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At least 505 records · Page 28
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Three-body resonances in pionless effective field theory

We investigate the appearance of resonances in three-body systems using pionless effective field theory at leading order with two complementary methods. The Faddeev equation is analytically continued to the unphysical sheet adjacent to the positive real energy axis using a contour rotation. We consider both the three-boson system and the three-neutron system. For the former, we calculate the trajectory of Borromean three-body Efimov states turning into resonances as they cross the three-body threshold. For the latter, we find no sign of three-body resonances or virtual states at leading order. Furthermore, this result is validated by exploring the level structure of three-body states in a finite volume approach.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Lindblad many-body scars

Quantum many-body scars have received much recent attention for being both intriguing nonergodic states in otherwise quantum chaotic systems and promising candidates to encode quantum information efficiently. So far, these studies have mostly been restricted to Hermitian systems. Here, we study many-body scars in many-body quantum chaotic systems coupled to a Markovian bath, which we term Lindblad many-body scars. They are defined as simultaneous eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian and dissipative parts of the vectorized Liouvillian. Importantly, because their eigenvalues are purely real, they are not related to revivals. The number and nature of the scars depend on both the symmetry of the Hamiltonian and the choice of jump operators. For a dissipative four-body Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model with 𝑁 fermions, either Majorana or complex, we construct analytically some of these Lindblad scars while others could only be obtained numerically. As an example of the former, we identify 𝑁/2+1 scars for complex fermions due to the 𝑈⁡(1) symmetry of the model and two scars for Majorana fermions as a consequence of the parity symmetry. Similar results are obtained for a dissipative XXZ spin chain. We also characterize the physical properties of Lindblad scars. First, the operator size is independent of the disorder realization and has a vanishing variance. By contrast, the operator size for nonscarred states, believed to be quantum chaotic, is well described by a distribution centered around a specific size and a finite variance, which could be relevant for a precise definition of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis in dissipative quantum chaos. Moreover, the entanglement entropy of these scars has distinct features such as a strong dependence on the partition choice and, in certain cases, a large entanglement.

Eigenstate thermalization↗
DOE OSTI2013

Patterns of patient specific dosimetry in total body irradiation

Purpose: Total body irradiation (TBI) has been used for bone marrow transplant for hematologic and immune deficiency conditions. The goal of TBI is to deliver a homogeneous dose to the entire body, with a generally accepted range of dose uniformity being within {+-}10% of the prescribed dose. The moving table technique for TBI could make dose uniform in whole body by adjusting couch speed. However, it is difficult to accurately estimate the actual dose by calculation and hence in vivo dosimetry (IVD) is routinely performed. Here, the authors present patterns of patient-specific IVD in 161 TBI patients treated at our institution. Methods: Cobalt-60 teletherapy unit (Model C9 Cobalt-60 teletherapy unit, Picker X-ray Corporation) with customized moving bed (SITI Industrial Products, Inc., Fishers, IN) were used for TBI treatment. During treatment, OneDose{sup TM} (Sicel Technology, NC) Metal Oxide-silicon Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor detectors were placed at patient body surface; both entrance and exit side of the beam at patient head, neck, mediastinum, umbilicus, and knee to estimate midplane dose. When large differences (>10%) between the prescribed and measured dose were observed, dose delivery was corrected for subsequent fractions by the adjustment of couch speed and/or bolus placement. Under IRB exempt status, the authors retrospectively analyzed the treatment records of 161 patients who received TBI treatment between 2006 and 2011. Results: Across the entire cohort, the median {+-} SD (range) percent variance between calculated and measured dose for head, neck, mediastinum, umbilicus, and knee was -2.3 {+-} 10.2% (-66.2 to +35.3), 1.1 {+-} 11.5% (-62.2 to +40.3), -1.9 {+-} 9.5% (-66.4 to +46.6), -1.1 {+-} 7.2% (-35.2 to +42.9), and 3.4 {+-} 12.2% (-47.9 to +108.5), respectively. More than half of treatments were within {+-}10% of the prescribed dose for all anatomical regions. For 80% of treatments (10%-90%), dose at the umbilicus was within {+-}10%. However, some large differences greater than 35% were also found at several points. For one case, the knee received double the prescribed dose. When the dose differences for multiple fractions were averaged, compliance ({+-}10%) between the prescription and measured dose was improved compared to the dose difference of the first single fraction, for example, as at umbilicus, which improved from 83.9% to 98.5%. Conclusions: Actual dose measurement analysis of TBI patients revealed a potentially wide variance from the calculated dose. Based from their IVD method for TBI using Cobalt-60 irradiator and moving table, {+-}10% over entire body is hard to achieve. However, it can be significantly improved with immediate feedback after the first fraction prior to subsequent treatments.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2015

SU-E-T-357: Electronic Compensation Technique to Deliver Total Body Dose

Purpose: Total body irradiation (TBI) uses large parallel-opposed radiation fields to suppress the patient’s immune system and eradicate the residual cancer cells in preparation of recipient for bone marrow transplant. The manual placement of lead compensators has conventionally been used to compensate for the varying thickness through the entire body in large-field TBI. The goal of this study is to pursue utilizing the modern electronic compensation technique to more accurately and efficiently deliver dose to patients in need of TBI. Methods: Treatment plans utilizing electronic compensation to deliver a total body dose were created retrospectively for patients for whom CT data had been previously acquired. Each treatment plan includes two, specifically weighted, pair of opposed fields. One pair of open, large fields (collimator=45°), to encompass the patient’s entire anatomy, and one pair of smaller fields (collimator=0°) focused only on the thicker midsection of the patient. The optimal fluence for each one of the smaller fields was calculated at a patient specific penetration depth. Irregular surface compensators provide a more uniform dose distribution within the smaller opposed fields. Results: Dose-volume histograms (DVH) were calculated for the evaluating the electronic compensation technique. In one case, the maximum body doses calculated from the DVH were reduced from the non-compensated 195.8% to 165.3% in the electronically compensated plans, indicating a more uniform dose with the region of electronic compensation. The mean body doses calculated from the DVH were also reduced from the non-compensated 120.6% to 112.7% in the electronically compensated plans, indicating a more accurate delivery of the prescription dose. All calculated monitor units were well within clinically acceptable limits. Conclusion: Electronic compensation technique for TBI will not substantially increase the beam on time while it can significantly reduce the compensator setup time and the potential risk of errors in manually placing lead compensators.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS2003

Exercise load index and changes in body weight during long-duration confinement in an isolated environment

PURPOSE: The objectives of this project were to investigate exercise load and body weight related to long-duration confinement in a closed environment simulating ISS flight conditions, and to evaluate subjects' motivation to continue the experiment and their adaptation to isolation. METHODS: Four Russian male subjects participated in a 240-d experiment (Group I), and four subjects (three male subjects and one female subject) from Austria, Canada, Japan, and Russia participated in a 110-d experiment (Group II). Exercise load was estimated during confinement using a modified Rating of Perceived Exertion scale. Free reports were used to determine subjects' motivation. Body weight was measured before, during, and after confinement. RESULTS: Group I achieved their lowest exercise loads during their first month of isolation; problems with adaptation to the isolation environment were also reported during this first month. Group II exercise load was significantly lower in the second month due to crewmember problems; loss of motivation could be noted from their free reports. The subject with the lowest exercise load retired from the isolation experiment earlier than scheduled. Exercise load was not correlated with prior exercise habits. Significant differences in body weight was observed between group I and II and between Russian and non-Russian subjects. One subject in Group I experienced a significant increase in his body weight. CONCLUSION: Exercise load may be a good indicator for adaptation problems and motivation changes in closed environments. Immobility, lack of space, and smoking cessation in general did not induce significant body weight changes.

Exercise/physiology↗
DOE OSTI2019

Cs-137 Body-burdens in Wild Pigs on the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site: Determination of an Appropriate Framework for Spatiotemporal Analysis of Hunter Dose Tracking System Data

The Savannah River Site (SRS) is a U.S. Department of Energy facility with an area of 310 square miles. Since its opening in 1951, SRS has produced and processed nuclear materials for national defense and industrial purposes. These activities have resulted in the release of radiocesium (Cs-137) which has led to contamination of associated streams, floodplains, man-made reservoirs, soil and vegetation. Contamination is spread to wild pigs as they move about SRS, consume vegetation, drink water and wallow in soil. SRS provides annual deer hunts open to the public in which wild pigs may be taken as well. The Cs-137 concentration of each animal is determined before it is released to the hunter for consumption and a cumulative dose is retained for each individual hunter. These tasks are accomplished using the Hunter Dose Tracking System (HDTS). The data collected on SRS by the HDTS for White-Tailed deer has been extensively analyzed. A repeatable method for calculating the background radiocesium body burden for the SRS deer population was established by Gaines and Novak (2009,2016). This model was framed using Cs-137 contamination obtained via gamma over-flight data, the decay rate of radiocesium and the historical behavior observed in the SRS deer population. These parameters were used in a spatiotemporal analysis to estimate background Cs-137 body burdens (from global fallout, etc.), as well as the effect SRS activities may have. The purpose of this project is to modify the framework to represent the behavior of the wild pig population on SRS such that HDTS data collected may be analyzed similarly. The 2018 data were collected via the HDTS in the field to screen wild pigs dispatched by Forest Service - Savannah River. These data will provide insight for an analysis of seasonal variance in the body burdens of the SRS wild pig population. The HDTS quickly provided Cs-137 concentrations in the field, as well as automatically updated the electronic database. Space: Historically, the average home range of wild pigs on the Savannah River Site has been reported at approximately six square miles. This range was confirmed accurate as of July 2018, with the observed minimum and maximum at one and ten square miles respectively. This range was geoprocessed using ArcMap to project buffers based on 1991 gamma over-flight data. The buffers were constructed to originate at all Cs-137 contamination point coordinates and protrude outward in all directions for 1.5, 2.45 and 6 square miles. While the 2.45 mile buffer is theoretically representative of potential hog exposure based on the average home range, it does not consider the possibility of home ranges not uniform in shape. Therefore, the 1.5 and 6 mile buffers were also constructed as visual aids for determining the appropriate hunt compartments for background level considerations. The SRS is divided into numbered hunt compartments of varying size and shape. These compartment numbers are used during sponsored hunts to record the location in which a wild pig was dispatched. Time: The Gaines report determined deer analysis should be carried out at the half-decade level for the best representation of true body burdens. This is due to the impact natural factors, such as drought or flood, can have on the bioaccumulation of Cs-137. To determine the appropriate time scale for hog analysis, all available data was totaled and averaged at 1, 2, 3 and 7 year increments. The annual averages and running average are provided. The appropriate compartments for the determination of the SRS hog population background level should be: 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 14 and 15. Hogs dispatched within other compartments are most likely exposed to Cs-137 contamination and should not be included in the background level. The current dataset is small, but was still able to demonstrate the relationship between where hogs on SRS and the Cs-137 body burdens they incur. Geoprocessing the data using the average home range of wild pigs highlighted the importance of collecting additional samples from areas surrounding SRS if an accurate background is to be determined. When the average concentration of Cs-137 in pigs from background compartments is compared against that of pigs from contaminated compartments, a significant difference can be seen. A Table provides a summary of the analyzed data from the 15 years processed thus far.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2016

A new algorithm for three‐dimensional joint inversion of body wave and surface wave data and its application to the Southern California plate boundary region

Abstract We introduce a new algorithm for joint inversion of body wave and surface wave data to get better 3‐D P wave ( V p ) and S wave ( V s ) velocity models by taking advantage of the complementary strengths of each data set. Our joint inversion algorithm uses a one‐step inversion of surface wave traveltime measurements at different periods for 3‐D V s and V p models without constructing the intermediate phase or group velocity maps. This allows a more straightforward modeling of surface wave traveltime data with the body wave arrival times. We take into consideration the sensitivity of surface wave data with respect to V p in addition to its large sensitivity to V s , which means both models are constrained by two different data types. The method is applied to determine 3‐D crustal V p and V s models using body wave and Rayleigh wave data in the Southern California plate boundary region, which has previously been studied with both double‐difference tomography method using body wave arrival times and ambient noise tomography method with Rayleigh and Love wave group velocity dispersion measurements. Our approach creates self‐consistent and unique models with no prominent gaps, with Rayleigh wave data resolving shallow and large‐scale features and body wave data constraining relatively deeper structures where their ray coverage is good. The velocity model from the joint inversion is consistent with local geological structures and produces better fits to observed seismic waveforms than the current Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) model.

Fang, Hongjian↗
DOE OSTI2019

Enhanced n-body annihilation of dark matter and its indirect signatures

We examine the possible indirect signatures of dark matter annihilation processes with a non-standard scaling with the dark matter density, and in particular the case where more than two dark matter particles participate in the annihilation process. We point out that such processes can be strongly enhanced at low velocities without violating unitarity, similar to Sommerfeld enhancement in the standard case of two-body annihilation, potentially leading to visible signals in indirect searches. We study in detail the impact of such multi-body annihilations on the ionization history of the universe and consequently the cosmic microwave background, and find that unlike in the two-body case, the dominant signal can naturally arise from the end of the cosmic dark ages, after the onset of structure formation. We examine the complementary constraints from the Galactic Center, Galactic halo, and galaxy clusters, and outline the circumstances under which each search would give rise to the strongest constraints. We also show that if there is a population of ultra-compact dense dark matter clumps present in the Milky Way with sufficiently steep density profile, then it might be possible to detect point sources illuminated by multi-body annihilation, even if there is no large low-velocity enhancement. Finally, we provide a case study of a model where 3-body annihilation dominates the freezeout process, and in particular the resonant regime where a large low-velocity enhancement is naturally generated.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Production of dark-matter bound states in the early universe by three-body recombination

The small-scale structure problems of the universe can be solved by self-interacting dark matter that becomes strongly interacting at low energy. A particularly predictive model for the self-interactions is resonant short-range interactions with an S-wave scattering length that is much larger than the range. The velocity dependence of the cross section in such a model provides an excellent fit to self-interaction cross sections inferred from dark-matter halos of galaxies and clusters of galaxies if the dark-matter mass is about 19 GeV and the scattering length is about 17 fm. Such a model makes definite predictions for the few-body physics of weakly bound clusters of the dark-matter particles. The formation of the two-body bound cluster is a bottleneck for the formation of larger bound clusters. We calculate the production of two-body bound clusters by three-body recombination in the early universe under the assumption that the dark matter particles are identical bosons, which is the most favorable case. If the dark-matter mass is 19 GeV and the scattering length is 17 fm, the fraction of dark matter in the form of two-body bound clusters can increase by as much as 4 orders of magnitude when the dark-matter temperature falls below the binding energy, but its present value remains less than 10 -6 . The present fraction can be increased to as large as 10 -3 by relaxing the constraints from small-scale structure and decreasing the mass of the dark matter particle.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Newton-Okounkov bodies of chemical reaction systems

Despite their noted potential in polynomial-system solving, there are few concrete examples of Newton-Okounkov bodies arising from applications. Accordingly, in this paper, we introduce a new application of Newton-Okounkov body theory to the study of chemical reaction networks and compute several examples. An important invariant of a chemical reaction network is its maximum number of positive steady states Here, we introduce a new upper bound on this number, namely the ‘Newton-Okounkov body bound’ of a chemical reaction network. Further, through explicit examples, we show that the Newton-Okounkov body bound of a network gives a good upper bound on its maximum number of positive steady states. We also compare this Newton-Okounkov body bound to a related upper bound, namely the mixed volume of a chemical reaction network, and find that it often achieves better bounds.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

The splicing factor transformer2 (tra2) functions in the Drosophila fat body to regulate lipid storage

Highlights: • Transformer2 (tra2) is a splicing protein whose metabolic functions are unknown. • Tra2 functions in the Drosophila fat body to modulate triglyceride levels. • Decreasing tra2 in the fat body promotes starvation resistance. • Tra2 alters CPT1 splicing in the fly fat body. Excess nutrients are stored as triglycerides mainly in the adipose tissue of an animal and these triglycerides are located in structures called lipid droplets. Previous genome-wide RNAi screens in Drosophila cells identified splicing factors as playing a role in lipid droplet formation. Our lab has recently identified the SR protein, 9G8, as an important factor in fat storage as decreasing its levels results in augmented triglyceride storage in the fat body. Previous in vitro studies have implicated 9G8 in the regulation of splicing of the sex determination gene doublesex (dsx) by binding to transformer (tra) and transformer2 (tra2); however, any function of these sex determination proteins in regulating metabolism is unknown. In this study, we have uncovered a role of tra2 to regulate fat storage in vivo. Inducing tra2{sup dsRNA} in the adult fat body resulted in an increase in triglyceride levels but had no effect on glycogen storage. Consistent with the triglyceride phenotype, tra2 knockdown flies lived longer under starvation conditions. In addition, this increase in triglycerides is due to more fat storage per cell and not an increase in the number of fat cells. Interestingly, the splicing of CPT1, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of lipids, was altered in flies with decreased tra2. The less-catalytically active isoform of CPT1 accumulated in tra2{sup dsRNA} flies suggesting a decrease in lipid breakdown, which is consistent with the increased triglyceride levels observed in these flies. Together, these results suggest a link between mRNA splicing, sex determination and lipid metabolism and may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying tissue-specific splicing and nutrient storage.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2013

Implementing Molecular Dynamics on Hybrid High Performance Computers - Three-Body Potentials

The use of coprocessors or accelerators such as graphics processing units (GPUs) has become popular in scientific computing applications due to their low cost, impressive floating-point capabilities, high memory bandwidth, and low electrical power re- quirements. Hybrid high-performance computers, defined as machines with nodes containing more than one type of floating-point processor (e.g. CPU and GPU), are now becoming more prevalent due to these advantages. Although there has been extensive research into methods to efficiently use accelerators to improve the performance of molecular dynamics (MD) employing pairwise potential energy models, little is reported in the literature for models that include many-body effects. 3-body terms are required for many popular potentials such as MEAM, Tersoff, REBO, AIREBO, Stillinger-Weber, Bond-Order Potentials, and others. Because the per-atom simulation times are much higher for models incorporating 3-body terms, there is a clear need for efficient algo- rithms usable on hybrid high performance computers. Here, we report a shared-memory force-decomposition for 3-body potentials that avoids memory conflicts to allow for a deterministic code with substantial performance improvements on hybrid machines. We describe modifications necessary for use in distributed memory MD codes and show results for the simulation of water with Stillinger-Weber on the hybrid Titan supercomputer. We compare performance of the 3-body model to the SPC/E water model when using accelerators. Finally, we demonstrate that our approach can attain a speedup of 5.1 with acceleration on Titan for production simulations to study water droplet freezing on a surface.

Brown, W Michael↗
DOE OSTI2017

Hypoxia regulates microRNA expression in the human carotid body

The carotid body (CB) is the key sensing organ for physiological oxygen levels in the body. Under conditions of low oxygen (hypoxia), the CB plays crucial roles in signaling to the cardiorespiratory center in the medulla oblongata for the restoration of oxygen homeostasis. How hypoxia regulates gene expression in the human CB remains poorly understood. While limited information on transcriptional regulation in animal CBs is available, the identity and impact of important post-transcriptional regulators such as non-coding RNAs, and in particular miRNAs are not known. Here we show using ex vivo experiments that indeed a number of miRNAs are differentially regulated in surgically removed human CB slices when acute hypoxic conditions were applied. Analysis of the hypoxia-regulated miRNAs shows that they target biological pathways with upregulation of functions related to cell proliferation and immune response and downregulation of cell differentiation and cell death functions. Comparative analysis of the human CB miRNAome with the global miRNA expression patterns of a large number of different human tissues showed that the CB miRNAome had a unique profile which reflects its highly specialized functional status. Nevertheless, the human CB miRNAome is most closely related to the miRNA expression pattern of brain tissues indicating that they may have the most similar developmental origins. - Highlights: • Hypoxia triggers differential expression of many miRNAs in the human carotid body. • This can lead to the upregulation of proliferation and immune response functions. • CB expression profile in the carotid body resembles the miRNA expression pattern in the brain. • miRNAs are involved in the regulation of carotid body functions including oxygen sensing.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Cold shock induces novel nuclear bodies in Xenopus oocytes

Here we describe novel spherical structures that are induced by cold shock on the lampbrush chromosomes (LBCs) of Xenopus laevis oocytes. We call these structures cold bodies or C-bodies. C-bodies are distributed symmetrically on homologous LBCs, with a pattern similar to that of 5S rDNA. Neither active transcription nor translation is necessary for their formation. Similar protrusions occur on the edges of some nucleoli. Endogenous LBCs as well as those derived from injected sperm form C-bodies under cold shock conditions. The function of C-bodies is unknown.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Accurate Modeling of Bromide and Iodide Hydration with Data-Driven Many-Body Potentials

Ion–water interactions play a central role in determining the properties of aqueous systems in a wide range of environments. However, a quantitative understanding of how the hydration properties of ions evolve from small aqueous clusters to bulk solutions and interfaces remains elusive. Here, we introduce the second generation of data-driven many-body energy (MBnrg) potential energy functions (PEFs) representing bromide–water and iodide–water interactions. The MB-nrg PEFs use permutationally invariant polynomials to reproduce two-body and three-body energies calculated at the coupled cluster level of theory, and implicitly represent all higher-body energies using classical many-body polarization. Further, a systematic analysis of the hydration structure of small Br - (H 2 O) n and I - (H 2 O) n clusters demonstrates that the MBnrg PEFs predict interaction energies in quantitative agreement with “gold standard” coupled cluster reference values. Importantly, when used in molecular dynamics simulations carried out in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble for single bromide and iodide ions in liquid water, the MB-nrg PEFs predict extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra that accurately reproduce the experimental spectra, which thus allows for characterizing the hydration structure of the two ions with high level of confidence.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2024

A Many-Body Perspective of Nuclear Quantum Effects in Aqueous Clusters

Nuclear quantum effects play an important role in the structure and thermodynamics of aqueous systems. Here, by performing a many-body expansion with nuclear-electronic orbital (NEO) theory, we show that proton quantization can give rise to significant energetic contributions for many-body interactions spanning several molecules in single-point energy calculations of water clusters. Although zero-point motion produces a large increase in energy at the one-body level, nuclear quantum effects serve to stabilize higher-order molecular interactions. These results are significant because they demonstrate that nuclear quantum effects play a nontrivial role in many-body interactions of aqueous systems. Our approach also provides a pathway for incorporating nuclear quantum effects into water potential energy surfaces. The NEO approach is advantageous for many-body expansion analyses because it includes nuclear quantum effects directly in the energies.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2017

3D Printed “Earable” Smart Devices for Real-Time Detection of Core Body Temperature

Real-time detection of basic physiological parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate is an important target in wearable smart devices for healthcare. Among these, the core body temperature is one of the most important basic medical indicators of fever, insomnia, fatigue, metabolic functionality, and depression. However, traditional wearable temperature sensors are based upon the measurement of skin temperature, which can vary dramatically from the true core body temperature. Here, we demonstrate a three-dimensional (3D) printed wearable "earable" smart device that is designed to be worn on the ear to track core body temperature from the tympanic membrane (i.e., ear drum) based on an infrared sensor. The device is fully integrated with data processing circuits and a wireless module for standalone functionality. Using this smart earable device, we demonstrate that the core body temperature can be accurately monitored regardless of the environment and activity of the user. In addition, a microphone and actuator are also integrated so that the device can also function as a bone conduction hearing aid. Using 3D printing as the fabrication method enables the device to be customized for the wearer for more personalized healthcare. This smart device provides an important advance in realizing personalized health care by enabling real-time monitoring of one of the most important medical parameters, core body temperature, employed in preliminary medical screening tests.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2015

Identification of genetic factors that modify motor performance and body weight using Collaborative Cross mice

Evidence has emerged that suggests a link between motor deficits, obesity and many neurological disorders. However, the contributing genetic risk factors are poorly understood. Here we used the Collaborative Cross (CC), a large panel of newly inbred mice that captures 90% of the known variation among laboratory mice, to identify the genetic loci controlling rotarod performance and its relationship with body weight in a cohort of 365 mice across 16 CC strains. Body weight and rotarod performance varied widely across CC strains and were significantly negatively correlated. Genetic linkage analysis identified 14 loci that were associated with body weight. However, 45 loci affected rotarod performance, seven of which were also associated with body weight, suggesting a strong link at the genetic level. As a result, we show that genes identified in this study overlap significantly with those related to neurological disorders and obesity found in human GWA studies. In conclusion, our results provide a genetic framework for studies of the connection between body weight, the central nervous system and behavior.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗