhot EGS, and supercritical), existing geoscientific exploration datasets needed to be acquired, cleaned, reformatted, and assembled in Leapfrog Geothermal. This GDR submission includes all of the cleaned and reformatted (X (m), Y (m), elevation (m), processed data values) datasets used to build the Leapfrog Geodata model. Existing datasets were acquired from the GDR, from AltaRock, and from other sources. This yielded the following datasets: - Digital elevation model produced from LiDAR data by Ramsey and Bard, 2016 - MT surveys from 2006, 2011, 2014, and 2017 (including single inversions) - Gravity surveys from 2006, 2007, and 2011 (including single) - Earthquake catalogs from PNSN, LLNL, and the Newberry EGS Demonstration project - Seismic velocity model from Templeton et al., 2014 - The Frone, 2015 temperature model and a new one produced through extrapolating downhole temperature measurements and the SMU temperature at depth maps. Two versions of the new model are provided: 250 m spacing and 500 m spacing - EarthVision geologic model with alteration from Moser et al., 2016 - Well data from EGS well 55-29, deep geothermal wells, coreholes (GEO N-2 through 5) and several thermal gradient holes - "Newberry Well Data:" Location, simple lithology, directional survey data, and temperature data for the 34 wells and coreholes used in the Newberry PFA Although there are additional 2D datasets available in the area, such as aeromagnetic surveys, these were not included in the analysis. While it may be possible to project these datasets into three dimensions by assuming the surface measurements do not vary with depth, this method is associated with high uncertainty. Preexisting inversions of these data were unavailable, and inverting additional geophysical datasets is outside the scope of this project.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Recent advances in metal hydrides for clean energy applications

Metal hydrides are a fascinating class of materials that can be utilized for a surprising variety of clean energy applications, including smart solar collectors, smart windows, sensors, thermal energy storage, and batteries, in addition to their traditional application for hydrogen storage. Over the past decade, research on metal hydrides for hydrogen storage increased due to global governmental incentives and an increased focus on hydrogen storage research for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell operation. Tremendous progress has been made in so-called complex metal hydrides for hydrogen storage applications with the discovery of many new hydrides containing covalently bound complex anions. Many of these materials have applications beyond hydrogen storage and are being investigated for lithium-ion battery separator and anode materials. In this issue of MRS Bulletin , we present the state of the art of key evolving metal-hydride-based clean energy technologies with an outlook toward future needs.

batteries↗
DOE OSTI2024

Materials scarcity during the clean energy transition: Myths, challenges, and opportunities

Abstract Efforts to reach net zero targets by the second half of the century will have profound materials supply implications. The anticipated scale and speed of the energy transition in both transportation and energy storage raises the question of whether we risk running out of the essential critical materials needed to enable this transition. Early projections suggest that disruptions are likely to occur in the short term for select critical materials, but at the same time these shortages provide a powerful incentive for the market to respond in a variety of ways before supply-level stress becomes dire. In April 2023, the MRS Focus on Sustainability subcommittee sponsored a panel discussion on the role of innovation in materials science and engineering in supporting supply chains for clean energy technologies. Drawing on examples from the panel discussion, this perspective examines the myth of materials scarcity, explains the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and illustrates how the Materials Research Society is facilitating engagement with industry to support materials innovation, now and in the future. Graphical Abstract Highlights In this commentary, we examine the myth of materials scarcity, explain the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and show how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry, policymakers, and funding agencies to drive the needed innovation in critical areas. Discussion Demand for certain materials used in clean energy technologies is forecasted to increase by multiples of current production over the next decades. This has drawn attention to supply chain risks and has created a myth that we will “run out” out of certain materials during the energy transition. The reality is that markets have multiple mechanisms to adapt over the long-term, and near-term shortages or expectations of shortages provide a powerful incentive for action. In this commentary, we highlight different ways materials innovation can help solve these issues in the near term and long term, and how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry and policymakers.

Ku, Anthony Y. (ORCID:0000000337622914)↗
DOE OSTI2013

Louisiana: Louisiana's Clean Energy Resources and Economy [Brochure]

Thanks to its large agricultural and forestry industries, Louisiana has the potential to generate significant energy from renewable biomass. Wind can also provide 1,100 gigawatt hours of electricity to Louisiana each year, adding more diversity to the state’s energy portfolio. The state has significant geothermal energy potential as well. Currently, 1.8% of Louisiana’s electricity is generated from renewable resources. Louisiana’s Renewable Energy Pilot Program, designed to investigate the feasibility of a renewable portfolio standard, encourages utilities to begin producing or acquiring power from renewable resources. Louisiana provides a corporate tax credit for the installation of wind and solar technologies. The state energy standard for public buildings requires state funded building projects to be 30% more energy efficient than required under the regular state building code, and a rebate program provides up to $\$$2,000 for families to upgrade the energy efficiency of their homes. Louisiana places further emphasis on the importance of clean energy through its green jobs; clean economy jobs pay 12.6% more than the average of all jobs in the state.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2013

Michigan: Michigan's Clean Energy Resources and Economy [Brochure]

By harnessing its abundant supply of conventional hydroelectric power, biomass, and wind, Michigan is well on its way to meeting its goal, set by the 2008 Clean Renewable and Efficient Energy Act, of generating 10% of retail electricity from renewable sources by 2015. Renewable biomass accounted for 39% of renewable energy credits certified in Michigan between 2009 and 2011, thanks in part to Michigan’s 19 million acres of forest land. Small hydroelectric plants, landfill gas, and municipal solid waste are all important sources of renewable electricity in Michigan—together accounting for 34% of renewable energy credits during the same time period. Michigan also has significant undeveloped wind energy potential. Michigan also requires electric providers to develop and fund “energy optimization” programs aimed at reducing electricity consumption. Michigan is one of the few states to count efficiency as an eligible clean energy resource, awarding “energy optimization credits” for successfully reducing energy consumption. Energy optimization credits can be substituted for renewable energy credits. As of December 2009, all utility customers in Michigan are eligible to participate in at least one energy-efficiency program offered through a local utility, and aggregate statewide funding for energy optimization programs has more than tripled from $\$$67 million in 2009 to $\$$208 million in 2011. Michigan is becoming a center for the domestic advanced battery industry. Companies all along the battery supply chain cluster in the state and draw from a talented pool of scientists, engineers, and other skilled workers with decades of experience in the auto industry. Michigan’s geographic position makes the state an attractive site for wind industry manufacturing; 2010 counted 31 wind technology manufacturing facilities in the state.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2013

Advanced Materials in Support of EERE Needs to Advance Clean Energy Technologies Program Implementation

This report summarizes the program management activities for the ARRA-funded Advanced Materials in Support of EERE Needs to Advance Clean Energy Technologies sponsored by the DOE Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO), formerly the Industrial Technologies Program (ITP). Program management activities included guidance of the technical programs, assistance with major procurements, assistance with open announcements and selection of industry partners for commercial demonstrations, development of commercialization activities, reporting of status and results to DOE headquarters and annual progress reviews. The work was organized into eight projects the strategic materials titanium, magnesium and carbon fiber, structural materials including alumina forming austenitic (AFA) and CF8C-Plus steels, materials for energy storage, materials for photovoltaic solar energy production, and advanced/field/transient materials processing. Details of the results of each of the activities under Advanced Materials in Support of EERE Needs to Advance Clean Energy Technologies are discussed in the final reports for those activities.

Rogers, Hiram↗
DOE OSTI2013

Clean Energy Works Oregon (Final Technical Report)

In April 2010, the City of Portland received a $20 million award from the U.S. Department of Energy, as part of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant program. This award was appropriated under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), passed by President Obama in 2009. DOE’s program became known as the Better Buildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP). The BBNP grant objectives directed the City of Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability (BPS) as the primary grantee to expand the BPS-led pilot program, Clean Energy Works Portland, into Clean Energy Works Oregon (CEWO), with the mission to deliver thousands of home energy retrofits, create jobs, save energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.The Final Technical Report explores the successes and lessons learned from the first 3 years of program implementation.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2013

Northeast Clean Energy Application Center

From October 1, 2009 through September 30, 2013 (“contract period”), the Northeast Clean Energy Application Center (“NE-CEAC”) worked in New York and New England (Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine) to create a more robust market for the deployment of clean energy technologies (CETs) including combined heat and power (CHP), district energy systems (DES), and waste heat recovery (WHR) systems through the provision of technical assistance, education and outreach, and strategic market analysis and support for decision-makers. CHP, DES, and WHR can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce electrical and thermal energy costs, and provide more reliable energy for users throughout the United States. The NE-CEAC’s efforts in the provision of technical assistance, education and outreach, and strategic market analysis and support for decision-makers helped advance the market for CETs in the Northeast thereby helping the region move towards the following outcomes: Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and criteria pollutants; Improvements in energy efficiency resulting in lower costs of doing business; Productivity gains in industry and efficiency gains in buildings; Lower regional energy costs; Strengthened energy security; Enhanced consumer choice; Reduced price risks for end-users; and Economic development effects keeping more jobs and more income in our regional economy Over the contract period, NE-CEAC provided technical assistance to approximately 56 different potential end-users that were interested in CHP and other CETs for their facility or facilities. Of these 56 potential end-users, five new CHP projects totaling over 60 MW of install capacity became operational during the contract period. The NE-CEAC helped host numerous target market workshops, trainings, and webinars; and NE-CEAC staff delivered presentations at many other workshops and conferences. In total, over 60 different workshops, conferences, webinars, and presentation were hosted or delivered during the contract period. The NE-CEAC also produced publically available educational materials such as CHP project profiles. Finally, the NE-CEAC worked closely with the relevant state agencies involved with CHP development. In New York, the NE-CEAC played an important role in securing and maintaining funding for CHP incentive programs administered by the New York State Energy Research Development Authority. NE-CEAC was also involved in the NYC Mayor's Office DG Collaborative. The NECEAC was also named a strategic resource for the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection’s innovative Microgrid Pilot Program.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2013

U.S. DOE Southeast Clean Energy Application Center

Between 2010 and 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded the Southeast Clean Energy Application Center (SE-CEAC), co-located at the North Carolina Solar Center at NC State University (NCSU) and at Mississippi State University. The SE-CEAC was one of eight regional CEACs established to promote and assist in transforming the market for combined heat and power (CHP), district energy (DE) and waste heat to power (WHP) throughout the U.S. CHP locates power generation at the point of demand and makes productive use of the residual thermal energy for process and space heating in factories and businesses, thus lowering the cost of meeting electricity and heat requirements and increasing energy efficiency. The overall goal of the SE-CEAC was to support end-user implementation and overall market transformation for CHP and related clean energy technologies. Five objectives were targeted to achieve the goal: 1. Market Analysis and Information Dissemination 2. Outreach and Education for Potential CHP End-users 3. Policy Support for State and Regional Stakeholders 4. Technical Assistance to Support CHP Deployment 5. Collaboration with DOE and other CEACs Throughout the project, the CEACs provided key services of education and outreach, technical assistance and market analysis in support of project objectives. These services were very effective at achieving key objectives of assisting prospective CHP end-users and informing policy makers, utilities and others about the benefits of CHP. There is a marked increase in the awareness of CHP technologies and applications as an energy resource among end-users, policymakers, utility regulators, electric utilities and natural gas utilities in the Southeast region as a result. At the end of 2013, a number of best-practice policies for CHP were applied or under consideration in various Southeast states. The SE-CEAC met its targets for providing technical assistance with over 50 analyses delivered for 412 MW of potential end-users CHP applications. Of these 50 MW of projects were under consideration at the end of 2013 based on SE-CEAC technical assistance findings.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2015

Clean Cities Strategic Planning White Paper: Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy

Increasing the energy efficiency of motor vehicles is critical to achieving national energy goals of reduced petroleum dependence, protecting the global climate, and promoting continued economic prosperity. Even with fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions standards and various economic incentives for clean and efficient vehicles, providing reliable and accurate fuel economy information to the public is important to achieving these goals. This white paper reviews the current status of light-duty vehicle fuel economy in the United States and the role of the Department of Energy (DOE) Clean Cities Program in disseminating fuel economy information to the public.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2016

Clean Energy Manufacturing Analysis Center. 2015 Research Highlights -- Carbon Fiber

CEMAC has conducted four major studies on the manufacturing of clean energy technologies. Three of these focused on the end product: solar photovoltaic modules, wind turbines, and automotive lithium-ion batteries. The fourth area focused on a key material for manufacturing clean energy technologies, carbon fiber.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2018

NREL Topic 1 Final Report: Cohesive Application of Standards-Based Connected Devices to Enable Clean Energy Technologies

This document is the final report of a two-year development, test, and demonstration project entitled 'Cohesive Application of Standards-Based Connected Devices to Enable Clean Energy Technologies.' The project was part of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) Integrated Network Test-bed for Energy Grid Research and Technology (INTEGRATE) initiative. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and a team of partners were selected by NREL to carry out a project to develop and test how smart, connected consumer devices can act to enable the use of more clean energy technologies on the electric power grid. The project team includes a set of leading companies that produce key products in relation to achieving this vision: thermostats, water heaters, pool pumps, solar inverters, electric vehicle supply equipment, and battery storage systems. A key requirement of the project was open access at the device level - a feature seen as foundational to achieving a future of widespread distributed generation and storage. The internal intelligence, standard functionality and communication interfaces utilized in this project result in the ability to integrate devices at any level, to work collectively at the level of the home/business, microgrid, community, distribution circuit or other. Collectively, the set of products serve as a platform on which a wide range of control strategies may be developed and deployed.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2018

Sokaogon Chippewa Community Emission-Free and Treaty Resource Protection Clean Energy Initiative

Final Report for DOE project DE-IE0000036 The Sokaogon Chippewa Community received a tribal clean energy initiative grant and installed a community wide solar system estimated to produce 606 kw of carbon free clean energy on seventeen (17) tribal buildings and three (3) residential homes significantly reducing the tribes’ energy bills over the life of the system, potentially saving the tribe up to $2.7 million in energy savings over a thirty (30) year time span. Fifteen (15) solar installations utilized aluminum roof-top mounting systems while two (2) installations utilized a ground mount aluminum racking system.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Coal Cleaning Facility, Construction

Construction process that includes material requirements for the construction of a coal cleaning facility, which is a steel building used to house coal cleaning equipment. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=F9F57A86-72B6-452A-A7A8-EE51D2C5B926

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗